Education in Greece is centralized and governed by the Ministry of Education, Religious Affairs, and Sports (Greek: Υπουργείο Παιδείας, Θρησκευμάτων και Αθλητισμού, Υ.ΠΑΙ.Θ.Α.) at all grade levels in elementary, middle school, and high school.[1][2][3] The Ministry exercises control over public schools, formulates and implements legislation, administers the budget, coordinates national level university entrance examinations, sets up the national curriculum, appoints public school teaching staff, and coordinates other services.
The Ministry of Education and Religious Affairs[4] is also in charge of which classes are necessary for general education. They have implemented mandatory courses such as religion in required grade levels (1st-9th grades). Students can only be exempt if their guardians fill out a declaration excluding them from religious lessons.[5]
The national supervisory role of the Ministry is exercised through Regional Unit Public Education Offices, which are named Regional Directorates of Primary and Secondary School Education.[6][7][8][9][10] Public schools and their supply of textbooks are funded by the government. Public schools in Greece are tuition-free and students on a state approved list are provided textbooks at no cost.
About 25% of postgraduate programmes are tuition-fee, while about 30% of students are eligible to attend programmes tuition-free based on individual criteria.[11]
Formal education in Greece comprises three educational stages. The first stage of formal education is the primary stage, which lasts for six years starting aged six and ending at the age of 12, followed by the secondary stage, which is separated into two sub-stages: the compulsory middle school, which lasts three years starting at age 12, and non-compulsory Lyceum, which lasts three years starting at 15.[12] The third stage involves higher education.
School holidays in Greece include Christmas, Greek Independence Day, Easter, National Anniversary Day, a three-month summer holiday, National Public Holidays, and local holidays, which vary by region such as the local patron saint's day.
In addition to schooling, the majority of students attend extracurricular private classes at private tutoring centres called "frontistiria" (φροντιστήρια, frontistirio), or one-to-one tuition. These centres prepare students for higher education admissions, like the Pan-Hellenic Examinations, and/or provide foreign language education.
It is forbidden by law for students to use mobile phones while on the school premises. Taking or making phone calls, texting, or the use of other camera, video or other recording devices or medium that have image and audio processing ability like smartwatches is forbidden. Students must switch off their mobile phones or set them to silent mode and keep them in their bags while on the school premises.[13][14][15] However, especially at high schools, the use of mobile phones is widespread, especially at breaks and sometimes in the class.
(Pronipium, Nipiagogeium))
(Dimotiko)
(Gymnasium)
(Lyceum)
Most preschools, also known as pre-primary, are attached to and share buildings with a primary school. Preschool is compulsory and lasts 2 years, split into 1 year of Pre-kindergarten (Προνηπιαγωγείο) and 1 year of Kindergarten (Νηπιαγωγείο; Nipiagogeio).[16] Since the school year 2018–2019, children who would be four years of age by December 31 are required to begin attending preschool on September 11 of the same year.[a] Applications for registration and enrolment are usually carried out annually during fifteen consecutive days in May. After this period expires, students are neither allowed to register nor enroll.
There are also the public Special Preschools[18][19] and public Experimental Preschools (Πειραματικά Νηπιαγωγεία)[20][21][22]
In these school years, students are given descriptive assessments instead of number/letter grades.
Students begin taking English as part of their core curriculum in kindergarten. It has been scientifically proven that until the age of 11 it is more likely to successfully become proficient in a foreign language than any older age. This may be the reason many countries in the European Union begin learning a foreign language, specifically English, at the age of 5.[23]
Primary school (Δημοτικό σχολείο, Dimotiko scholeio) is compulsory for 6 years.[24][25][26] There is also the public Special Primary[18] and public Experimental Primary (Πειραματικό Δημοτικό).[20][21][22]
The school year starts on September 11 and ends on June 15. The standard school day starts at 08:15 and finishes at 13:15. It comprises six academic years of schooling named τάξεις (grades), numbered 1 through to 6. Enrollment to the next tier of compulsory education, the Gymnasium, is automatic. The classes for a subject vary with the teacher who teaches. Students are awarded an "Απολυτήριο Δημοτικού" (Apolytirio Dimotikou, primary school leaving certificate) which gives automatic admission to the lower secondary education (gymnasium).
In Year 1 and Year 2, students are not officially graded. Beginning with years 3 and 4, grades are ranked alphabetically from A to D. From year 5, when written exams are introduced, to year 6 it changes to numbers, going from 4, the lowest, to 10 the highest (best).
Αges are typical and can vary with the most common ages approximately:
Grade 1–6
Primary School National Curriculum
Gymnasium (Γυμνάσιο, Gymnasio, Lower Secondary Education School, middle school) is compulsory until the age of 15.
Article 16, Paragraph 3 of the Constitution of 1975 mandates that compulsory education must be at least nine years in length. This constitutional provision, which applies to all Greek children, was established in Law 309/1976, which also replaced classical Greek (katharevousa) with modern Greek (dimotiki) as the official language for teaching at all levels of education, and ceased to be a one-tier non-compulsory six years lower and upper secondary school, middle schools (pupils aged 12–18), and was converted to compulsory three-year lower secondary school for students aged 12–15 (middle school) and three-year non-compulsory upper secondary schools for students aged 15–18 (high school).
Admitted students can be up to 16-years-old, and they must have Primary Education School Certificate or its international equivalent. No entry exams are required. Schooling starts on September 11 and ends on early June before the first day of the Pan-Hellenic Examinations. The lessons end on May 31 so that the students will be able to study for their examinations in early June. The gymnasium school-awarded qualification "Απολυτήριο Γυμνασίου" (Apolytirio Gymnasium, gymnasium school leaving certificate, referred to simply as gymnasium certificate) at HQF (NQF) level 3, gives admission to the upper secondary education (lyceum). Gymnasium has three academic years of schooling known as "τάξη" (grade), numbered 1 through to 3. Ages are typical and can vary with the most common being between:[28][25][26][C]
The types of gymnasium in Greece are:
Gymnasium National Curriculum 2022‒2023[29]
In middle school English is mandatory all three years, while students can choose between French or German as the second foreign language that's required.[30]
Second Chance Adult School (SDE; Σχολείο Δεύτερης Ευκαιρίας; Σ.Δ.Ε.) is a Gymnasium level equivalent evening school[31][32][33] administered by the Ministry of Education, for adults who did not complete their lower secondary education (gymnasium) lasts two years with 25 hours per week.
Upper secondary school (Λύκειο, Lykeio, Upper Secondary Education School, Lyceum, High School: the US term for upper secondary school) is non-compulsory education lasting 3 years.
High schools starts on September 11 and ends on June 15. Lessons end in late May so that the students will be able to study for their examinations in June. Admitted students can be up to 20-year-old, while they must have Gymnasium Certificate or Lower Secondary Education School Certificate or its international equivalent. The Evening Lyceum (Εσπερινό) is for both adult students and underage working students lasts 3 years.[34][35] After having completed the 3rd grade, the graduates of the Lyceum are awarded the "Απολυτήριο Λυκείου" qualification (Apolytirio Lykeiou, Lyceum Apolytirio, upper secondary leaving certificate, high school diploma, referred to simply as lyceum certificate) at HQF(NQF) / EQF level 4, at ISCED level 3.[36][37] The marking scale on the Apolytirio Lykeiou (GPA) is set to a 20-point grading system, law 4610/2019.[38] The Lyceum Apolytirio is required for admission to Higher Education and to continue studies, and is an equivalent in level to the GCE Advanced Level.[39][40]
Students wishing to access study programmes in Higher Education must be both secondary education school graduates (lyceum or its equivalent) holding Apolytirio Lykeiou (lyceum certificate or its equivalent) and must take nationally set examinations officially entitled "Πανελλαδικές Εξετάσεις" (Pan-Hellenic Examinations, Panelladikes Eksetaseis) which is an externally assessed national standardized test (university matriculation examinations) given one time in any given school year, which also accept all adult ages for candidates. Apolytirio certificate grants the right to pursue entry to higher education at a later date by participating at the Pan-Hellenic Examinations. Ministry of Education bears the responsibility for the central organization of these matriculation examinations. Candidates exam in 4 subjects that have selected from the 3rd grade of lyceum, while different numerical value titled "συντελεστής βαρύτητας" (coefficient weight) has assigned to each of those subjects contributes differently towards the overall score.
Successful admission is determined through the combination of a) "Βαθμός Πρόσβασης", literally "the access score", that is the candidate's weighted average of the grades achieved in examinations, b) the candidate's "Βαθμός Προαγωγής και Απόλυσης" Β.Π.Α. represents the student's sum of all three Grade Point Average (GPA) earned in 1st, 2nd, 3rd Grade of lyceum each of these is multiplied by a given coefficient weight where the result is divided by two, Β.Π.Α. = (1st Grade GPA × 0.4 + 2nd Grade GPA × 0.7 + 3rd Grade GPA × 0.9) / 2, c) the candidate's "μηχανογραφικό δελτίο" (michanografiko deltio, application form) in which it states its preferences for the higher education institutions by priority order, d) the available number of places allocated in each academic department. The number of students that are admitted for each programme is determined annually by the Ministry of Education. As there are usually more applicants than places available in certain fields of study, students with the highest average exam results are selected, e) For admission to programmes requiring specialized knowledge or skills, special admission examinations are require in one or more certain subjects (such as fine arts, architecture, music studies, foreign languages, and others) or compulsory preparatory tests (such as medical assessment, fitness, sports, psychometric). "Βεβαίωση Πρόσβασης" (Vevaiosi Prosvasis, Access to Higher Education Certificate) is a document given to students soon after Pan-Hellenic Examinations results are released.
With the Law 2725/15-6-1999, article 34, paragraph 10, Government Gazette 121/A/17-6-1999,[41][42] high school graduate athletes from 17 to 30-year-old who have specific sport achievements they are admitted without Panhellenic Examinations entrance to anyone of their choice undergraduate department of the public Higher Education Institutions of Greece.
High schools in Greece designate school class levels based on the years of schooling of the student cohort, using 3 academic year levels, known as "τάξη" (grade), numbered 1 through to 3. Ages are typical and can vary with the most common being are between:
In high school English is also required all three years as part of general education courses, whereas secondary foreign languages like French or German are optional.[30]
The grading system in upper secondary schools is extended from 1 to 20 as opposed to 10 in middle school. The score of 20 is the equivalent to an A or 100 in the U.S.
The types of high schools (Λύκειο) in Greece are:
General High Schools (Γενικό Λύκειο; ΓΕ.Λ.; Geniko Lykeio).[43][44][45][46]
General High Schools Award the "Απολυτήριο Γενικού Λυκείου" (Apolytirio Genikou Lykeiou, General High School Apolytirio, General High School Certificate, Upper Secondary Leaving Certificate, General High School Diploma). It can be awarded in Orientation Groups requiring three different subjects. The second-grade students must choose one out of the two academic tracks named "Ομάδες Προσανατολισμού" (Orientation Groups), and the third-grade students one out of the three Orientation Groups. An Orientation Group is also known as a "Stream". Once a student has selected a Stream, they need to follow a sequence of subjects to complete their studies at the High School. If they wish, graduating students are eligible to exam in Pan-Hellenic Examinations on the three subjects of their chosen third-grade Orientation Group and Modern Greek Language and Literature.
Vocational High School (EPAL; Επαγγελματικό Λύκειο; ΕΠΑ.Λ.; Epagelmatiko Lykeio).[48][44][43][49][50][35][51][52][53][26] EPAL programme of study is designed in relation to the European Credit System for Vocational Education and Training (ECVET) and International Standard Classification of Occupations (ISCO).[54][55][56][57][58][59][60][61][62][63][64]
The EPAL has dual-diploma (also known as double-diploma)[46][65][66] studies comprises two separate programmes taken in parallel earning, both, two separate qualifications in their own right, a "Απολυτήριο Επαγγελματικού Λυκείου" (Apolytirio Epagelmatikou Lykeiou; Vocational High School Apolytirio; Vocational High School Diploma; i.e. High School Diploma; Upper Secondary Leaving Certificate) and a "Πτυχίο Επαγγελματικής Εκπαίδευσης και Κατάρτισης, Επιπέδου 4" (Ptychio of Vocational Education and Training at HQF (NQF) level 4; i.e. Diploma of Vocational Education and Training at HQF (NQF) level 4; also is called Specialization Diploma or Specialized Diploma). EPAL High School Diploma can be awarded in Orientation Groups (specializations or streams) requiring an advanced level in a number of four different subjects (advanced level subjects, or also known as high level subjects), depending on the group.[67][68][69][70][71][72]
The Grade 2 students must choose one of nine Orientation Groups, also known as "τομείς" sectors (penultimate year). The Grade 3 students must choose one of varying specializations (or specialties) titled "ειδικότητες" (final year, specialties corresponding those orientation groups offered in Grade 2). The chosen orientation group at the Grade 2 it is cannot switch at Grade 3. The Grade 2 subjects contributes only to the half of a full Grade 3 Specialty, and do not constitute a separate qualification. Until a maximum age up to 20-year-old lyceum graduates are exempted from all core subjects from Grades 2 and 3 of the EPAL High School and they can be directly admitted to EPAL Grade 2, meaning these students when will graduate, it will only be awarded EPAL Specialization Diploma.
EPAL High School Diploma is required for admission to Higher Education Institutes (HEIs) and to continue studies, and is an equivalent in level to the GCE Advanced Level.[39] Students normally select their chosen Specialty in fields relevant to intended study at the higher education, and in Pan-Hellenic Examinations, if they wish, exam in 4 advanced level subjects of the Grade 3.[73]
"Πτυχίο" is transliterated to "Ptychio" (Greek: Πτυχίο; Ptychio in dhimotiki from 1976–present; or defunct Πτυχίον; Ptychion in polytonic, katharevousa up until 1976). The Greek word "Πτυχίο" has translation into English as "Degree", it is a qualification term has common meaning in Greece. It signifies that it is a direct translation from the terminology in Greek as it appears in the Greek legislation. In Greece, the word "Πτυχίο" is commonly used for titles of study from different education levels (secondary, higher etc.). It must not confuse with its usage in the English language, whereby the word Degree refers to Higher Education qualification title only. Greece Universities' Degree is titled "Πτυχίο", transliterated to "Ptychio", signifies that it is a University Ptychio, Higher Education Ptychio, Level 6 Ptychio. EPAL Diploma of Vocational Education and Training at HQF level 4 standalone parchment is an Upper Secondary Education Ptychio, Level 4 Ptychio.
EPAL graduates have the option to choose Post-High School Year Apprenticeship Class ("Mathitia") by which it can upgrade the EPAL Diploma of Vocational Education and Training at HQF level 4 (Level 4 Ptychio) to Level 5. During the year, the students are working for 4 days in a workplace receiving stipend and attend 1 day at school classes. Since 2021–2022 academic year, the Post-High School Year Apprenticeship Class graduates having Diploma of Vocational Education and Training at level 5, after successful specific entrance examinations (κατατακτήριες εξετάσεις),[74] allows to them admission into the Higher Education (level 6) to an undergraduate programme relevant to their Post-High School Year Apprenticeship Class specialty.
Specialties of Structural Works, Environment and Architectural Design
1. Structural Engineer and Geoinformatics
Specialties of Αgriculture, Food and Environment
1. Crop Production Technician
2. Animal Production Technician
3. Food and Beverage Technology Technician
4. Floriculture and Landscape Architecture Technician
Specialties of Business Administration and Economics
1. Tourism Businesses Clerk
2. Marketing and Advertising Specialist
3. Clerk of Administration and Financial Services
4. Warehouse and Supply Systems Clerk (logistics)
Specialties of Applied Arts
1. Graphic Arts
2. Design-Interior Decorations
3. Furnishings and Wood Sculpture
4. Design and Production of Clothing
5. Restoration and Conservation of Works of Art
6. Silver-Gold-Smithing (Jewellery Designer-Maker)
Specialties of Electrical Engineering, Electronics and Automation
1. Technician of Electronics and Computer Systems, Installations, Networks and Telecommunications
2. Technician of Electrical Systems, Installations and Networks
Specialties of Mechanical Engineering
1. Automotive Technician
2. Aircraft Assembly Technician (aviation)
3. Technician of Thermal and Hydraulic Installationsand Technology of Oil and Natural Gas
4. Mechanical Engineering and Construction Technician
5. Technician of Refrigeration, Ventilation and Air Conditioning
Specialties of Maritime Professionals
1. Merchant Navy Engineer
2. Merchant Navy Master (Captain)
Specialties of Information Technology
1. Information Technology Applications Technician
2. Computer Engineer and Computer Networks Technician
Specialties of Health, Welfare and Wellbeing
1. Nursing Assistant
2. Pharmacy Assistant
3. Physiotherapy Assistant
4. Aesthetic Art (cosmetology)
5. Hairdressing Art (Hairdresser and Barber)
6. Assistant of Medical-Biological Laboratories
7. Assistant of Radiological Laboratories (radiography)
8. Infant Care Assistant (also referred to as Nursery Assistant)
9. Dental Assistant (also referred to as Dental Nursing Assistant)
(A total of three subjects must be selected)
(Orientation Group Subjects in total are 23 hours/week.One Orientation Group is chosen out of nine)
(Specialty Subjects in total are 23 hours/week.One Specialty is chosen based on the Orientation Grouphas already been studied previously at Second Grade.)
The Vocational School (EPAS) (Επαγγελματική Σχολή; ΕΠΑ.Σ.; 1952–Present) of Public Employment Service (DYPA)[75][76][77][78][79][80][81][82] is 2 years' duration. Also known as Apprenticeship Vocational School (Επαγγελματική Σχολή Μαθητείας, Epaggelmatiki Sxoli Mathitias), shortened to EPAS Apprenticeship. Since 2021, EPAS Apprenticeship is a lower secondary two-track education system, Dual VET (δυικό σύστημα επαγγελματικής εκπαίδευσης και κατάρτισης), having alternating periods in a school with theory classroom and at the workplace with work-(traineeship) practice experience (πρόγραμμα μάθησης σε εργασιακό χώρο), with terms are contractually regulated by law and labour agreement. Balance between school-and work-based training: in-company (ca. 70%) + school (ca. 30%). Student insurance and two-part agreement (σύμβαση μαθητείας) between the student and apprenticeship company are applied. Generally, the maximum number of students that can register in a given education programme is up to 20. Apprenticeship (Μαθητεία) is based on the German dual learning system which combines classroom education with paid practical work in a business. EPAS Apprenticeship is operated by Public Employment Service (DYPA).[83][84] The EPAS Apprenticeship provides its students in having an apprenticeship term work placement by finding and coordinating it. Students are entitled to receive at least the national minimum wage for their age. The majority of these students are classed as unskilled workers (entry-level). Admitted students are aged from 15 to 23-year-old maximum who must have completed the gymnasium school. The EPAS Apprenticeship awarded "Πτυχίο Επαγγελματικής Εκπαιδευσης και Κατάρτισης, Επιπέδου 3" (Ptychio of Vocational Education and Training, Level 3; i.e. Diploma of Vocational Education and Training at Level 3)[85][72][86][87][88] after qualifying examinations of the National Accreditation Examinations (Εξετάσεις Πιστοποίησης) will be held at EOPPEP examination centers.
The Experimental Vocational School (PEPAS; Greek: Πειραματική Επαγγελματική Σχολή; Π.ΕΠΑ.Σ.; 2021–Present),[91][92][93][94][95] is also known as Experimental Vocational Apprenticeship School, founded in 2021 by Public Employment Service (DYPA) in collaboration with German-Hellenic Chamber of Industry and Commerce and Institute of the Greek Tourism Confederation (INSETE). Eligible to apply are those aged 18 years old and over, holders of at least a lower secondary school leaving certificate (gymnasium) and have a verified knowledge of a foreign language (English or French or German) at level B2 in both written and spoken by holding a valid formal certificate.[96][97] As of 2021–2022 school year, there are provide the specialities Culinary Art Technician (cook), Food & Beverage Service,[98] Customer Service in the Tourism Business.
The grading system in upper secondary schools is extended from 1 to 20 as opposed to 10 in middle school. The score of 20 is the equivalent to an A or 100 in the U.S. (see grading systems by country).
Post-lyceum Year Apprenticeship Class (Μεταλυκειακό Έτος Τάξη Μαθητείας; 2016–Present) is provided by Vocational Lyceum (ΕPΑL).[99][100][101] Only EPAL graduates and Lyceum graduates hold EPAL Diploma of Vocational Education and Training at HQF level 4 are admitted to Post-lyceum Year Apprenticeship Class being regarded as a separate and distinctive stage of post-secondary education (i.e. Μετα-δευτεροβάθμιου Κύκλου Σπουδών). It includes 1 year post-secondary apprenticeship dual programme (non-tertiary; Dual VET two-track education system) having alternating periods in an EPAL school unit with classroom instruction (theory 1 day/week, 7 hrs per day) and at the workplace with work practice training (4 days/week, 7 hrs per day). All apprenticeships schemes should include a contract (i.e. Σύμβαση Μαθητείας), wage and social security rights/benefits to student which is a trainee referred to simply as "apprentice". EPAL Apprenticeship Class programmes are based on Public Employment Service (DYPA) at its dual learning principle and follow the same quality framework for apprenticeships. Graduates of the apprenticeship class will receive "Βεβαίωση Πιστοποίησης Μεταλυκειακού Έτους Τάξης Μαθητείας" (Certificate of Post-High School Year Apprenticeship Class).[102]
If they wish the Apprenticeship Class graduates are therefore eligible to take the National Accreditation Examinations (i.e. Εξετάσεις Πιστοποίησης) will be held at EOPPEP examination centers.[103][104][105][72] Once, they have been passed all examinations then are awarded "Πτυχίο Επαγγελματικής Ειδικότητας, Εκπαίδευσης και Κατάρτισης, Επιπέδου 5" (Ptychio of Vocational Education and Training, Level 5; i.e. Diploma of Vocational Education and Training at Level 5). With the law 4763/2020[101] the Post-High School Year Apprenticeship Class graduates having Diploma of Vocational Education and Training at Level 5, after successful specific entrance examinations (κατατακτήριες εξετάσεις),[74] allows to them admission into the Higher Education (level 6) to an undergraduate programme relevant to their Post-High School Year Apprenticeship Class specialty.
Vocational Lyceum 3 years (EPAL; Επαγγελματικό Λύκειο; ΕΠΑ.Λ.; 2006–Present)
The Model Vocational Lyceum (PEPAL) of TSAKOS Enhanced Education Nautical School (TEENS) (Πρότυπο Επαγγελματικό Λύκειο Τσάκος Ελληνικά Εκπαιδευτήρια Ναυτικών Σπουδών; Π.ΕΠΑ.Λ. ΤΕΕΝΣ; PEPAL TEENS; 2023–Present)[109][110] is the first in Greece non-profit, free of charge (without tuition), private Model Vocational Lyceum (PEPAL) located in the island of Chios with specialties of Maritime Professionals, Electrical Engineering, Electronics and Automation, owned and operated by company Tsakos Group of Companies[111] founded by shipowner Nikolas Tsakos.
Laboratory of Special Vocational Education (Εργαστήριο Ειδικής Επαγγελματικής Εκπαίδευσης; Ε.Ε.Ε.ΕΚ.), 6 years special education at HQF Level 2
Public Schools of Tourism Education (ΔΣΤΕ; Δημόσιες Σχολές Τουριστικής Εκπαίδευσης) are operated by Ministry of Tourism. Types are the 1.) Schools of Tourist Guides, 2.) Further-training Programmes of Employees in Tourism Sector (non-formal education), 3.) Schools of Advanced Vocational Training (SAEKs). The SAEKs comprise the specialties of: Culinary Art (cookery); Bakery and Pastry (baker and pâtissier); Tourism Units and Hospitality Businesses (front office / reception, floor service / housekeeping, commodity education); Specialist of Business Administration and Economics in the Tourism Field.[112]
Α School of Meat Professions (SEK; Σχολή Επαγγελμάτων Κρέατος; Σ.Ε.Κ.; 1977–Present) is accredited by the Ministry of Rural Development and Food. There are public and private schools of meat professions. The 300 hours programme has 85 hours theory classes at school and 100 hours laboratory classes (ca. 61.6%), 15 hours educational visits (ca. 5%), 100 hours in-company work-based training (internship, ca. 33.3%). The term is 5 hours per day, 5 days per week, for 12 consecutive weeks. The specialties of the School of Meat Professions are, Meat Processing Technician (meat cutter, butcher, Greek: κρεοπώλης), Animal Slaughter (Greek: εκδοροσφαγέας).[113][114]
Vocational Training Schools (ESK; Greek: Επαγγελματικές Σχολές Κατάρτισης; Ε.Σ.Κ.; 2020–Present)[76][115] is 2-year post-gymnasium vocational education and training school at HQF level 3. Admitted students must have completed the gymnasium school. It can be public, private, day or evening school. It awarded "Πτυχίο Επαγγελματικής Εκπαιδευσης και Κατάρτισης, Επιπέδου 3" (Ptychio of Vocational Education and Training, Level 3; i.e. Diploma of Vocational Education and Training at HQF level 3) after qualifying examinations of the National Accreditation Examinations will be held at EOPPEP examination centers.
Laboratory Centre (Εργαστηριακό Κέντρο; Ε.Κ.; 2013–Present), 3 years secondary education. Admitted students must have completed at least the lower secondary education school (gymnasium or its equivalent). Awarded "Βεβαίωση Επαγγελματικής Εκπαίδευσης" (literally "Certificate of Vocational Training"). Awarded "Πτυχίο Επαγγελματικής Ειδικότητας και Κατάρτισης, Επιπέδου 3" (Ptychio of Vocational Education and Training, Level 3; i.e. Diploma of Vocational Education and Training at HQF level 3) after qualifying examinations of the National Accreditation Examinations will be held at EOPPEP examination centers.
School of Advanced Vocational Training (S.A.E.K.; Σχολή Ανώτερης Επαγγελματικής Κατάρτισης; 2024–Present) (former Institute of Vocational Training (I.E.K.); Ινστιτούτο Επαγγελματικής Κατάρτισης; 1992–2024),[116][117][118][119] is 2 years adult post-secondary vocational education and training and 960 hours at a work placement (experiential learning, practicum). Admitted students must have completed at least the upper secondary education (lyceum). EOPPEP organization is the statutory body for the SAEKs.[120] The SAEK awarded "Δίπλωμα Επαγγελματικής Εκπαιδευσης και Κατάρτισης, Επιπέδου 5" (Diploma of Vocational Education and Training, Level 5) after qualifying examinations of the National Accreditation Examinations (Εξετάσεις Πιστοποίησης) will be held at EOPPEP examination centers. See a list of SAEK study programmes set out below, click on the "[show]":[121][122][123][124]
Higher education, also called tertiary, third stage, provided by Higher Educational Institutes (HEIs; Greek: Ανώτατα Εκπαιδευτικά Ιδρύματα; Α.E.I.)[125] and consist of Universities and specialist Academies, which primarily cater to the military.
There are public Higher Education Institutions (HEIs) and private Higher Education Institutions (HEIs) with the law 5094/2024, Government Gazette 39/A/13-3-2024,[126][127][128] which permits in Greece the establishment and operation of private Higher Education Institutions (HEIs). A fully-recognized private Higher Education Institution must obtain a Higher Education Accreditation by the National (Hellenic) Authority for Higher Education (HAHE)[129] and an official establishment and operating license by the Greek Ministry of Education. The public HEIs are mostly autonomous, but the government is responsible for their funding and the distribution of students to undergraduate programmes. The public HEIs[130] can be attended without charge of a tuition fee, textbooks, and for the majority of students meals are also provided for free. About 25% of postgraduate programmes of public HEIs have free tuition, while about 30% of students are eligible to attend programmes tuition-free based on individual criteria.[11][131] Each academic year is 32 weeks study programme, divided into two semesters of 16 weeks each.[132][133][134]
Some of the Greek public universities offer English-taught full-time programmes with tuition are: National and Kapodistrian University of Athens (NKUA) 4-year undergraduate programme in Archaeology, History, and Literature of Ancient Greece,[135][136][137] Aristotle University of Thessaloniki (AUTh) School of Medicine 6-year undergraduate programme for foreign citizens,[138][139][140] University of Piraeus, School of Economics, Business and International Studies, Department of International and European Studies, postgraduate programme titled Master of Science (MSc) American Studies: Politics, Strategy and Economics,[141][142] also the University Center of International Programmes of Studies (UCIPS) of the public International Hellenic University (IHU) offers English-taught postgraduate programmes.
There are also private colleges most usually have been authorised to offer foreign undergraduate and postgraduate programmes following franchise or validation agreements with collaborating universities established in other countries, primarily in the UK, leading to degrees awarded directly by those foreign universities.[143][144]
The formal education system includes the primary, secondary and higher education. The formal private education schools in Greece includes the primary, secondary and higher education. The bodies of "non-typical education" term (φορείς μη τυπικής εκπαίδευσης) are outside the formal education system, referred to as non-formal education, the well-known include:[145][146][147]
The National Qualification Framework (NQF) of Greece is officially named Hellenic Qualification Framework (HQF; Greek: Ελληνικό Πλαίσιο Προσόντων)[179][180] has an 8-level framework that unites non-formal and formal qualifications aligned to the appropriate levels from the National Organization for the Certification of Qualifications and Vocational Guidance (EOPPEP; Greek: Εθνικός Οργανισμός Πιστοποίησης Προσόντων και Επαγγελματικού Προσανατολισμού; Ε.Ο.Π.Π.Ε.Π.) and for qualifications granted by Higher Education Institutes (HEIs) in according to the Hellenic (National) Authority for Higher Education (HAHE; Greek: Εθνική Αρχή Ανώτατης Εκπαίδευσης; ΕΘ.Α.Α.Ε.).[181][182] The HQF is linked to the European Qualifications Framework (EQF) and to the Qualifications Framework in the European Higher Education Area (QF-EHEA). The HQF is the Greek Register of Regulated Qualifications (Μητρώο Ρυθμιζόμενων Τίτλων) provides information for the accredited awarding bodies and the regulated qualifications of study (officially recognized) in Greece. The learning-outcomes-based qualification frameworks level systems of HQF, EQF, ISCED have reference levels classify the learning outcomes into reflection of study load (the number of credit points), knowledge, skills, grant equal professional rights of level,[183] attainment covering formal and non-formal education recognized programmes which are designed within a national context and to make grades more comparable in an international context. See a list of HQF levels which is set out below, click on the "[show]":
Education schools are defunct after either closure or replacement, for example:[184]
Secondary Vocational Schools of Ministry of Education (Υ.ΠΑΙ.Θ.):
Higher Education Institutes of Ministry of Education:
Varied Schools:
Lyceums of Ministry of Education:
Information for Greece, Legislation and policy
Protection of Individuals with regard to the Processing of Personal Data
Protection of personal data and privacy in the electronic telecommunications sector and amendment of law 2472/1997 Government Gazette 50/10-4-1997
Listing of public model schools and public experimental schools across Greece (a total of 112) include, preschool, primary, lower secondary (gymnasium), upper secondary (lyceum)
Advancement of school education and other provisions
Admissions, transfers, studying and organization subjects of schooled life in the secondary education schools
Second Chance Adult School (SDE) is classified typical education system ‒ formal education
Chapter IX, Second Chance Adult School (SDE)
Synergies between Universities and TEIs, Admission to Higher Education (tertiary), Experimental secondary education schools, General archive of state and other provisions
UK Universities by Subject Area, Programme, HEI, Region
Chapter VII, Guides of Training and Certification of the Graduates, Article 43 and 44, Admission to the Higher Education at Level 6 of the Hellenic Qualification Framework
Chapter III, Post-Gymnasium Vocational Education and Training, Vocational Training Schools (ESK; Greek: Επαγγελματικών Σχολών Κατάρτισης - Ε.Σ.Κ.) and Vocational Schools (EPAS; Greek: Επαγγελματικές Σχολές - ΕΠΑ.Σ.) of the Apprenticeship Workforce Employment Organization – OAED (with the law 49/2022 has renamed to Public Employment Service – DYPA)
With the Law 49/2022, Part II, Chapter I, Article 3(1)(2), Government Gazette 75/A/18-4-2022, hitherto known as OAED – Workforce (or Manpower) Employment Organization (ΟΑΕΔ – Οργανισμός Απασχόλησης Εργατικού Δυναμικού) has changed its name to DYPA – Public Employment Service (ΔΥΠΑ – Δημόσια Υπηρεσία Απασχόλησης). DYPA Vocational School (EPAS) is also known as: DYPA Apprenticeship Vocational School (EPAS), shortened to DYPA EPAS Apprenticeship or DYPA EPAS; DYPA Professional School; DYPA Trade School.
DYPA Experimental Vocational Apprenticeship School (PEPAS) specialties include Culinary Art Technician (cook, Τεχνίτης Μαγειρικής Τέχνης), Food & Beverage Technician (Food & Beverage Service, Τεχνίτης Επισιτισμού), Customer Service in the Tourism Business (Υπαλλήλος Εξυπηρέτησης Πελατών Τουριστικών Επιχειρήσεων), the DYPA Experimental Vocational Apprenticeship School (PEPAS) operates in Athens, Thessaloniki, Corfu, Crete, Mytilene, Patras and Rhodes
DYPA Experimental Vocational School (PEPAS) is also known as: DYPA Experimental Vocational Apprenticeship School (PEPAS), DYPA Experimental EPAS, DYPA Experimental Apprenticeship EPAS, DYPA PEPAS, DYPA Apprenticeship PEPAS.
The good language level is at level B2. A formal foreign language competency certificate, at the time of submission attached to an application, it must to be issued not more than twelve (12) consecutive months before the date of submission. The formal foreign language competency certificate has a twelve consecutive months validity limit for use from the completion of the time has issued. After its last day of validity this competency certificate expires loses its validity and is void.
Post-Lyceum Year Apprenticeship is only for Vocational Lyceum (EPAL) graduates
Chapter VI, Post-secondary Vocational Education and Training – Post-lyceum Apprenticeship Class
Chapter V, Post-secondary Vocational Education and Training – Institute of Vocational Training (IEK)
Framework and regulations for postgraduate studies
As of 24/09/2012, undergraduate, postgraduate and doctoral students of all Higher Education Institutes (HEIs) of the Greece country can apply online for a new academic identity card
Non-typical education providers, Development of Lifelong Learning and other provisions
Amendments for non-typical education providers
GSEVEE in Athens (main), GSEVEE Branches: Thessaloniki, Patra, Heralkion, Larissa, Ioannina. Seminars: Plumber, Insulator, Locksmith, Lift Technician, Olive Technician, Furniture Makers, Butcher – Meat Cutter, Hygiene and Safety of Food (EFET), Electric Charges of Electric Vehicles, Aluminum and Iron Construction Technicians, Air-Conditioning and Refrigerating Technician, Technical Training of Professional Dry Cleaning, Technician of Biologic and Ecological Cultivation, Technical Training of Glass Handling Technician, Replacement for Air Conditioning Unit Coolant of Automobile, Basic Training for Real Estate Agents and Building Administrators, Chemical Cleaning and Disinfection of Air Conditioning Units (A/C), Procedures and Applications for Disinfection of Domestic and Commercial Establishment, Others
Chapter IX, Article 63: Centre of Continuing Education and Lifelong Learning (KEDIVIM), Greek: Κέντρο Επιμόρφωσης και Δια Βίου Μάθησης (Κ.Ε.Δι.Βι.Μ.), of the Higher Education Institutions (HEIs) belong to the Centres of Lifelong Learning (KDBM)
Chapter VIII, Hellenic Qualification Framework
The National Qualification Framework (NQF) of Greece is named Hellenic Qualification Framework (HQF), Greek: Εθνικό Πλαίσιο Προσόντων
Εθνική Αρχή Ανώτατης Εκπαίδευσης (ΕΘ.Α.Α.Ε.) / Hellenic Authority for Higher Education (H.A.H.E.), special accounts for research funds of High Education Institutes (HEIs), research and technological bodies and other provisions
Greece, Chalkida Association of Primary and Kindergarten Teachers agrees and supports the kindergarten teacher (νηπιαγωγός) Soultana Iordanopoulou (Σουλτάνα Ιορδανοπούλου) of the First Kindergarten School of Agios Nikolaos in Chalkida, Evia (1ου Νηπιαγωγείου Αγίου Νικολάου Χαλκίδας) who brought outside a 4-year-old girl pupil without her coat in the cold to punish her refused the access into the classroom on 26 January 2021
Τρίτη 26 Ιανουαρίου 2021, απάνθρωπη συμπεριφορά σε τεσσάρων ετών κοριτσάκι από την νηπιαγωγό Σουλτάνα Ιορδανοπούλου του Πρώτου Νηπιαγωγείου Αγίου Νικολάου Χαλκίδας, Εύβοια
As revised by the parliamentary resolution of 27 May 2008 of the Eighth Revisionary Parliament
The Constitution of Greece – The Ninth Revisionary Parliament of the Hellenes Resolves on 25 November 2019
On 26 February 2021 prosecutor ordered a preliminary investigation into allegations of abuse at the private school Arsakeio, made by a group of former students against teachers. In a letter signed by 285 alumni who were at the school between 1994-2018, they said teachers "systematically exploited and insulted the sexual dignity of students with their unethical behaviour", and called for them to be removed.
Notice: when click on the hyperlink title then it will be automatically downloaded the archived zip file
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