Nii language

Nii
Ek Nii
Native toPapua New Guinea
RegionWestern Highlands Province
Native speakers
(12,000 cited 1991)[1]
Language codes
ISO 639-3nii
Glottologniii1240

Nii is a Trans–New Guinea language of the Chimbu–Wahgi branch spoken in the highlands of Papua New Guinea.

Nii has an unusual number of lateral consonants: a typical alveolar flap, /ɺ/, plus both dental and velar lateral fricatives, /ɬ̪/ and /𝼄/, which are voiced between vowels and do not occur in initial position.[2][3]

Phonology

Vowels

Front Central Back
High i u~ʊ
Near-High ɪ~ᵻ
Mid ɛ o~ɔ
Open a

Consonants

Nii consonants (Stucky 1973)
Labial Dental Alveolar Palatal Velar
Nasal m n̪ n ŋ
Prenasalized ᵐb ⁿdz ⁿd ᵑɡ
Oral p s̪ r k
Lateral ɬ̪ ɺ 𝼄
Approximant w j
Nii consonant allophones (Stucky 1973)
Phoneme word-
initial		 inter-
vocalic		 word-
final		 utterance-
final
/p/ [p]~[b] [pᵊ]~[pʰ] [pʰ]
/s/ [s̪]~[t̪s̪]~[t̪] [s̪]~[t̪] [s̪]~[t̪s̪]
/r/ [t]~[r](?)
(after another word)		 [ɾ]~[r] [r̥] (after a vowel)
/k/ [k]~[ɡ] [kᵊ]~[kʰ] [kʰ]
/mb/ [mb] [mb]~[mp] [mpᵊ]~[mpʰ] [mpʰ]
/ndz/ [n̪d̪z]~[n̪t̪s]*** [n̪d̪z]~[n̪t̪s]~[n̪s]
/nd/ [nd]~[nt] [ntᵊ]~[ntʰ] [ntʰ]~[nt𐞩̥]
/ŋɡ/ [ŋk]~[ŋɡ] [ŋkᵊ]~[ŋkʰ] [ŋkʰ]
/ɬ/ NA [ɮ̪]* [ɬ̪]
/ɺ/ NA [ɺ]** NA
/𝼄/ NA [ʟ̝] [𝼄]~[𝼄ᵊ] [𝼄]
* /ɬ/ is evidentally [l̪] before a consonant
** /ɺ/ is [l] before /r/; in word-final position this sequence becomes [lt𐞩̥] ~ [ltʰ].
*** /ndz/ may have a vocoid release [n̪d̪zᶦ] at the end of a syllable before a consonant.

The account of the initial allophones of /r/ is confused, and some of the other positions are not completely clear.

References

  1. ^ Nii at Ethnologue (18th ed., 2015) (subscription required)
  2. ^ Foley, 1986:63, The Papuan languages of New Guinea
  3. ^ https://www.sil.org/system/files/reapdata/23/85/34/23853451869958568538398841625100014874/Nii_Phonology.pdf [bare URL PDF]

Further reading

  • Stucky, Al (1994). "Organised Phonology Data" (PDF). {{cite journal}}: Cite journal requires |journal= (help)
  • Stucky, Alfred and Dellene Stucky 1973. "Nii phonology", in Alan Healey (ed.), Studies in languages of the Ok family, "Workpapers in Papua New Guinea Languages" 2, pp. 37-78. [1], [2]


This Papuan languages–related article is a stub. You can help Wikipedia by expanding it.

Stub icon

This Papua New Guinea-related article is a stub. You can help Wikipedia by expanding it.

Read other articles:

Oxford

Untuk kegunaan lain, lihat Oxford (disambiguasi). Letak Oxford di Inggris. Oxford adalah sebuah kota dan distrik non-metropolitan di Oxfordshire, Inggris. Menurut sensus tahun 2001, penduduknya berjumlah 134.248 jiwa. Luas Oxford adalah 45,59 km². Di Oxford terdapat Universitas Oxford, yang merupakan universitas tertua di kawasan-kawasan berbahasa Inggris. Kota ini terletak sekitar 90 km dari London dan dialiri Sungai Thames. Ditetapkan secara resmi sebagai kota pada tahun 1542, Oxford perta...

 

Aeneas Mackay (1839–1909)

Untuk pamannya yang bernama sama, lihat Æneas baron Mackay (1806-1876). Æneas Mackay Æneas baron Mackay, Jr. (29 November 1839 – 13 November 1909) adalah seorang Perdana Menteri Belanda. Ia adalah anggota Partai Anti-Revolusi. Kehidupan Mackay lahir di Nijmegen pada tahun 1839. Ia menjadi seorang pengacara pada tahun 1862 dan bekerja hingga tahun 1865. Pada tahun 1888, ia menjadi PM hingga tahun 1890 ketika ia digantikan oleh Gijsbert van Tienhoven. Ia meninggal di den Haag...

 

Direktorat Perlindungan Warga Negara Indonesia dan Badan Hukum Indonesia Kementerian Luar Negeri Indonesia

Direktorat Perlindungan Warga Negara Indonesia dan Badan Hukum Indonesia Kementerian Luar Negeri adalah bagian dari Direktorat Jenderal Protokol dan Konsuler Kementerian Luar Negeri dalam upaya pemerintah Indonesia memberikan perlindungan Warga Negara Indonesia (WNI) dan Badan Hukum Indonesia (BHI) yang sedang berada di luar negeri atau bagi yang mempunyai masalah hukum dengan perwakilan negara asing atau organisasi internasional di Indonesia. Fungsi Perlindungan hak Warga Negara Indonesia (W...

2004 AFC Cup

Inaugural edition of secondary club football tournament organized by the AFC 2004 AFC CupTournament detailsDates10 February – 26 November 2004Teams18 (from 11 associations)Final positionsChampions Al-Jaish (1st title)Runners-up Al-WahdaTournament statisticsMatches played61Goals scored178 (2.92 per match)Top scorer(s) Indra Sahdan Daud Egmar Gonçalves(7 goals each)2005 → International football competition The 2004 AFC Cup was the first edition of the AFC Cup, played by ...

 

Byzantium

Ancient Greek city, forerunner of Constantinople This article is about the ancient city. For the city in the late Roman period (330–1453), see Constantinople. For the Ottoman and modern city (after 1453), see Istanbul. For the empire, see Byzantine Empire. For other uses, see Byzantium (disambiguation). ByzantiumByzantionLocation of Byzantion, corresponding to the modern-day Fatih district of IstanbulAlternative nameByzantion (earlier Greek name), Nova Roma (New Rome)LocationFatih, Ist...

 

History of Argentine cuisine

Part of a series onArgentine cuisine Regional cuisines Central Region Northwest Cuyo Northeast Patagonia Ingredients and types of food Ingredients Beef Cheese Main dishes Argentine pizza Desserts Drinks See also History Etiquette Argentine chefs Cookbook: Cuisine of Argentina  Argentina portalvte The history of Argentine cuisine is rich and diverse. As a land that has experienced extensive immigration through many years, the country has benefited from numerous food influences. The d...

1958 European Athletics Championships – Men's pole vault

1958 EuropeanAthletics ChampionshipsTrack events100 mmenwomen200 mmenwomen400 mmenwomen800 mmenwomen1500 mmen5000 mmen10,000 mmen80 m hurdleswomen110 m hurdlesmen400 m hurdlesmen3000 msteeplechasemen4×100 m relaymenwomen4×400 m relaymenRoad eventsMarathonmen20 km walkmen50 km walkmenField eventsHigh jumpmenwomenPole vaultmenLong jumpmenwomenTriple jumpmenShot putmenwomenDiscus throwmenwomenHammer throwmenJavelin throwmenwomenCombined eventsPentathlonwomenDecathlonmenvte The men's pole vaul...

 

WADL (TV)

MyNetworkTV affiliate in Mount Clemens, Michigan WADLMount Clemens–Detroit, MichiganUnited StatesCityMount Clemens, MichiganChannelsDigital: 27 (UHF)Virtual: 38BrandingMy38 WADL DetroitProgrammingAffiliations38.1: MyNetworkTVfor others, see § SubchannelsOwnershipOwnerAdell Broadcasting Corporation (sale to Mission Broadcasting pending;[1] to be operated by Nexstar Media Group under LMA[2])Sister stationsWFDF, The Word NetworkHistoryFoundedSeptember 25, 1985First air da...

 

René Renoult

Renoult in 1931 René Renoult (29 August 1867 in Paris – 30 April 1946 in Paris) was a French Minister and lawyer.[1] Renoult was the son of Étienne and Élisa Geranger, a female day laborer. He studied at the Faculty of Law in Paris and obtained his doctorate in 1888. He married for the first time with Blanche-Clothilde Wormser in 1910, and a second time with Henriette-Emelie-Céleste Giriat in 1937. Renoult was a member of the Radical Party. His political career started in 1...

Tupolev ANT-4

Tupolev ANT-4 (TB-1)L'esemplare di Tupolev ANT-4 battezzato Strana Sovetov che raggiunse New York per un volo dimostrativo.DescrizioneTipobombardiere Equipaggio6 Progettista TsAGI CostruttoreIndustrie di Stato URSS Data primo volo26 novembre 1925 Data entrata in servizio1929 Data ritiro dal servizio1948 Utilizzatore principale VVS Altri utilizzatori Aeroflot Aviaarktika Esemplari218 Dimensioni e pesiLunghezza18,00 m Apertura alare28,70 m Altezza4,14 m Superficie alare120,00 m² Peso a vuoto4&...

 

Samalut

This article needs additional citations for verification. Please help improve this article by adding citations to reliable sources. Unsourced material may be challenged and removed.Find sources: Samalut – news · newspapers · books · scholar · JSTOR (January 2019) (Learn how and when to remove this message) Samalout redirects here. Not to be confused with Samlout (commune) or Samlout District. Place in Minya, EgyptSamalut سمالوطⲧⲥⲉⲙⲟⲩ�...

 

Women in Unión General de Trabajadores in Francoist Spain

Women's Union Part of a series onOrganized labour Labour movement Conflict theoriesDecent workExploitation of laborTimelineNew unionismProletariatSocial movement unionismSocial democracyDemocratic socialismSocialismCommunismSyndicalismUnion bustingAnarcho-syndicalismNational-syndicalism Labour rights Freedom of association Collective bargaining Child labour Unfree labour Diversity, equity, and inclusion Equal pay Employment discrimination Legal working age Four-day week Sabbatical Eight-hour ...

慕尤丁·雅辛

这是马来族人名，“莫哈末·雅辛”是父名，不是姓氏，提及此人时应以其自身的名“慕尤丁”为主。 尊敬的丹斯里拿督哈芝慕尤丁·莫哈末雅辛馬來語：Muhyiddin Mohd YassinMahiaddin bin Md Yasin（注册名）国会议员PSM; SPMJ; SHMS; SPSA; SPMP; SUNS; SPDK; DP; PNBS; SMJ; BSI (I); PIS (I)2021年的慕尤丁 第8任马来西亚首相任期2020年3月1日—2021年8月20日君主國家元首蘇丹阿都拉副职依斯迈沙比里前任马...

 

Queen's Hall, Edinburgh

The Queen's HallFormer namesNewington & St Leonard's Parish Church (1932–1976)Newington Parish Church (1834–1932)Hope Park Chapel (1824–1834)General informationStatusActiveArchitectural styleNeoclassicalLocationEdinburgh, ScotlandAddress85-89 Clerk StreetEdinburghEH8 9JGCoordinates55°56′28.51″N 3°10′53.97″W / 55.9412528°N 3.1816583°W / 55.9412528; -3.1816583Named forElizabeth IIGroundbreaking1823Completed1824Renovated1978–1979Height35 metres (1...

 

乌克兰总理

 烏克蘭總理Прем'єр-міністр України烏克蘭國徽現任杰尼斯·什米加尔自2020年3月4日任命者烏克蘭總統任期總統任命首任維托爾德·福金设立1991年11月后继职位無网站www.kmu.gov.ua/control/en/（英文） 乌克兰 乌克兰政府与政治系列条目 宪法 政府 总统 弗拉基米尔·泽连斯基 總統辦公室 国家安全与国防事务委员会 总统代表（英语：Representatives of the President of Ukraine） 总...

Museo diocesano (Caltanissetta)

Questa voce sugli argomenti musei della Sicilia e Caltanissetta è solo un abbozzo. Contribuisci a migliorarla secondo le convenzioni di Wikipedia. Museo diocesano di CaltanissettaUbicazioneStato Italia LocalitàCaltanissetta IndirizzoViale Regina Margherita, 29 - Caltanissetta Coordinate37°29′10.43″N 14°03′41.42″E / 37.48623°N 14.061506°E37.48623; 14.061506Coordinate: 37°29′10.43″N 14°03′41.42″E / 37.48623°N 14.061506°E37.486...

 

Université de Constance

Université de ConstanceHistoireFondation 1966StatutType Université publiqueNom officiel Universität KonstanzRégime linguistique AllemandRecteur Katharina HolzingerMembre de Internationale Bodensee-Hochschule (d), Young European Research Universities Network, Association pour le soutien d’un réseau de recherche en Allemagne (en)Site web www.uni-konstanz.deChiffres-clésÉtudiants 11 711[1] (2014-2015)Effectif 2 560 (2022)Budget 154 400 000 euros[1] (2011-2012)Lo...

 

General Secretary of the Workers' Party of Korea

Head of the Workers' Party of Korea General Secretary of theWorkers' Party of Korea조선로동당 총비서Emblem of the General Secretary of the Workers' Party of KoreaIncumbentKim Jong Unsince 11 April 2012[note 1]Workers' Party of KoreaStyleComrade (동지)(formal)TypeParty leaderSupreme leaderResidenceForbidden CitySeatPyongyangNominatorParty CongressAppointerParty CongressTerm lengthFive years,life tenureConstituting instrumentRules of the Workers' Party of KoreaInaugural h...

Precambrian

History of Earth 4600–539 million years ago For the album by German band The Ocean, see Precambrian (album). Cryptozoic redirects here. For the games publisher, see Cryptozoic Entertainment. Precambrian4567.3 ± 0.16 – 538.8 ± 0.2 Ma Pha. Proterozoic Archean Had. Chronology−4500 —–—–−4000 —–—–−3500 —–—–−3000 —–—–−2500 —–—...

 

Darlington

Town in County Durham, England This article is about a town in England. For other uses, see Darlington (disambiguation). Town in EnglandDarlingtonTownBlackwellgate, Post House Wynd, the Market Hall, St Cuthbert's Church and Skerne BridgeDarlingtonLocation within County DurhamArea19.73 km2 (7.62 sq mi)Population107,800 • Density4,680.81/km2 (12,123.25/sq mi) (Town)OS grid referenceNZ289147• London219 mi (352 km) southUnitary ...