Lanthanum(III) sulfate

Lanthanum(III) sulfate
Names
Other names
  • Lanthanum sulfate
Identifiers
3D model (JSmol)
ChemSpider
ECHA InfoCard 100.030.204 Edit this at Wikidata
EC Number
  • 233-239-6
UNII
UN number 4636PY459O
  • Key: VQEHIYWBGOJJDM-UHFFFAOYSA-H
  • InChI=1S/2La.3H2O4S/c;;3*1-5(2,3)4/h;;3*(H2,1,2,3,4)/q2*+3;;;/p-6
  • [O-]S(=O)(=O)[O-].[O-]S(=O)(=O)[O-].[O-]S(=O)(=O)[O-].[La+3].[La+3]
Properties
La2(SO4)3
Molar mass 566.00 g/mol
Appearance White solid[1]
Density 2.82 g/cm3 (nonahydrate)
Melting point 775 °C (1,427 °F; 1,048 K)[2] (decomposition)
2.7 g/100 mL (20 °C, nonahydrate)[1]
Solubility insoluble in ethanol[1]
Structure[3]
hexagonal
P63
a = 11.01 Å, c = 8.08 Å
Hazards
GHS labelling:[1]
GHS07: Exclamation mark
Warning
H315, H319, H335
P261, P264, P264+P265, P271, P280, P302+P352, P304+P340, P305+P351+P338, P319, P321, P332+P317, P337+P317, P362+P364, P403+P233, P405, P501
NFPA 704 (fire diamond)
NFPA 704 four-colored diamondHealth 0: Exposure under fire conditions would offer no hazard beyond that of ordinary combustible material. E.g. sodium chlorideFlammability 0: Will not burn. E.g. waterInstability 1: Normally stable, but can become unstable at elevated temperatures and pressures. E.g. calciumSpecial hazards (white): no code
0
0
1
Related compounds
Other anions
 Lanthanum(III) nitrate
Other cations
 Cerium(III) sulfate
Except where otherwise noted, data are given for materials in their standard state (at 25 °C [77 °F], 100 kPa).

Lanthanum(III) sulfate is an inorganic compound with the formula La2(SO4)3·xH2O (0 ≥ x ≥ 9). It forms various hydrates, the most common one being the nonahydrate, which are all white solids. It is an intermediate in producing lanthanum from its ores.[4]

Preparation and reactions

The nonahydrate is produced by dissolving lanthanum or lanthanum hydroxide in dilute sulfuric acid, then evaporating the solution:[5]

2 La + 3 H2SO4 → La2(SO4)3 + 3 H2

The anhydrous compound can be produced by heating the hydrates to 300 °C. If heated further, anhydrous lanthanum(III) sulfate decomposes to La2O2SO4 at 775 °C, which in turn decomposes to lanthanum(III) oxide at 1100 °C.[2]

Structure

The nonahydrate crystallizes in a hexagonal crystal system, which contains the lanthanum atoms in two different environments.[3]

References

  1. ^ a b c Haynes, William, ed. (2016). CRC Handbook of Chemistry and Physics (93rd ed.). CRC Press. p. 4-70. ISBN 9781439880500.
  2. ^ a b James A. Poston Jr.; Ranjani V. Siriwardane; Edward P. Fisher; Angela L. Miltz (2003). "Thermal decomposition of the rare earth sulfates of cerium(III), cerium(IV), lanthanum(III) and samarium(III)". Applied Surface Science. 214 (1–4): 83–102. Bibcode:2003ApSS..214...83P. doi:10.1016/S0169-4332(03)00358-1.
  3. ^ a b Elizabeth Gebert Sherry (1976). "The structure of Pr2(SO4)3 · 8H2O and La2(SO4)3 · 9H2O". Journal of Solid State Chemistry. 19 (3): 271–279. doi:10.1016/0022-4596(76)90177-8.
  4. ^ Greenwood & Earnshaw (1984), pp. 1426–1429
  5. ^ Richard A. Vanderpool; Masood A. Khan; Roger Frech (1991). "Structure and Raman spectra of single crystal La2(SO4)3 · 8H2O". Journal of Molecular Structure. 245 (3–4): 255–273. doi:10.1016/0022-2860(91)87101-M.

Bibliography