Foreign relations of Kosovo

Politics of Kosovo
Constitution and law
Executive
Legislature
Judiciary
Administrative divisions
Recent elections
Foreign policy

Foreign relations of Kosovo are accomplished by efforts of the Ministry of Foreign Affairs of Kosovo. Kosovo operates 33 embassies abroad and is host to 22 embassies in Pristina. Kosovo has membership in several international organisations.

On 17 February 2008, members of the Assembly of Kosovo declared independence from Serbia. This move was controversial among the international community. International supervision over the direction of the assembly ended in September 2012,[1] and Kosovo became responsible for its own governance.[2] The Republic of Kosovo has been recognised by 118 UN member states, the Republic of China (Taiwan), the Cook Islands, and Niue. Serbia and other member states consider Kosovo as an autonomous region of Serbia.

The current Foreign Minister of Kosovo is Donika Gërvalla-Schwarz.

Status of diplomatic relations

The Ministry of Foreign Affairs of the Republic of Kosovo has initiated the process of establishing diplomatic relations with all states that have recognised Republic of Kosovo, either by opening new missions or through accreditation of non-resident ambassadors to these countries.[3]

Diplomatic relations

# Country[4] Date
1  United States 18 February 2008
2  France 18 February 2008
3  Albania 18 February 2008
4  Turkey 18 February 2008
5  United Kingdom 18 February 2008
6  Germany 20 February 2008
7  Austria 28 February 2008
8  Denmark 6 March 2008
9  Monaco 19 March 2008
10  Sweden 28 March 2008
11   Switzerland 28 March 2008
12  Belgium 10 April 2008
—  Nauru (suspended) 23 April 2008
13  Estonia 24 April 2008
14  Italy 15 May 2008
15  Slovenia 15 May 2008
16  Australia 21 May 2008
17  Bulgaria 27 May 2008
18  Latvia 11 June 2008
19  Hungary 27 June 2008
20  Netherlands 27 June 2008
21  Czech Republic 16 June 2008
22  Croatia 30 June 2008
23  Lithuania 1 September 2008
24  Norway 25 October 2008
25  Ireland 11 November 2008
26  Finland 2 February 2009
27  Japan 25 February 2009
28  Palau 25 March 2009
29  Canada 7 April 2009
30  Maldives 16 April 2009
31  Saudi Arabia 7 August 2009
32  North Macedonia 18 October 2009
33  New Zealand 9 November 2009
34  Montenegro 15 January 2010
35  United Arab Emirates 27 April 2010
36  Mauritania 14 September 2010
37  Honduras 2 December 2010
38  Qatar 7 January 2011
39  Oman 4 February 2011[5]
40  Malaysia 23 May 2011
41  Luxembourg 16 June 2011
42  Saint Lucia 19 August 2011
43  Andorra 14 September 2011
44  Malta 22 September 2011
45  Portugal 14 November 2011
46  San Marino 3 May 2012
47  Iceland 15 May 2012
48  Liechtenstein 28 June 2012
—  Ghana (suspended) 4 October 2012
49  Burkina Faso 6 December 2012
50  Dominica 12 December 2012
51  Kuwait 16 January 2013
52  Niger 25 January 2013
53  Pakistan 27 January 2013
54  Fiji 13 February 2013
55  Djibouti 19 May 2013
56  Jordan 5 June 2013
57  Guyana 13 June 2013
58  Afghanistan 17 June 2013
59  Panama 28 August 2013
60  Federated States of Micronesia 19 September 2013
61  Costa Rica 23 September 2013
62  Grenada 25 September 2013
63  Marshall Islands 28 October 2013
64  Thailand 22 November 2013
65  Senegal 14 February 2014
66  Bahrain 12 March 2014
67  Gabon 19 March 2014
68  Tanzania 2 April 2014
69  Libya 5 May 2014
70  Vanuatu 19 May 2014
—  Togo (suspended) 27 July 2014
71  El Salvador 10 October 2014
—  Solomon Islands (suspended) 27 April 2015
—  Cook Islands 18 May 2015
72  Comoros 28 May 2015
73  Somalia 28 May 2015
—  Niue 23 June 2015
—  Sierra Leone (suspended) 24 November 2015
74  Saint Kitts and Nevis 4 March 2016
75  Belize 29 April 2016
76  Malawi 21 July 2016
77  Ivory Coast 24 August 2016
78  Gambia 22 September 2016
79  Singapore 1 December 2016
80  Tuvalu[6] 2016
81  Brunei 20 February 2017
82  Samoa 10 June 2017
83  Bangladesh[7] 16 February 2018
84  Barbados[8] 9 March 2018
85  Chad[9] 27 May 2018
86  Liberia[9] 27 May 2018
87  Guinea-Bissau[10] 10 June 2018
88  Antigua and Barbuda[11] 24 July 2019
89  Colombia[12] 1 October 2019
90  Guinea[13] 20 June 2020
91  Israel[14] 1 February 2021
92  East Timor[15] 9 March 2022
93  Tonga[16] 17 April 2024

Consular relations

# Country Date
1  Poland 8 November 2022[17]

Membership in international organisations

International Organisation Political Entity Represented Application date Admission date Status
During United Nations administration
Southeast European Cooperative Initiative (SECI) UNMIK [when?] Observer[18]
South East Europe Transport Observatory (SEETO) Kosovo*[19][20] 11 June 2004[21] Member
Energy Community Kosovo*[22][23] 1 July 2006 Member
European Common Aviation Area (ECAA) UNMIK 30 November 2006 Member
Central European Free Trade Agreement (CEFTA) UNMIK 6 April 2006 26 July 2007[24] Member
After the Declaration of Independence
International Monetary Fund (IMF) Republic of Kosovo 10 July 2008[25] 29 June 2009[26] Member
World Bank (WB) Republic of Kosovo 10 July 2008[27] 29 June 2009[28] Member
Adriatic Charter Kosovo*[29] 29 March 2012[30] 2012[31][32][33] Observer
European Bank for Reconstruction and Development (ERBD) Republic of Kosovo[34] 2010 or 2009[35][when?] 17 December 2012[36] Member
Regional Cooperation Council (RCC)[37] Kosovo*[38][39][40] 23 February 2013[41] Member[42]
Council of Europe Development Bank (CEB) Republic of Kosovo 14 June 2013[43] Member
Venice Commission Republic of Kosovo 13 June 2014[44] Member
Organisation internationale de la Francophonie (OIF) Republic of Kosovo[45] 29 November 2014[46] Observer
South-East European Cooperation Process (SEECP) Kosovo*[47] 23 May 2015[48] Member
Parliamentary Assembly of the Council of Europe (PACE) Kosovo* 28 January 2016[49] Observer
Egmont Group of Financial Intelligence Units Republic of Kosovo 1 February 2017[50] Member
World Customs Organization (WCO) Republic of Kosovo 3 March 2017[51] Member
Permanent Court of Arbitration (PCA) Republic of Kosovo 6 November 2015[52] 5 January 2016[53][54] Member
European Qualifications Framework Advisory Group (EQF) Republic of Kosovo 18 December 2015[55][56][57] Member
International Federation of Arts Councils and Culture Agencies (IFACCA) Republic of Kosovo 21 February 2017[58] Member
Bureau of International Expositions (BIE) Republic of Kosovo 18 March 2017[59] Member
Assemblée parlementaire de la francophonie (APF) Republic of Kosovo 9 July 2018 [60][61] Observer
Organisation internationale de la Francophonie (OIF) Republic of Kosovo 9 October 2018 [62] 11 October 2018[63] Associate
European Political Community (EPC) Kosovo* 6 October 2022[64] Member
International Commission on Missing Persons Republic of Kosovo 19 July 2023[65][66] Member
NATO Parliamentary Assembly Kosovo 24 March 2024[67] Associate

Ongoing applications

Enver Hoxhaj, Kosovo's Minister of Foreign Affairs during 2011–14 and 2016–17, stated in November 2013 that the country was considering making applications for membership in three United Nations specialized agencies in the first half of 2013,[68] and that an application for membership of the Council of Europe in 2014 was being prepared.[69] Deputy Prime Minister Hashim Thaçi reiterated the state's desire to join in December 2014.[70] Kosovo is also preparing a membership application for the World Trade Organization.[71] Joining NATO's Partnership for Peace is a priority of the government.[72] Hoxhaj said in 2014 that Kosovo's goal is to be a full UN member state by 2020 and a NATO member state by 2022.[73][74] On 15 December 2022 Kosovo filed a formal application to become a member of the European Union.[75]

International Organisation Political Entity Represented Application date
Council of Bureaux (CoBx) Republic of Kosovo 2011[76]
NATO Partnership for Peace (PfP) Republic of Kosovo July 2012[77]
International Criminal Police Organization (INTERPOL) Republic of Kosovo April 2015[78]
Council of Europe (CoE) Republic of Kosovo 12 May 2022[79]
European Union (EU) Republic of Kosovo 15 December 2022[80][81]

Names used to represent Kosovo

Map of the Republic of Kosovo

Kosovo is represented under the name:

  • "Republic of Kosovo";
  • "Kosovo*" (with an asterisk),

depending on the particular international forum. A list is set out above. The name "Republic of Kosovo" is self-explanatory and is the preferred nomenclature of the Pristina Government. The name "Kosovo*" with an asterisk is used in other fora. Where this name is used, the asterisk is linked to a footnote which reads:

This designation is without prejudice to positions on status and is in line with UNSCR 1244 and the ICJ opinion on Kosovo Declaration of Independence.[82][83][84]

This "Kosovo*" designation was the outcome of an arrangement agreed to between Pristina and Belgrade in talks mediated by the European Union. This arrangement, which has been dubbed the "asterisk agreement" was agreed in an 11-point arrangement agreed on 24 February 2012.[85]

"UNMIK" is an acronym for the United Nations Interim Administration Mission in Kosovo, which has joined several organizations on behalf of Kosovo.

International treaties and conventions

International treaty or convention Political Entity Represented Signature Ratification
Free Trade Agreement with Albania UNMIK 7 July 2003[86] 1 October 2003[87]
Free Trade Agreement with North Macedonia UNMIK 2 February 2006[87]
Free Trade Agreement with Croatia UNMIK 28 September 2006[87] 1 November 2006[87][88]
Free Trade Agreement with Bosnia and Herzegovina UNMIK 19 October 2006[87] 1 December 2006[87][88]
EU Pan-EURO-MED RoO convention[89] Kosovo under UNSCR 1244
Free Trade Agreement with Turkey Kosovo 27 September 2013 1 September 2019[90]
Stabilisation and Association Agreement (SAA) with the EU Kosovo 22 October 2015[91]
UK/Kosovo: Partnership, Trade and Cooperation Agreement Kosovo 20 December 2019
EU Schengen Area non-visa agreement[92] Kosovo 26 April 2023 [93]
13 agreements and declarations with Albania Kosovo 6 July 2023 [94]

See also

References

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  2. ^ "Sixteenth and final meeting of the International Steering Group for Kosovo" (PDF). International Civilian Office. 10 September 2012. Archived from the original (PDF) on 22 October 2013. Retrieved 6 January 2013.
  3. ^ Kosova and Liechtenstein to establish diplomatic relations, Ministry of Foreign Affairs of the Republic of Kosovo, 2012-06-28
  4. ^ Gëzim Visoka (2018). Acting Like a State: Kosovo and the Everyday Making of Statehood. Abingdon: Routledge. pp. 219–221. ISBN 9781138285330.
  5. ^ "Oman establishes Kosovo diplomatic ties". Khaleej Times. Retrieved 9 February 2024.
  6. ^ "Europe". Archived from the original on 9 August 2022. Retrieved 9 August 2022.
  7. ^ "Bangladesh, Kosovo establish diplomatic ties". Daily Sun. 18 February 2018. Retrieved 25 July 2021.[permanent dead link‍]
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  13. ^ "President Thaçi received the letters of credence of the non-residential Ambassador of Guinea to Kosovo". 20 February 2020. Retrieved 25 May 2023.
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  19. ^ Before 2013 UNMIK.
  20. ^ "SEETO Participants". Archived from the original on 10 February 2018. Retrieved 20 February 2015.
  21. ^ "SEETO – South-east Europe Transport Observatory". Retrieved 20 February 2015.
  22. ^ Before April 2013 membership was assigned to UNMIK.
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  27. ^ "Kosovo Application for Membership in World Bank" (Press release). World Bank. 2008-07-15. Archived from the original on May 20, 2015. Retrieved 2009-06-29. In the letter dated July 10, 2008, Kosovo applied for membership in the International Bank for Reconstruction and Development, the International Development Association, the International Finance Corporation, the Multilateral Investment Guarantee Agency, and the International Centre for Settlement of Investment Disputes.
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  34. ^ Kosovo joins EBRD: "...majority decision to include the Republic of Kosovo as member.", Estonia MFA
  35. ^ "Row heats up over Kosovo EBRD bid". Retrieved 20 February 2015.
  36. ^ EBRD – Our shareholders
  37. ^ Formerly the Stability Pact for South Eastern Europe
  38. ^ Before 28 February 2013 membership was assigned to the UNMIK.
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Amazon Yang Terluka, oleh Franz von Stuck (1903). Suku Amazon (Yunani: Ἀμαζόνες, Amazónes, tunggal Ἀμαζών, Amazōn) adalah suatu suku bangsa yang seluruhnya adalah perempuan pada Era Klasik dan dalam mitologi Yunani. Menurut Herodotos, suku Amazon ada di daerah perbatasan Skithia di Sarmatia (Ukraina modern). Para historigrafer lainnya berpendapat bahwa suku Amazon menghuni Asia Minor,[1] Libya,[2] atau India.[3] Ratu Amazon yang terkenal di antara...

Adolescence

Pour les articles homonymes, voir Adolescent (homonymie). Adolescents polonais. L'adolescence (du latin ădŏlēscēns, -centĭa, « croissant, grandissant, se développant ») est une phase du développement humain physique et mental qui se produit pendant la période de la vie humaine s'étendant de la puberté jusqu'à l'âge adulte. Les critères de définition de l'adolescence ont varié au fil de l'histoire. L'entrée dans l'adolescence est généralement marquée par les cha...

 

 

Resin

Kemenyan jawa, salah satu macam resin Tetesan resin yang membeku Resin, gala, ludan,atau embalau adalah eksudat (getah) yang dikeluarkan oleh banyak jenis tetumbuhan, terutama oleh jenis-jenis pohon runjung (konifer). Getah ini biasanya membeku, lambat atau segera, dan membentuk massa yang keras dan, sedikit banyak, transparan. Resin dipakai orang terutama sebagai bahan pernis, perekat, pelapis makanan (agar mengilat), bahan campuran dupa dan parfum, serta sebagai sumber bahan mentah bagi bah...

 

 

Torre piezométrica

Torre piezométrica de la hidroeléctrica Isawa II La chimenea de equilibrio o pozo de oscilación es una estructura complementaria en algunas centrales hidroeléctricas y estaciones de bombeo destinada a absorber las sobrepresiones y subpresiones causadas por el golpe de ariete en galerías o túneles. Es una tubería vertical o depósito de almacenamiento, abierto o cerrado, situado en el trazado de una canalización cerrada, utilizado para absorber aumentos repentinos de presión, así com...

Archival Disc

Optical disc designed by Sony and Panasonic meant for data archiving Not to be confused with Optical Disc Archive. This article needs to be updated. Please help update this article to reflect recent events or newly available information. (October 2019) Archival DiscMedia typeOptical discEncodingSame as Blu-Ray for data, different disc metadata formatCapacity300 GB, 500 GB, 1 TB[1]Block size2048 bytesRead mechanism155-405 nm diode laser, Numerical Aperture...

 

 

Assiniboine

First Nations people native to the northern Great Plains of North America For other uses, see Assiniboine (disambiguation). Ethnic group AssiniboineTwo Assiniboine warriors, painted by Karl BodmerTotal population3,500[1]Regions with significant populationsCanada (Manitoba, Saskatchewan and Alberta)United States (North Dakota and Montana)LanguagesAssiniboine, EnglishReligiontraditional tribal religion, Sun Dance,Native American Church, ChristianityRelated ethnic groupsDakota, Stoney ...

 

 

تركي بن عبد الله بن عبد العزيز آل سعود

  هذه المقالة عن الأمير تركي ابن الملك عبد الله. لالإمام تركي بن عبد الله مؤسس الدولة السعودية الثانية، طالع تركي بن عبد الله آل سعود. صاحب السمو الملكي الأمير تركي بن عبد الله بن عبد العزيز آل سعود امير منطقة الرياض في المنصب14 مايو 2014 – 29 يناير 2015 خالد بن بندر بن عبد ال�...

توماس كليبورن

هذه المقالة يتيمة إذ تصل إليها مقالات أخرى قليلة جدًا. فضلًا، ساعد بإضافة وصلة إليها في مقالات متعلقة بها. (ديسمبر 2020) توماس كليبورن   معلومات شخصية الميلاد 17 مايو 1780   مقاطعة برونزويك  الوفاة 7 يناير 1856 (75 سنة)   ناشفيل  مكان الدفن تينيسي  مواطنة الولايات المتحد...

 

 

Sadiq Khan

Sadiq Khan Sindaco di LondraIn caricaInizio mandato9 maggio 2016 PredecessoreBoris Johnson Parlamentare del Regno UnitoDurata mandato5 maggio 2005 –9 maggio 2016 PredecessoreTom Cox SuccessoreRosena Allin-Khan CollegioTooting Dati generaliPrefisso onorificoThe Right Honourable Partito politicoLaburista UniversitàLondon Metropolitan University Sadiq Aman Khan (Londra, 8 ottobre 1970) è un politico e avvocato britannico, sindaco di Londra dal 9 maggio 2016. Dal ...

 

 

直木松太郎

この記事は検証可能な参考文献や出典が全く示されていないか、不十分です。 出典を追加して記事の信頼性向上にご協力ください。（このテンプレートの使い方）出典検索?: 直木松太郎 – ニュース · 書籍 · スカラー · CiNii · J-STAGE · NDL · dlib.jp · ジャパンサーチ · TWL (2013年8月) 直木松太郎 直木 松太郎（なおき まつたろう、1...

John Collier (painter)

British Pre-Raphaelite painter and writer The HonourableJohn CollierOBE RP ROIJohn Collier by his first wife Marian, née Huxley, 1882BornJohn Maler Collier27 January 1850Paddington, Middlesex, EnglandDied11 April 1934 (aged 84)North House, Eton Avenue, London, EnglandEducationEton; Slade School of Fine ArtKnown forPainterMovementPre-Raphaelite; OrientalistSpouses Marian Huxley Ethel Huxley The Laboratory (1895) from Robert Browning's classic revenge poem. Now in the collection of The Ar...

 

 

تمويل دولي

هذه المقالة بحاجة لصندوق معلومات. فضلًا ساعد في تحسين هذه المقالة بإضافة صندوق معلومات مخصص إليها. التمويل الدولي (بالإنجليزية: International finance)‏ يدرس تدفقات رؤوس الأموال بين الدول. يعتبر التمويل الدولي فرعا أساسيا في الاقتصاد الدولي. تعريف التمويل الدولي هو فرع من فروع علم ال...