Gay Crusader

Gay Crusader
Gay Crusader, 1917
SireBayardo
GrandsireBay Ronald
DamGay Laura
DamsireBeppo
SexStallion
Foaled1914
CountryUnited Kingdom of Great Britain and Ireland
ColourBay
BreederAlfred W Cox
OwnerAlfred W Cox
TrainerAlec Taylor, Jr.
Record10: 8-1-0
Earnings£11,246[1]
Major wins
Criterion Stakes (1916)
2,000 Guineas (1917))
New Derby Stakes (1917)
September Stakes (1917)
Newmarket Gold Cup (1917)
Champion Stakes (1917)
Awards
12th UK Triple Crown Champion (1917)
Honours
Name given to LNER A1 No.4477
Last updated on 30 July 2023

Gay Crusader (1914–14 September 1932) was a British Thoroughbred racehorse and sire who won a wartime version of the English Triple Crown in 1917. In a career which lasted from September 1916 to October 1917 he ran ten times and won eight races, including his last seven in succession. In addition to his three Classic wins he defeated older horses in the Newmarket Gold Cup and the Champion Stakes. Because of wartime restrictions, all of his races were at Newmarket Racecourse. After being injured in training in 1918 he was retired to stud, where his record was disappointing.

Background

Gay Crusader was a bay horse of "beautiful quality"[2] bred by his owner Alfred W Cox, who used the name "Mr Fairie" for his racing interests. He was sired by Cox's stallion Bayardo, regarded as the best British racehorse of his time, and was the first foal of the mare Gay Laura, a daughter of Galeottia, who had won the 1000 Guineas for Cox in 1895.[3] Gay Laura won a race as a two-year-old and was the dam of five other winners that won 14 races worth £9,906. The most notable of these was the successful Steeplechaser Sea Rover. Cox sent the colt into training with Alec Taylor, Jr. at Manton, Wiltshire

Racing career

1916: two-year-old season

Gay Crusader was a small and weak yearling and early in his two-year-old season his progress was delayed by sore shins. It was autumn before he appeared on a racecourse when he ran in the Clearwell Stakes at Newmarket and finished sixth of the twelve runners. Despite this performance he was moved up in class for the Criterion Stakes over the same course in October. He was not strongly fancied, but won the race in a close finish by a head from the filly Molly Desmond.[2][4]

1917: three-year-old season

The First World War led to a restricted and restructured racing schedule from 1915 to 1918, with many racecourses, including Epsom, Ascot and Doncaster being used by the military or closed to conserve resources. As many important races could not be run at their usual venues, wartime substitute races were run at alternative courses, with Newmarket being particularly favoured.[5]

By his three-year-old, Gay Crusader had matured into a handsome colt with a calm temperament[6] which made him easy to train. On his debut he carried 136 pounds in the Column Produce Stakes at Newmarket in April. Running on very soft ground he finished second to Coq d'Or, who was carrying eleven pounds less.[4][7] Before the 2000 Guineas he performed impressively in a private trial race and in the Classic he started 9/4 favourite in a field of fourteen runners. The Taylor stable had another leading contender in Magpie, and the relative merits of the two Manton colts were unclear, as Cox had refused to allow them to gallop together.[8] The closing stages of the race developed into a match between the stable companions and Gay Crusader, under a strong ride from Steve Donoghue prevailed by a head from Magpie and Otto Madden.[9] Magpie was later exported to Australia where he won the Caulfield Stakes.[10]

Wartime restrictions became more severe in the summer of 1917 and for some time it seemed unlikely that a substitute Derby would be run.[11] The "New Derby" was finally organised and took place at Newmarket on 31 July, two months later than the customary date. The race carried prize money of only £2,050 and attracted only a handful of spectators on a dull and rainy day.[8] Ridden again by Donoghue, Gay Crusader started the 7/4 favourite against eleven opponents. Before the race Gay Crusader impressed observers with his condition and physique, and looked to be "the aristocrat of the party."[6] Invincible took the early lead and made the running until half a mile from the finish when Dark Legend moved to the front. The favourite had some problems obtaining a run as he was boxed in against the rails at a crucial stage,[12] but once clear he quickly took the lead and pulled away to win very easily[2] by four lengths from Dansellon and Dark Legend.[13]

The authorities at Doncaster Racecourse refused to allow the use of the name St. Leger Stakes by other racecourses and so the Newmarket substitute race was known as the September Stakes. Only three horses turned out to contest the race and Gay Crusader started at odds of 2/11. He completed the "Triple Crown" by beating Kingston Black by six lengths, with Dansellon finishing a remote third.[14] Having proved himself by far the best colt of his generation, Gay Crusader was matched against older horses in his next two races. Racing over two and a half miles he won the Newmarket Gold Cup, a substitute race for the Ascot Gold Cup and then moved back down in distance to win the Champion Stakes over a mile and a quarter. On his final start of the year he won the Lowther Stakes over one and three quarter miles. All four of these wins in autumn were achieved very easily.[15]

Gay Crusader's earnings of £10,180 enabled Cox to be the Champion owner and the Champion breeder of the British season.[16]

1918: four-year-old season

Gay Crusader was kept in training with a second Gold Cup as his principal objective. Early in the season, Cox insisted on running the horse in a private trial race, despite Taylor's concerns about his fitness.[8] Gay Crusader won the trial impressively but was found to be lame the following day. A tendon injury was diagnosed which proved so serious that Gay Crusader was unable to race again.[17]

Assessment

In their book A Century of Champions, Tony Morris and John Randall rated Gay Crusader a "great" winner of both the 2000 Guineas and the Derby and the thirteenth best British horse of the 20th century.[18] Steve Donoghue regarded Gay Crusader as the best horse he ever rode.[8] A writer in The Field described Gay Crusader as "a great horse and one of the easiest Triple Crown winners of all time".[15]

Stud record

Gay Crusader was retired to stud service at an initial fee of 400 guineas. Shortly after Gay Crusader's retirement, Cox turned down an offer of £100,000 for the horse, an enormous amount at the time from Jack Joel.[17][19] He sired many winners, but few of note, though he does appear in the pedigree of the outstanding dual Prix be l'Arc de Triomphe winner and three times champion sire of Great Britain and Ireland, Ribot. His progeny included:

Gay Crusader was euthanised on 14 September 1932 at the age of 18.[20]

Pedigree

Pedigree of Gay Crusader (GB), bay stallion, 1914
Sire
Bayardo (GB)
1906 		Bay Ronald
1893 		Hampton Lord Clifden
Lady Langden
Black Duchess Galliard
Black Corrie
Galicia
1898 		Galopin Vedette
Flying Duchess
Isoletta Isonomy
Lady Muncastet
Dam
Gay Laura (GB)
1909 		Beppo
1903 		Marco Barcaldine
Novitiate
Pitti St. Frusquin
Florence
Galeottia
1892 		Galopin Vedette
Flying Duchess
Agave Springfield
Wood Anemone (Family: 1-g)[21]
  • Gay Crusader was inbred 3 × 3 to Galopin, meaning that this stallion appears twice in the third generation of his pedigree,

References

  1. ^ Birch, Franklin E., Pedigrees of Leading Winners 1912–1959, The Thoroughbred Breeders Assoc., London, 1960
  2. ^ a b c Charles Richardson. British Flat Racing and Breeding. Kdl.kyvl.org. pp. 239–243. Archived from the original on 29 August 2005. Retrieved 18 February 2012.
  3. ^ "NOTES AND COMMENTS". Evening Post. 12 May 1917. Retrieved 18 February 2012.
  4. ^ a b "NOTES AND COMMENTS". Evening Post. 20 September 1917. Retrieved 18 February 2012.
  5. ^ "ENGLISH RACING". Press. 17 June 1915. Retrieved 17 February 2012.
  6. ^ a b "SPORTING. THE TURF. THE NEW DERBY". Cairns Post. 12 January 1918. Retrieved 18 February 2012.
  7. ^ "NOTES AND COMMENTS". Evening Post. 31 August 1918. Retrieved 18 February 2012.
  8. ^ a b c d Mortimer, Roger; Onslow, Richard; Willett, Peter (1978). Biographical Encyclopedia of British Flat Racing. Macdonald and Jane's. ISBN 0-354-08536-0.
  9. ^ "NEWMARKET TWO THOUSAND". Marlborough Express. 4 May 1917. Retrieved 18 February 2012.
  10. ^ "NOTES BY AMBER AND BLACK". Feilding Star. 17 October 1918. Retrieved 18 February 2012.
  11. ^ "Sporting. TURF NOTES". Townsville Daily Bulletin. 17 May 1917. Retrieved 18 February 2012.
  12. ^ "SPORTING". The Register (Adelaide). 22 September 1917. Retrieved 18 February 2012.
  13. ^ "SPORTING". Poverty Bay Herald. 1 August 1917. Retrieved 18 February 2012.
  14. ^ "NEWMARKET SEPTEMBER STAKES". Hawera & Normanby Star. 13 September 1917. Retrieved 18 February 2012.
  15. ^ a b "General Gossip". Western Mail (Perth). 14 December 1917. Retrieved 18 February 2012.
  16. ^ "NOTES AND COMMENTS". Evening Post. 16 February 1918. Retrieved 18 February 2012.
  17. ^ a b Leicester, Sir Charles (1974). Bloodstock Breeding. London: J.A. Allen & Co. p. 227. ISBN 085131 129 6.
  18. ^ Morris, Tony; Randall, John (1999). A Century of Champions. Portway Press. ISBN 1-901570-15-0.
  19. ^ "THE TURF". Feilding Star. 14 August 1918. Retrieved 18 February 2012.
  20. ^ Morris, Tony; Randall, John (1990). Horse Racing: Records, Facts, Champions(Third Edition). Guinness Publishing. ISBN 0-85112-902-1.
  21. ^ "Problem – Family 1-g". Bloodlines.net. Retrieved 18 February 2012.