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Juncus antarcticus
	Plate XLVI (artist Fitch)
Scientific classification
Kingdom:	Plantae
Clade:	Tracheophytes
Clade:	Angiosperms
Clade:	Monocots
Clade:	Commelinids
Order:	Poales
Family:	Juncaceae
Genus:	Juncus
Species:	J. antarcticus
Binomial name
	Juncus antarcticus; Hook.f.
Synonyms
	Juncus brevifolius Kirk; Juncus pauciflorus Kirk

Juncus antarcticus, also known as dwarf rush,^[4] is a flowering plant species in the rush family Juncaceae, native to New Zealand and Australia.^[3]

Description

It is a dwarf perennial that forms cushions and has well-developed rhizomes and stolons. The culms are erect, smooth, and 0.5–5 cm high, both slightly shorter and slightly exceeding the leaves in length. The leaves are borne on the more or less elongated aerial portion of a stem, with the older leaves persisting and turning yellow-brown. The inflorescence is a 1–5-flowered cluster, which expands to about 3–7 mm in diameter when in fruit. There are three stamens, sometimes six. The upper part of the ovoid capsules is reddish-brown, and they are 2–3 mm long.^[5]

Distribution

In Australia, it is found in New South Wales, Tasmania, and Victoria. In Victoria, it is found late-lying snowpatches and at the edges of bogs and creeks on the Bogong High Plains.^[5]

In New Zealand, it is found in both the North and South Islands, and Stewart, Chatham, Auckland and Campbell Islands.^[4]

Habitat

It is found in wetlands, bogs and mires.^[6]^[4]

In the northern part of its range (in New Zealand^[4] and Australia)^[6] it is alpine to subalpine, but in the subantarctic islands and around Otago it is also found at sea level.^[4]

Conservation status

In both 2009 and 2012 it was deemed to be "Not Threatened" under the New Zealand Threat Classification System,^[4] and this New Zealand classification was reaffirmed in 2018, with the further comment that it is secure overseas.^[7]

In Victoria it is listed as vulnerable under the Flora and Fauna Guarantee Act 1988.^[5]

References

^ ^a ^b Hooker, J.D. (1844). "Juncus antarcticus". The Botany of the Antarctic Voyage of H.M. Discovery Ships Erebus and Terror in the Years 1839-1843 :under the Command of Captain Sir James Clark Ross. 1 (5): 79. Plate XLVI
^ "Juncus antarcticus". Australian Plant Name Index, IBIS database. Centre for Plant Biodiversity Research, Australian Government. Retrieved 25 January 2020.
^ ^a ^b "Juncus antarcticus Hook.f. | Plants of the World Online | Kew Science". Plants of the World Online. Retrieved 25 January 2020.
^ ^a ^b ^c ^d ^e ^f "Juncus antarcticus". nzpcn.org.nz. New Zealand Plant Conservation Network. Retrieved 16 November 2021.
^ ^a ^b ^c Albrecht, D.E. (1994). "Flora of Victoria - Juncus antarcticus". vicflora.rbg.vic.gov.au. Retrieved 24 January 2020.
^ ^a ^b Wilson, K.L. (2016). "Juncus antarcticus, PlantNET - FloraOnline". plantnet.rbgsyd.nsw.gov.au. Retrieved 24 January 2020.
^ Lange, Peter J. de; Rolfe, Jeremy R.; Barkla, John W.; Courtney, Shannel P.; Champion, Paul D.; Perrie, Leon R.; Beadel, Sarah M.; Ford, Kerry A.; Breitwieser, Ilse; Schönberger, Ines; Hindmarsh-Walls, Rowan (2018). "Conservation status of New Zealand indigenous vascular plants, 2017" (PDF). New Zealand Threat Classification Series. 22: 67. OCLC 1041649797.