The Desert Mounted Corpscaptured Damascus, ending the Battle of Megiddo. The battle was a complete loss for the Ottoman Empire, with only 6,000 out of the 35,000 troops deployed escaping. In comparison, total British casualties were 782 killed, 4,179 wounded and 382 missing out of 57,000 men in the corps.[1][2]
Fifth Battle of Ypres – German reinforcements forced the Allies to halt their advance further into Belgium. The British lost 4,695 casualties, and the Belgians had 2,000 killed and 10,000 wounded, but had advanced a total 18 mi (29 km) and captured c. 10,000 prisoners, 300 guns and 600 machine-guns.[10]
Meuse–Argonne offensive – American forces forced a gap in the German line in Argonne Forest in France and advanced 2.5 km (1.6 mi) into enemy territory.[12]
The experimental Kettering Bug aircraft, designed by the U.S. Army Signals Corps to carry unmanned aerial torpedoes, failed on its first test flight and crashed. Later test flights proved successful.[18]
Lost Battalion – German forces attacked the "lost" portion of the American 77th Infantry Division dug into a hill in Argonne Forest that they had taken the previous day. The communications line had been cut making it impossible to call for reinforcements or emergency supplies, and an attempt break out left heavy casualties. Despite heavy fire, the Americans held onto the hill.[23]
British ocean liner Burutu collided with another vessel and sank, killing at least 170 people.[25][26]
German destroyers SMS S33 and SMS S34 were both lost at the same time in the North Sea, when S34 struck a mine and sank and S33 was torpedoed by Royal Navy submarine HMS L10 while rescuing survivors from the other ship. At least 70 sailors were lost.[27]
Belgian pilot Willy Coppens survived an attempt on his life when German troops loaded the basket of an observation balloon, his favorite target, with explosives and used artillery fire on Allied units to lure him into the trap. The Germans detonated the explosives when Coppens arrived in his Hanriot plane to attack the balloon, but he flew through the explosion and emerged uninjured.[29]
British writer Siegfried Sassoon visited his mentor journalist Robbie Ross for the last time. Sassoon later wrote that Ross, in saying goodbye, gave him a "presentiment of final farewell."[31]
Lost Battalion – With no way to escape and German soldiers shooting the army unit's messengers, the lost units of the 77th Infantry Division resorted to using carrier pigeons to get word back to headquarters. One carrier pigeon nicknamed Cher Ami managed to get to base despite being severely wounded from a shell burst. It carried the message to call off a "friendly fire" barrage that also gave the unit's position: "We are along the road parallel to 276.4. Our own artillery is dropping a barrage directly on us. For heavens sake stop it."[33]
Japanese ocean liner Hirano Maru was torpedoed and sunk in the Atlantic Ocean 200 nautical miles (370 km) south of Ireland by German submarine SM UB-91 with the loss of 292 of the 320 people on board.[36][37]
Silent film star Theda Bara starred in the film adaptation of Salomé,[53][54] which roused controversy for its mix of biblical and sexual themes and resulted in some American church groups picketing the film.[55]
Battle of Cambrai – British forces launched a major attack on the Germans involving 730,000 British, Canadian and Australian troops and 324 tanks, supported by artillery and aircraft.[58] With German defenses so weakened, the Canadian Corps was able to occupy the French city of Cambrai by the end of the day with little resistance.[59]
Battle of St Quentin Canal – Most of the fighting around the Hindenburg Line ended. British casualties were 8,802,[66] while the Americans had suffered 13,182 on the opening day of fighting. The Australians had 2,577 casualties.[67] German casualties were unknown but 36,000 soldiers were taken prisoner.[68]
Battle of Cambrai – The French city of Cambrai was fully in British hands. The Germans suffered 10,000 casualties while the British had 12,000 casualties.[69]
An earthquake measuring 7.1 in magnitude shook Puerto Rico, killing between 76 and 116 people, including a destructive tsunami that contributed to $29 million in property damage.[74]
Troopship RMS Niagara returned to New Zealand, with future New Zealand prime ministers William Massey and Joseph Ward on board. Although it was carrying a number of people ill with influenza, it was not quarantined. Although later cited as the cause of the Spanish flu epidemic in the country, six persons had already died in the three days preceding the ship's arrival.[80]
The first all-U.S. Marine Corps air combat action in history took place, with eight Airco aircraft bombing Pitthem, Belgium. German aircraft attacked the bombing squadron on the return flight, causing marine pilot Ralph Talbot and gunner Robert G. Robinson to be separated from the rest of their unit. The two ran into a squadron of 12 German fighters but were able to hold them off during the resulting dogfight until Talbot was able to land at a Belgian hospital where Robinson was treated for wounds. The two both received the Medal of Honor for their exploit.[90][91]
Malleson mission – A force of 570 British and Indian soldiers defeated Soviet forces at the village of Dushak, Turkestan, inflicting 1,000 Bolshevik casualties while losing 60 killed and 180 wounded.[92]
After surviving a major attempt on his life days earlier, Belgian flying ace Willy Coppens was wounded after shooting down a German observation balloon near Praatbos, Belgium. It was the last of his 37 victories, 34 of them observation balloons. He was forced to crash-land near Torhout, Belgium, but with the war ending four weeks later, he retained his title as the top-scoring "balloon buster."[93]
German submarine SM U-139 attacked two Portuguese naval trawlers near the Azores and sunk one, killing six crew, before being hit and forced away. It was the only time a naval battle occurred in the mid-Atlantic during World War I.[94]
Gleb Bokii, leading member of the Cheka secret police in Russia, officially announced the end of the Red Terror, with 800 alleged enemies executed in Petrograd and another 6,229 imprisoned. Official press released estimated total casualties from the crackdown were between 10,000 and 15,000 based on lists of people executed by the state. Arrests and execution continued throughout the Russian Civil War in 1919 and 1920.[97]
German submarine SM U-34 departed on patrol and was never seen again. It was believed to have sunk off Gibraltar on or before 9 November with the loss of all 38 crew.[110]
Battle of Courtrai – Allied forces successfully reclaimed the Belgian cities of Bruges, Courtrai, and Zeebrugge that put the German army into full retreat. Over 12,000 German troops and 550 artillery guns were captured.[112] The battle was also noted for having the last cavalry charge staged in the war, when two squadrons of the Belgian Guides Regimentcharged and overran German defenses at Burkel Forest between the villages of Oedelem and Maldegem in Belgium.[113]
Malleson mission – British forces occupied Tejend, Turkistan. Later, Bolshevik forces left the city of Merv, allowing Transcaspian militia to occupy it and control the entire region.[123]
German naval cruiserSMS Frankfurt collided with fellow naval submarine SM UB-89 in the port of Kiel, Germany, killing seven crew on board. The submarine was raised on October 30.[129]
American marine pilot Ralph Talbot died in a crash during a test flight 11 days after the action for which he received a posthumous Medal of Honor in 1920.[144]
Battle of Vittorio Veneto – The Italian army with British and American support established a bridgehead 2.5 miles (4.0 km) deep and 5 miles (8.0 km) broad into enemy territory. Mutinying troops on the Austro-Hungarian side prevented any counterattack on the position.[151]
Italian flying ace Pier Ruggero Piccio was shot down by enemy ground fire and captured by Austro-Hungarian troops. He finished the war with 24 victories, the third-highest-scoring Italian ace of World War I.[153]
French ace Michel Coiffard was gravely wounded during a dogfight with German Fokker fighters over Bergnicourt, France, but managed to fly back to base, where he died of his wounds. His 34 kills made him the sixth-highest scoring French ace of World War I.[158]
Battle of Sharqat – After six days of retreating from the pursuing British Indian forces, the Ottoman Sixth Army held the line south of Mosul at a cost of many killed and wounded. The British Indian force took 13,000 prisoners and lost 1800 killed or wounded.[170]
Crews of several ships in the German High Seas Fleet mutinied at the port of Wilhelmshaven, Germany, or offshore nearby, following a naval order issued five days earlier to engage the Royal Navy in a decisive battle in the North Sea.[173]
Pursuit to Haritan – British forces learned an armistice had been signed between the Ottoman Empire and the Allies, ending the advance just short of Homs, Syria. In all, the British captured between 75,000 and 100,000 prisoners and 360 guns since the start of the pursuit on September 18. British casualties were recorded at 782 killed and 4,179 wounded soldiers.[188]
^Falls, Cyril (1930). Military Operations: Egypt & Palestine from June 1917 to the End of the War. Official History of the Great War Based on Official Documents by Direction of the Historical Section of the Committee of Imperial Defence. Vol. 2 Part II. A. F. Becke (maps). London: HM Stationery Office. p. 574. OCLC256950972.
^Edmonds, J. E.; Maxwell-Hyslop, R. (1993) [1947]. Military Operations France and Belgium 1918: 26th September – 11th November: The Advance to Victory. History of the Great War Based on Official Documents by Direction of the Historical Section of the Committee of Imperial Defence. Vol. V (Imperial War Museum & Battery Press ed.). London: HMSO. pp. 74–94. ISBN978-0-89839-192-3.
^Falls, C. (1996) [1935]. Military Operations Macedonia: From the Spring of 1917 to the End of the War. History of the Great War Based on Official Documents by Direction of the Historical Section of the Committee of Imperial Defence. Vol. II (Imperial War Museum and Battery Press ed.). Nashville, TN: HMSO. pp. 246–253. ISBN0-89839-243-8.
^ abН.Е.Какурин, И.И.Вацетис "Гражданская война. 1918–1921" (N.E.Kakurin, I.I.Vacietis "Civil War. 1918–1921") - Sankt-Peterburg, "Polygon" Publishing House, 2002. ISBN5-89173-150-9
^Wegmann, Rolph (1998). Getå 1918 : den stora tågolyckan [Getå 1918 : the great train disaster] (in Swedish). Linköping, Sweden: Linköping Railair Research. pp. 9–20. ISBN91-973446-0-5.
^Terraine, John (1978). To Win a War: 1918, The Year of Victory. London. p. 177. ISBN9780304353217.{{cite book}}: CS1 maint: location missing publisher (link)
^Laplander, Robert (2007). Finding the Lost Battalion. Wisconsin: Lulu. p. 528. ISBN978-1-4116-7656-5.
^Halpern, Paul G., Koburger Jr., Charles W., The central powers in the Adriatic, 1914–1918: War in a narrow sea Wstport CT (2001), ISBN0-275-97071-X, p. 112
^Henderson, Mary C., The City and the Theatre: New York playhouses from Bowling Green to Times Square (1973), p. 275: "Selwyn Theatre 229 West Forty-second Street, Standard house. Architect: George Keister. Opening production: October 2, 1918, Information Please."
^Haffner, Sebastian (2002). Die deutsche Revolution 1918/19 (German). Kindler. p. 44. ISBN3-463-40423-0.
^Messimer, Dwight R. (2002). Verschollen: World War I U-boat Losses. Annapolis, Maryland: Naval Institute Press. p. 132. ISBN978-1-55750-475-3. OCLC231973419.
^Solsten, Eric; Meditz, Sandra W., eds. (1988). "The Establishment of Finnish Democracy". Finland: A Country Study. GPO for the Library of Congress. Retrieved 5 February 2017.
^Nichols, G. H. F. (2004) [1922]. The 18th Division in the Great War (Naval & Military Press ed.). London: Blackwood. p. 560. ISBN978-1-84342-866-4.
^Clodfelter, Micheal (2002). Warfare and Armed Conflicts: A Statistical Reference to Casualty and Other Figures, 1500–2000 (2nd ed.). Jefferson, North Carolina: McFarland. p. 454. ISBN9780786412044.
^Layman, R.D., Before the Aircraft Carrier: The Development of Aviation Vessels 1849–1922, Annapolis, Maryland: Naval Institute Press, 1989, ISBN0-87021-210-9, p. 28
^Court of Enquiry into sinking of HM Submarine J.6 by HM Special Service Vessel CYMRIC. Conduct of Lieut F.H. Petersen D.S.O., D.S.C., R.N. HMS CYMRIC (Report). The Admiralty. 1919. The National Archives ADM 156/147.
^Richard M. Watt, Bitter Glory: Poland and Its Fate, 1918–1939 (1998)
^Conner, Albert (1985). Red Army Order of Battle in the Great Patriotic War. Novato, CA: Presidio Press. ISBN0-89141-237-9.
^Gooch, John. "The Italian Army and the First World War". Cambridge University Press. 30 June 2014, p. 97
^Gooch, John, Mussolini and His Generals: The Armed Forces and Fascist Foreign Policy, 1922–1940, Cambridge, U.K: Cambridge University Press, 2007, ISBN978-0-521-85602-7, p. 53
^Admiral Water Gladisch (GE) (1965), Der Krieg zur See 1914-18/Nordsee Bd.7 (Frankfurt: Verlag E S Mittler & Sohn), pp. 344-347
^Coates, Ken, and Morrison, Bill (1991). The Sinking of the Princess Sophia — Taking the North Down With Her, 26, 43–57, 66–68, 74–119, University of Alaska Press, Fairbanks, AK 1991 ISBN0-912006-50-1
^Tarrant, V. E. (2001) [1995]. Jutland: The German Perspective, a New View of the Great Battle, 31 May 1916. London, UK: Cassell Military Paperbacks. pp. 281–282. ISBN978-0-304-35848-9.
^Gooderham, Peter (1982). "The Komsomol and Worker Youth: The Inculcation of 'Communist Values' in Leningrad during NEP". Soviet Studies. 34 (4): 509. doi:10.1080/09668138208411442. JSTOR151905.
^Karsh, Efraim, Empires of the Sand: The Struggle for Mastery in the Middle East, (Harvard University Press, 2001), p. 327
^Prof. Arthur J. Marder (1969), From the Dreadnought to Scapa Flow, The Royal Navy in the Fisher Era, 1904–1919: Victory and Aftermath volume 5 (Oxford: Oxford University Press), p. 174
^Edward J. Erickson, Ordered to Die: A history of the Ottoman Army in the First World War (Greenwood Press, Wesport, CT 2001), p. 203
^Macpherson, Ken; Barrie, Ron (2002). The Ships of Canada's Naval Forces 1910–2002 (Third ed.). St. Catharines, Ontario: Vanwell Publishing. p. 20. ISBN1-55125-072-1.
Boraston, J. H. (1920) [1919]. Sir Douglas Haig's Despatches (repr. ed.). London: Dent. OCLC633614212.
Edmonds, J. E.; Maxwell-Hyslop, R. (1993) [1947]. Military Operations France and Belgium 1918: 26th September – 11th November: The Advance to Victory. History of the Great War Based on Official Documents by Direction of the Historical Section of the Committee of Imperial Defence. Vol. V (Imperial War Museum & Battery Press ed.). London: HMSO. ISBN978-0-89839-192-3.
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Nigerian footballer This article's lead section may be too short to adequately summarize the key points. Please consider expanding the lead to provide an accessible overview of all important aspects of the article. (October 2021) Joseph Yobo Yobo playing for Fenerbahçe in 2013Personal informationFull name Joseph Michael Yobo[1]Date of birth (1980-09-06) 6 September 1980 (age 43)[2]Place of birth Kono, Rivers State, NigeriaHeight 1.88 m (6 ft 2 in)[3 ...
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National Hockey League team in Illinois, United States For the American football team, see Chicago Black Hawks (American football). Blackhawks and Black Hawks redirect here. For other uses, see Black Hawk (disambiguation). Chicago Blackhawks 2023–24 Chicago Blackhawks seasonConferenceWesternDivisionCentralFounded1926HistoryChicago Black Hawks1926–1986Chicago Blackhawks1986–presentHome arenaUnited CenterCityChicago, IllinoisTeam colorsRed, white, black[1][2] ...
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Defunct digital media company This article needs additional citations for verification. Please help improve this article by adding citations to reliable sources. Unsourced material may be challenged and removed.Find sources: TouchVision – news · newspapers · books · scholar · JSTOR (October 2013) (Learn how and when to remove this message) TouchVisionType Defunct Digital broadcast television network Defunct online Video on Demand (news) CountryUnited S...
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American professional wrestling ring announcer Bobby CruiseBorn (1973-02-28) February 28, 1973 (age 51)Rochester, MassachusettsProfessional wrestling careerRing name(s)Bobby CruiseBilled height5 ft 9 in (1.75 m)Billed fromBoston, Massachusetts Bobby Cruise (born February 28, 1973) is an American professional wrestling ring announcer, currently signed to All Elite Wrestling (AEW), where he serves as the ring announcer for their Saturday Night Collision show. He also serves ...
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Developmental robotics (DevRob), sometimes called epigenetic robotics, is a scientific field which aims at studying the developmental mechanisms, architectures and constraints that allow lifelong and open-ended learning of new skills and new knowledge in embodied machines. As in human children, learning is expected to be cumulative and of progressively increasing complexity, and to result from self-exploration of the world in combination with social interaction. The typical methodological ap...
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