Anna Krauss

Anna Krauss (née Friese; 27 October 1884, Bogen[a] – 5 August 1943, Plötzensee Prison, Berlin)[1] was a German clairvoyant, fortune-teller and businesswomen who became a resistance fighter against the Nazi regime, through her association with a Berlin-based anti-fascist resistance group that was later called the Red Orchestra ("Rote Kapelle") by the Abwehr, during the Nazi regime.

Life

The Schulze-Boysen group in Germany

Krauss was a daughter of a farmer, Johann Friese. In 1911, Krauss married Hungarian Josef Krauss and had a son, Rudolf (born 1914).[2] Josef Krauss was killed in World War I, leaving her a widow. Krauss had a sister, Magda Friese, who lived in an apartment at Parkallee 10, Stahnsdorf. Krauss and her son lived in Berlin from 1920. To earn a living, she became a seamstress to eventually owning a sewing workshop. Since 1936, Krauss, who had undergone commercial training in her youth, had become the owner of a paint and varnish wholesaler in Berlin.[2]

Resistance

At the end of 1938, Krauss sheltered a young 22-year-old Jewish woman, Sophie Kuh (her later married name was Sophie Templer-Kuh [de]), who was waiting for a British visa.[3] She had gone to Berlin to visit the British embassy to extend her visa. Sophie Templer-Kuh would die in 2021, aged 104.[4]

In August 1941, Libertas Schulze-Boysen became a client of Krauss after being introduced by Heinrich Karbe, a newspaper journalist. Through Schulze-Boysen, Krauss met Toni Graudenz, wife of John Graudenz, as they both had apartments in Stahnsdorf, being neighbours. Krauss would eventually volunteer the use of her apartment to Graudenz, to host two mimeograph machines to produce anti-Nazi leaflets for the group.[5]

Memorial to Anna Krauss

Many of Krauss's customers were superstitious German officers looking for advice and as they described their upcoming campaigns, she would pass the details along to Schulze-Boyzen via Toni Graudenz who acted in the role of cutout. One of these German officers in that mold was Erwin Gehrts. Gehrts, a Colonel in the Luftwaffe, was interested in metaphysics and the occult and led a life that was extraordinary superstitious.[6] He regularly visited Krauss for advice.[6] Krauss read the fortunes of all the members of the resistance group to provide to provide and engender a steely backbone.[7] In a trance like state she would describe the future political future after the Nazis.[6]

Krauss was a full member of the Schulze-Boysen group and was fully informed of all their activities. She would also take part in distributing pamphlets and leaflets.[6] Krauss used her own apartment to host duplicate mimeograph machines that John Graudenz ran to create the leaflets that were known under the name AGIS.[8] Graudenz was responsible for the technical aspect of the production of leaflets and pamphlets that the group produced.[9]

Arrest

Krauss was arrested on 14 September 1942. She was tried by the 2nd Senate of the Reichskriegsgericht ("Military court") and it was announced on 12 February 1943 that she had been sentenced to death for "decomposing the military force". The execution took place on 5 August 1943, as part of a serial execution, during which 17 people, 3 men and 14 women, were guillotined.[10][11]

Notes

  1. ^ Occasionally an author may give her date of birth as 7 May 1879, but more often it is the latter.

References

  1. ^ Wesner, Marina; Strube, Dorothea (2007). "Das frauengefängnisin der barnimstrasse" (PDF). FHXB Friedrichshain-Kreuzberg Museum (in German). Association for the Study of the History of Kreuzberg. p. 4. Archived from the original (PDF) on 24 September 2015. Retrieved 14 April 2021.
  2. ^ a b Fieber, Hans-Joachim (2002). Widerstand in Berlin gegen das NS-Regime 1933 bis 1945: ein biographisches Lexikon (in German). Trafo Verlag. pp. 163–164. ISBN 978-3-89626-354-4. Retrieved 15 April 2021.
  3. ^ Nelson, Anne (2009). Red Orchestra. The Story of the Berlin Underground and the Circle of Friends Who Resisted Hitler. New York: Random House. p. 171. ISBN 978-1-4000-6000-9.
  4. ^ Ensikat, David (27 February 2021). "Heimatlos und guter Dinge" (in German). Berlin: Verlag Der Tagesspiegel GmbH. Der Tagesspiegel. Retrieved 20 April 2021.
  5. ^ Anne Nelson (7 April 2009). Red Orchestra: The Story of the Berlin Underground and the Circle of Friends Who Resisted Hitler. Random House Publishing Group. p. 170. ISBN 978-1-58836-799-0. Retrieved 14 April 2021.
  6. ^ a b c d Kesaris, Paul. L, ed. (1979). The Rote Kapelle: the CIA's history of Soviet intelligence and espionage networks in Western Europe, 1936-1945 (pdf). Washington DC: University Publications of America. p. 145. ISBN 978-0-89093-203-2.
  7. ^ Harro Schulze-Boysen (1999). Dieser Tod paßt zu mir (in German). Aufbau-Verlag. p. 412. ISBN 978-3-351-02493-2. Retrieved 14 April 2021.
  8. ^ Nelson, Anne (2009). Red Orchestra. The Story of the Berlin Underground and the Circle of Friends Who Resisted Hitler. New York: Random House. p. 170. ISBN 978-1-4000-6000-9.
  9. ^ Corina L. Petrescu (2010). Against All Odds: Models of Subversive Spaces in National Socialist Germany. Peter Lang. p. 229. ISBN 978-3-03911-845-8. Retrieved 3 June 2019.
  10. ^ Gostomski, Victor von; Loch, Walter (1993). Der Tod von Plötzensee : Erinnerungen, Ereignisse, Dokumente, 1942-1944 (in German). Frankfurt am Main: Bloch. p. 222. ISBN 9783929686005.
  11. ^ Coppi, Hans (5 August 2003). "Vor 60 Jahren wurden die Mitglieder der "Roten Kapelle" hingerichtet. Auch meine Mutter: Mit Gnade hat sie nie gerechnet" (in German). Berliner Verlag GmbH. Berliner Zeitung. Retrieved 14 April 2021.

Read other articles:

Edouard Daladier

Édouard Daladier perdana menteri PrancisMasa jabatan31 January 1933 – 26 October 1933PresidenAlbert Lebrun PendahuluJoseph Paul-BoncourPenggantiAlbert SarrautMasa jabatan30 January 1934 – 9 February 1934PresidenAlbert Lebrun PendahuluCamille ChautempsPenggantiGaston DoumergueMasa jabatan10 April 1938 – 21 March 1940PresidenAlbert Lebrun PendahuluLéon BlumPenggantiPaul Reynaud Informasi pribadiLahir18 June 1884Carpentras, Vaucluse, FranceMeninggal10 Oktober 1...

 

Simo Puupponen

Finnish writer and journalist This article includes a list of references, related reading, or external links, but its sources remain unclear because it lacks inline citations. Please help improve this article by introducing more precise citations. (February 2012) (Learn how and when to remove this template message) Simo Puupponen Simo Tapio Puupponen (23 October 1915 – 11 October 1967), better known by the pen name Aapeli, was a Finnish writer and novelist. Aapeli was born in Kuopio, and be...

 

The Wake of the Lorelei Lee

Book by L.A. Meyer This article's plot summary may be too long or excessively detailed. Please help improve it by removing unnecessary details and making it more concise. (May 2015) (Learn how and when to remove this template message) The Wake of the Lorelei Lee First editionAuthorL.A. MeyerAudio read byKatherine KellgrenCountryUnited StatesLanguageEnglishGenreYoung adult, Historical novelPublished2010PublisherHoughton Mifflin HarcourtPages552 pagesISBN9780547327686Preceded byR...

Hariss Harun

Singaporean footballer Not to be confused with Faris Haroun. In this Malay name, there is no surname or family name. The name Harun is a patronymic, and the person should be referred to by their given name, Hariss. The word bin or binti/binte means 'son of' or 'daughter of', respectively. Hariss Harun Hariss Harun playing for Lion City Sailors during the 2023–24 AFC Champions LeaguePersonal informationFull name Hariss bin HarunDate of birth (1990-11-19) 19 November 1990 (age 33)[1&...

 

Eropa, Timur Tengah dan Afrika

EMEA: Eropa, Middle East, dan Afrika, ditandai pada peta dunia. Eropa, Timur Tengah, dan Afrika, (Inggris: Europe, the Middle East and Africa) umumnya dikenal dengan akronim EMEA di antara lingkungan bisnis Amerika Utara, adalah kawasan geografis yang digunakan oleh institusi, pemerintah, dan bidang pemasaran, media, dan bisnis global ketika mengacu pada kawasan ini. Seperti namanya, kawasan ini mencakup seluruh negara yang terdapat di benua Afrika dan Eropa, serta negara-negara yang terg...

 

Malcolm III of Scotland

King of Scotland (r. 1058–1093) Malcolm IIIKing of ScotsReign17 March 1058 – 13 November 1093Coronation25 April 1058? Scone, Perth and KinrossPredecessorLulachSuccessorDonald IIIDied(1093-11-13)13 November 1093Alnmouth, Northumberland, EnglandBurialEl Escorial monastery, Madrid; formerly Dunfermline Abbey, though initially interred at Tynemouth PriorySpouses Ingibiorg Finnsdottir Margaret of Wessex Issuemore... Duncan II, King of Scotland Domnall Edmund Ethelred, Abbot of Dunkeld Edgar, K...

José Fajardo

Questa voce sull'argomento calciatori panamensi è solo un abbozzo. Contribuisci a migliorarla secondo le convenzioni di Wikipedia. Segui i suggerimenti del progetto di riferimento. José Fajardo Nazionalità  Panama Altezza 180 cm Peso 67 kg Calcio Ruolo Attaccante Squadra  Universidad Católica CarrieraGiovanili  Indep. La ChorreraSquadre di club1 2018-2020 Indep. La Chorrera26 (10)2021 Nueve de Octubre27 (12)2022-2023 Cusco37 (20)2023 D.C. United7 (...

 

Чайки

У этого термина существуют и другие значения, см. Чайки (значения). Чайки Доминиканская чайкаЗападная чайкаКалифорнийская чайкаМорская чайка Научная классификация Домен:ЭукариотыЦарство:ЖивотныеПодцарство:ЭуметазоиБез ранга:Двусторонне-симметричныеБез ранга:Вторич...

 

コルク

この記事は検証可能な参考文献や出典が全く示されていないか、不十分です。出典を追加して記事の信頼性向上にご協力ください。（このテンプレートの使い方）出典検索?: コルク – ニュース · 書籍 · スカラー · CiNii · J-STAGE · NDL · dlib.jp · ジャパンサーチ · TWL（2017年4月） コルクを打ち抜いて作った瓶の栓 コルク（木栓、�...

Krupnik, Blagoevgrad Province

Village in Blagoevgrad Province, BulgariaKrupnik, Blagoevgrad Province КрупникVillageKrupnik, Blagoevgrad ProvinceCoordinates: 41°51′N 23°7′E / 41.850°N 23.117°E / 41.850; 23.117Country BulgariaProvinceBlagoevgrad ProvinceMunicipalitySimitli MunicipalityArea • Total35.412 km2 (13.673 sq mi)Elevation370 m (1,210 ft)Population (2011) • Total2,078 • Density59/km2 (150/sq mi)Time zon...

 

MV Al Marjan

MV al Marjan History Nameal Marjan OwnerShamir Marine, UAE OperatorBiyat International Port of registryComoros RouteDubai to Mogadishu BuilderRobb Henry Launched1967 Out of service2010 FateCaught fire in Magadishu, 27 January 2010 NotesIMO number: 6717344 General characteristics Tonnage2850 dwt Crew22 MV al-Marjan was a cargo vessel active in the Horn of Africa. It was involved in relief efforts, and delivered food commodities from Dar es Salaam to Kismayu and Merca in March 2007. Captu...

 

Філософія

Частина серії проФілософіяLeft to right: Plato, Kant, Nietzsche, Buddha, Confucius, AverroesПлатонКантНіцшеБуддаКонфуційАверроес Філософи Епістемологи Естетики Етики Логіки Метафізики Соціально-політичні філософи Традиції Аналітична Арістотелівська Африканська Близькосхідна іранська Буддій�...

Course germano-britannique aux armements navals

La taille et la puissance des cuirassés augmentèrent rapidement, avant, pendant et après la Première Guerre mondiale, résultats de la compétition dans le domaine de la construction navale entre grandes puissances, au rang desquelles se trouvaient la Grande-Bretagne et l'Allemagne. Elle prit fin avec les traités de Versailles et de Washington. La course germano-britannique aux armements navals désigne la rivalité qui opposa l'Empire allemand et le Royaume-Uni pour s'assurer la suprém...

 

Roland Gori

Pour les articles homonymes, voir Gori. Roland GoriFonctionsPrésidentAppel des appelsdepuis 2008PrésidentSéminaire inter-universitaire européen d'enseignement et de recherche en psychopathologie et psychanalyse (d)2002-2009Pierre FédidaAlain AbelhauserBiographieNaissance 22 novembre 1943 (80 ans)MarseilleNationalité françaiseFormation Université Paris-Nanterre (doctorat) (jusqu'en 1969)Activités Psychanalyste, psychologue, professeur des universitésAutres informationsA travail...

 

Sydney Buxton, 1st Earl Buxton

British politician The Right HonourableThe Earl BuxtonGCMG PC2nd Governor-General of South AfricaIn office1914–1920MonarchGeorge VPrime MinisterLouis BothaJan SmutsPreceded byThe Viscount GladstoneSucceeded byPrince Arthur of ConnaughtPresident of the Board of TradeIn office14 February 1910 – 11 February 1914MonarchsEdward VIIGeorge VPrime MinisterH. H. AsquithPreceded byWinston ChurchillSucceeded byJohn BurnsPostmaster GeneralIn office1905–1910MonarchEdward VIIPreceded...

New Republic Party (Costa Rica)

Political party in Costa Rica New Republic Party Partido Nueva RepúblicaAbbreviationPNR (Partido Nueva República)PresidentFabricio Alvarado MuñozSecretary-GeneralMónica Catalán MarínFoundedOctober 20, 2018; 5 years ago (2018-10-20)Split fromNational Restoration PartyYouth wingYouth New RepublicIdeologyConservatismSocial conservatismChristian rightPolitical positionRight-wingColours  Blue   WhiteLegislative Assembly7 / 57Alderpeople17 / 508Syndics1 /...

 

ŽKK Crvena zvezda

Basketball club in Belgrade, Serbia This article is about the women's basketball team. For the men's team, see KK Crvena zvezda. For the parent multi-sports club, see SD Crvena Zvezda. Crvena zvezdaNicknameCrveno-bele (Red and Whites)LeaguesBasketball League of Serbia EuroCup WomenFounded4 March 1945; 79 years ago (1945-03-04)HistoryŽKK Crvena zvezda(1945–present)ArenaŽeleznik HallFMP Basket CityCapacity3,000LocationBelgrade, SerbiaTeam colorsRed and White   Pr...

 

Gempa bumi San Juan 1944

Gempa bumi San Juan 1944Puing-puing di Kota San Juan setelah dilanda gempa 1944Waktu UTC1944-01-15 23:49:32ISC899270USGS-ANSSComCatTanggal setempat15 Januari 1944 (1944-01-15)Waktu setempat08:52Kekuatan7.0 Mw[1]Kedalaman15 km (9 mi)Episentrum31°22′19″S 68°26′10″W / 31.372°S 68.436°W / -31.372; -68.436JenisReverseWilayah bencanaArgentina, San JuanIntensitas maks.XI (Ekstrem)Korban10,000 tewas Gempa bumi San Juan 1944 (ba...

مخروط جنوبي

المخروط الجنوبيالمساحة4,944,081 كم²التعداد135,707,204 (تقدير يوليو 2010)الكثافة27.45 /كم²[1]البلدان3، 4 أو 5الملحقات18صفة المنتميأمريكان جنوبيوناللغاتالاسبانية، البرتغالية، لغات محلية، والعديد من اللغات الأخرىأكبرتجمعاتعمرانية(2005) بوينس أيرس سانتياغو، تشيلي پورتو ألغري كوريتيبا...

 

Henry Hearsey

Christianity portal Ven. Henry William Moorcroft Hearsey OBE (23 September 1906 – 7 June 1982) was archdeacon of the Riviera from 1972 to 1976. Hearsey was born in Zomba, Nyasaland (now Malawi), to Lt.-Col. Herbert Hyde Young Hearsey, the Principal Medical Officer of Nyasaland, and Maggie Marie Beales. His great uncle was Lieutenant-General Sir John Bennet Hearsey.[1][2] He was educated at Pembroke College, Oxford[3] and ordained in 1935. After curacies in West Sout...