Battle of Sarai Nurdin

Battle of Sarai Nurdin
Part of Mughal-Sikh Wars
DateJuly 28th 1739
Location
Sarai Nurdin, 6 km from Tarn Taran Sahib
Result Mughal Victory
Belligerents
Khalsa (Sikhs) Mughal Empire
Commanders and leaders
Bhai Bota Singh †
Bhai Garja Singh †		 Zakariya Khan
Jalal-Ud-Din
Strength
2[1] 100 [1]–1,000[2] cavalry
Casualties and losses
2 30+

The Battle of Sarai Nurdin was fought between the Khalsa's 2 Sikhs Bhai Bota and Bhai Garja Singh and the Mughal forces led by Subahdar (Governor) Zakariya Khan. This battle is one of the most important battles in Sikh history, and is one of the most significant battles after Banda Singh Bahadur's execution.

Background

Fresco of a Sikh warrior wearing blue clothes and turban with weapons in hands. Possibly a depiction of either Bota Singh or Garja Singh. Located at Khem Singh Bedi's haveli, ca.1850–1890

Zakariya Khan had slaughtered many Sikhs which had forced Sikhs to go into hiding. The Mughals believed that the Sikhs had all died. No skirmishes involving Sikhs were reported.[3][4]

Sikh tradition states 2 travellers had seen Bhai Bota Singh walking and had called him a coward and said he could not be a Sikh as he is hiding from the Mughals. After listening to their conversation, he thought to himself that he needed to fight and not hide.[5] [6] He then proceeded towards a road at Sarai Nurdin. There he created a checkpoint and a toll tax barrier which made travellers pay the Khalsa Regime Tax in order to pass. Another Sikh named Garja Singh joined Bota Singh and they started collecting the Khalsa Regime Tax. Zakariya Khan heard about this and immediately sent a Mughal force there under Jalal Din with 100-1000 Cavalry.[7][1][2]

Battle

Initially Jalal Din requested the Sikhs to surrender but they refused.[1] One Sikh had a wooden staff and the other Sikh had a spear and one-edged daggar. The Mughal forces were fully armed.[8] Both the Singhs fought with electrifying speed and beat all the soldiers who came to their way.[9] The Sikhs had killed around 20 soldiers without signs of exhaustion.[9] Since fighting in horses wasn't working, the Mughals decided to retreat and send soldiers on foot.[10] The staff Bhai Bota had was enough to damage the Mughal shields. Soon the Mughals realized that they can't fight the Sikhs in hand-to-hand combat so they finally brought in bullets. Even after being shot, the Sikhs tried their best to fight with one leg and they didn't give up until their last breath.[11]

References

  1. ^ a b c d Harbans Singh (1992–1998). The encyclopaedia of Sikhism. Patiala: Punjabi University. pp. 387–388. ISBN 0-8364-2883-8. OCLC 29703420.
  2. ^ a b Gandhi, Surjit (1999). Sikhs in the Eighteenth Century: Their Struggle for Survival and Supremacy. Singh Bros. p. 124. ISBN 9788172052171.
  3. ^ Bhangu, Rattan Singh (1914). Panth Prakash Vol.2 English Translation.
  4. ^ Bhangu 1914, p. 161.
  5. ^ Bhangu 1914, p. 163.
  6. ^ Sikh Digital Library (1919-10-05). Sikh Martyrs - Bhagat Lakshman Singh. Sikh Digital Library. Sikh Digital Library. p. 127.
  7. ^ Bhangu 1914, p. 163 and 165.
  8. ^ Bhangu 1914, p. 165.
  9. ^ a b "Bhai Bota Singh and Bhai Garja Singh". 24 January 2015.
  10. ^ Bhangu 1914, p. 169.
  11. ^ Bhangu 1914, p. 171.

See also


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