British Rail Classes 316 and 457

British Rail Classes 316 and 457
67300 at Electric Railway Museum, Warwickshire
In service	1989 (as Class 457) 1990 (as Class 316)
Manufacturer	British Rail Engineering Limited
Built at	Derby Litchurch Lane Works
Family name	BR Second Generation (Mark 3)
Number built	1
Formation	4 cars
Operators	Network SouthEast
Specifications
Electric system(s)	750 V DC third rail 25 kV 50 Hz AC overhead lines (Class 316)
Current collector(s)	Contact shoe (Class 457) Pantograph (Class 316)
Track gauge	1,435 mm (4 ft 8+1⁄2 in) standard gauge

Class 316 and Class 457 were TOPS classifications assigned to a single electric multiple unit (EMU) at different stages of its use as a prototype for the Networker series.

Project

In the late 1980s, the Network SouthEast division of British Rail, which operated the railway network in South East England, started to develop a new standard train, known as the Networker. To test out the technical arrangements for the Networker, a test train was used, converted from former Class 210 carriages, which were built in 1982 by Derby Litchurch Lane Works as prototype 'Second Generation' Diesel Electric Multiple Unit (DEMU), but were withdrawn after a few years.

Class 457

Initially the test unit was formed for trials on the 750 V DC third rail system of the Southern Region, and was numbered 457001. As with all Southern Region electric multiple units only the last four digits of the unit number were actually carried. The unit formation was:

Vehicle Number	Vehicle Type	From unit
67300	DMSO	210001
67400	TSO	210002
67401	TSO	210001
67301	DMSO	210002

Class 316

Later, the unit was altered to undertake trials on the 25 kV 50 Hz AC overhead line system used on electrified lines north of the River Thames. The unit was renumbered as a Class 316 unit, number 316999. To enable it to work on the AC electrification, a pantograph trailer from a Class 313 unit 313034 was inserted into the set, replacing one of the intermediate trailers. This spare vehicle (no. 67400) has since been incorporated into a Class 455/9 DC suburban unit, replacing a damaged Trailer Second Open (TSO) vehicle.

The unit formation was:

Vehicle Number	Vehicle Type	From unit
67300	DMSO	210001
71246	PTSO	313034
67401	TSO	210001
67301	DMSO	210002

Preservation

After the AC trials were complete, the set was returned to the Southern Region for storage, minus the Class 313 trailer, which returned to its previous formation. The two driving cars were preserved at the Electric Railway Museum, Warwickshire, one being resold to the Eversholt Rail Group and inserted into set 455913 in 2013 after being rebuilt at Wolverton railway works to replace a carriage destroyed in an accident.^[1] The vehicle (67301) was converted to a 455 MSO.^[2] The remaining intermediate trailer was scrapped.

Vehicle details are shown below:

Key:	In service	Scrapped	Preserved

Vehicle Number	Vehicle Type	Former Number	Disposal Details
67300	DMSO	60300	Preserved at East Kent Railway
67400	TSO	60400	Inserted into Class 455/9 unit 5912
67401	TSO	60401	Scrapped, Body still in one piece^{[clarification needed]}
67301	DMSO	60301	Converted to MSO and inserted into Class 455/9 unit 5913

Alternative uses of the Class 316 number

Class 316 was originally reserved in the British Rail Fleet List for an AC EMU for the Piccadilly to Victoria (Picc-Vic) underground line proposed for Manchester in the 1970s. The specifications and some outline design proposals for the new fleet was prepared at the Railway Technical Centre but never proceeded to tender with the project cancelled.

The Class 316 designation was also used in 1992 for a three car Class 307 EMU used as a testbed unit for new traction equipment.

References

Wikimedia Commons has media related to British Rail Classes 316 and 457.

^ "Repairs to 5913 completed" Today's Railways UK issue 138 June 2013 page 66
^ New Power Car for 5913 Southern Electric Group

v t e British Rail Networker family
Prototype	Class 316 Class 457
Diesel	Class 165 Class 166
Electric	Class 365 Class 465 Class 466
Proposed	Class 341/342 Class 371/381/471

v t e British Rail Engineering Limited Mark 3 derived family
Diesel	Class 150 Class 154 Class 210 Class 450 (NIR)
Electric	Class 316 Class 317 Class 318 Class 319 Class 320 Class 321 Class 322 Class 325 Class 442 Class 455 Class 456 Class 457
Hydrogen	Class 600
Multi-mode	Class 768 Class 769 Class 799

v t e Electric multiple units of Great Britain
AC units (300–399)	300 302 303 304 305 306 307 308 309 310 311 312 313 314 315 316 (I) 316 (II) 316 (III) 317 318 319 320 321 322 323 325 331 (I)¹ 331 (II) 332 333 334 341 342 345 350 (I)² 350 (II) 357 360 365 370 371 373 374 375 376 377 378 379 380 381 385 387 390 395 397
AC units DC units (700–899)	700 701 705³ 707 710 711 (I)³ 711 (II)⁴ 717 720 730 745 755⁵ 756⁵ 768⁵ 769⁵ 777 799⁵ 800⁵ 801 802⁵ 803 (I)⁶ 803 (II) 804⁷ 805⁵ 807 810⁵ 897
AC units (pre-TOPS)	AM1 AM2 AM3 AM4 AM5 AM6 AM7 AM8 AM9 AM10 AM11 LB&SCR CP LB&SCR CW LB&SCR SL MR Lancaster units
DC units (400–599)	401 402 403 404 405 410 411 412 413 414 415 416 418 419 420 421 422 423 424 427 430 431 432 438 442 444 445 446 447 450 455 456 457 458 460 465 466 471 480 482 (I) 482 (II) 483 484 485 486 487 488 489 499 (I) 501 502 503 504 505 506 507 508 510
DC units (original TOPS)	411 412 413 414 421 422 423 424 431 432 441 442 451 452 453 461 462 491 492
DC units (pre-TOPS)	LMS electric units LNER Tyneside units LNWR electric units LOR electric units LYR electric units Mersey Railway electric units MSJ&AR electric units NER electric units W&CR electric units
Battery units	BEMU 230⁵
Hydrogen units	600 614
Southern Railway designations	2-BIL 2-EPB 2-HAL 2-HAP 2-NOL 2-PAN 2-PEP 2-SAP 2-SL 2-TIS 2-WIM 3-CEP 3-CIG 3-COP 3-SUB 3-TC 3-TIS 4-BEP 4-BIG 4-BUF 4-CAP 4-CEP 4-CIG 4-COM 4-COR 4-DD 4-DES 4-EPB 4-GRI 4-JOP 4-LAV 4-PEP 4-PER 4-REP 4-RES 4-SUB 4-TC 4-TEP 4-VEC 4-VEG 4-VEP 4-VIP 4-VOP 5-BEL 5-DES 5-TCB 5-VEC 5-WES 6-CIT 6-PAN 6-PUL 6-REP 7-TC 8-DIG 8-GAT 8-MIG 8-VAB GLV MLV TLV
Miscellaneous units	398 399 499 (II) 555 599
Families	1959 design 1972 design Mark 2-derived Mark 3-derived A-Train APT Aventra Citylink Civity D-Train Desiro Electrostar FLIRT Coradia Juniper METRO Networker TGV Tube⁸ Velaro
Notes	1: Renumbered as Class 332 2: Renumbered as Class 325 3: Renumbered as Class 701 4: Renumbered as Class 720/6 5: Bi- or tri-mode unit 6: Renumbered as Class 802/2 7: Renumbered as Class 810 8: Grouping of different rolling stock types built to loading gauge of London Underground deep tube lines
British electric multiple units List of locomotives List of diesel multiple units List of electric multiple units List of departmental multiple units Rolling stock of Network SouthEast

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