The Second Dynasty of ancient Egypt (or Dynasty II, c. 2890 – c. 2686 BC[1]) is the latter of the two dynasties of the Egyptian Archaic Period, when the seat of government was centred at Thinis. It is most known for its last ruler, Khasekhemwy, but is otherwise one of the most obscure periods in Egyptian history.
Though archaeological evidence of the time is very scant, contrasting data from the First and Third Dynasties indicates important institutional and economic developments during the Second Dynasty.[2][3]
For the first three pharaohs, sources are fairly close in agreement and the order is supported by an inscription on the statuette of Hetepdief, who served in the mortuary cults of these three kings.[4]
But the identity of the next few rulers is unclear. Surviving sources might be giving the Horus name or the Nebty name and the birth names of these rulers. They may also be entirely different individuals, or could be legendary names. This might never be resolved.
It has been theorised that following the reign of Nynetjer, the country was split and ruled by two successors due to the overly complex state administration of the whole of Egypt.[5]
The following list contains various king names from different sources:
With the last ruler, the sources return to an agreement:
Manetho states Thinis was the capital, as in the First Dynasty, but the first three kings were buried at Saqqara, suggesting the center of power had moved to Memphis. Beyond this, little can be said about the events during this period as the annual records on the Palermo stone only survive to the end of the reign of Nebra and for parts of Nynetjer's. One important event, the unification of Upper and Lower Egypt, might have occurred during the reign of Khasekhemwy as many Egyptologists read his name as "the Two Powers arise".
Whatever else was taking place at the court of the Second Dynasty of kings, it is clear that the fundamental institutions of pharaonic government, its systems of supply, not only survived throughout that century and a half, but flourished to the extent that, when the kings emerge into the light of history again with the pyramid builders of the Third Dynasty, the state on the lower Nile was more efficient than it had ever been: that there was, therefore, strong institutional continuity.
There is much less evidence for the kings of the 2nd Dynasty than those of the 1st Dynasty until the last two reigns (Peribsen and Khasekhemwy). Given what is known about the early Old Kingdom in the 3rd Dynasty, the 2nd Dynasty must have been a time when the economic and political foundations were put in place for the strongly centralized state, which developed with truly vast resources. Such a major transition, however, cannot be demonstrated from the archaeological evidence for the 2nd Dynasty.
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1977 studio album by Toshiko Akiyoshi – Lew Tabackin Big BandMarch of the TadpolesStudio album by Toshiko Akiyoshi – Lew Tabackin Big BandReleased1977RecordedRCA Studio 'A', Hollywood, California, January 10,January 11, 1977GenreJazzLength36:56LabelBaystate RecordsProducerHiroshi IsakaToshiko Akiyoshi – Lew Tabackin Big Band chronology Insights(1976) March of the Tadpoles(1977) Live at Newport '77(1977) Professional ratingsReview scoresSourceRatingAllmusic link March of the Tadpole…
У этого термина существуют и другие значения, см. Малиновка. Посёлок городского типаМалиновкаукр. Малинівка Герб 49°47′59″ с. ш. 36°43′59″ в. д.HGЯO Страна Украина Область Харьковская Район Чугуевский Поселковый совет Малиновский История и география Основан 1652 Пр
في علم الحيوان، تشير الحضانة (بالفرنسية: Crèche)، إلى رعاية نسل الحيوان الأم لنسل آخر غير نسله، وبمعنى آخر هو تجمع لصغار الحيوانات تحت رعاية كبار لا تربطهم بهم علاقة البنوة.[1] عند بعض الطيور، يقوم عدد قليل من البالغين برعاية صغارهم وصغار غيرهم، حيث يستخدم هذا المصطلح عادة
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Highway in Connecticut This article needs additional citations for verification. Please help improve this article by adding citations to reliable sources. Unsourced material may be challenged and removed.Find sources: Interstate 384 – news · newspapers · books · scholar · JSTOR (September 2014) (Learn how and when to remove this template message) Interstate 384State Trooper Russell A. Bagshaw HighwayI-384 highlighted in redRoute informationAuxiliary route…
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