1960 United States presidential election in Iowa
1960 United States presidential election in Iowa
County Results
Nixon
50-60%
60-70%
70-80%
Kennedy
50-60%
60-70%
The 1960 United States presidential election in Iowa took place on November 8, 1960, as part of the 1960 United States presidential election . Voters chose ten[ 2] representatives, or electors, to the Electoral College , who voted for president and vice president .
Iowa was won by incumbent Vice President Richard Nixon (R –California ), running with United States Ambassador to the United Nations Henry Cabot Lodge Jr. , with 56.71% of the popular vote, against Senator John F. Kennedy (D –Massachusetts ), running with Senator Lyndon B. Johnson , with 43.22% of the popular vote.[ 3] [ 4] As of the 2020 presidential election [update] , this is the last election in which Johnson County , home to Iowa City and the University of Iowa , voted for a Republican presidential candidate.[ 5]
Kennedy became the fourth American president to have ever held office without carrying Iowa in an election.
Primaries
Democratic precinct caucuses
While no statewide vote was held, a system of precinct caucuses were used to select delegates.[ 6] Edward A. McDermott led a, first-of-its-kind- coordinated effort for the Kennedy campaign which sought to shape the results of Iowa's precinct caucuses in order to secure an Iowa delegation which favored Kennedy's candidacy.[ 6] These precinct caucuses had been largely ignored by most political circles, providing an opportunity for Kennedy.[ 6] His campaign had been targeting Iowa as a top priority state in its delegate strategy since, at latest, 1959, setting a goal to secure the support of 18 of the state's 26 delegates.[ 6]
For years, Kennedy had been seeking to curry favor with Iowa's Democratic governor, Herschel Loveless , who had fiercely opposed Kennedy's effort to secure the vice-presidential nomination at the 1956 Democratic National Convention .[ 6] Kennedy hoped to persuade Loveless against putting himself forward in 1960 as a favorite son (carrying the support of his state's delegation for himself in order to leave it united and unbound to any top contender).[ 6] Loveless had been neutral for a long time, and continued to remain open to a multitude of candidates as well as a prospect of running as a favorite son (perhaps leveraging that as a means of securing the vice-presidential nomination).[ 6] However, Kennedy began to secure more and more grassroots support in Iowa.[ 6]
McDermott heavily organized in Iowa, more than compensating for the potential disadvantage Kennedy held due to the fact that a number of possible opponents (such as Hubert Humphrey , Stuart Symington , and Adlai Stevenson II ) came from states which directly neighbored Iowa.[ 6] In the Spring of 1959, McDermott founded the "Iowans for Kennedy" political club and appointed Lumond F. Wilcox, a leading Medodist figure in the state, as its co-chairman in an effort to alleviate the concerns many Iowans still held about Kennedy's Catholic faith.[ 6]
McDermott also recruited Iowan Democrats to run at local precinct caucuses.[ 6]
By late autumn, a Des Moines Register poll of the Iowa Democratic Party 's 99 county party chairmen showed that the county leaders had come to favor Kennedy 3 to 2 over Symington and 3 to 1 over either Stevenson of Humphrey.[ 6]
Results
Results by county
County[ 7]
Richard Nixon Republican
John F. Kennedy Democratic
Farrell Dobbs No Party Listed
Eric Hass Socialist Labor
Margin
Total votes cast
#
%
#
%
#
%
#
%
#
%
Adair
3,383
60.09%
2,245
39.88%
1
0.02%
1
0.02%
1,138
20.21%
5,630
Adams
2,185
57.08%
1,643
42.92%
0
0.00%
0
0.00%
542
14.16%
3,828
Allamakee
4,970
62.78%
2,933
37.05%
7
0.09%
6
0.08%
2,037
25.73%
7,916
Appanoose
5,040
59.43%
3,422
40.35%
15
0.18%
3
0.04%
1,618
19.08%
8,480
Audubon
2,935
53.05%
2,595
46.91%
2
0.04%
0
0.00%
340
6.14%
5,532
Benton
5,972
56.33%
4,620
43.58%
6
0.06%
3
0.03%
1,352
12.75%
10,601
Black Hawk
28,435
54.11%
24,078
45.82%
26
0.05%
12
0.02%
4,357
8.29%
52,551
Boone
6,761
53.97%
5,759
45.97%
6
0.05%
1
0.01%
1,002
8.00%
12,527
Bremer
6,504
66.76%
3,234
33.20%
4
0.04%
0
0.00%
3,270
33.56%
9,742
Buchanan
5,179
54.90%
4,251
45.07%
3
0.03%
0
0.00%
928
9.83%
9,433
Buena Vista
6,351
63.54%
3,637
36.38%
5
0.05%
3
0.03%
2,714
27.16%
9,996
Butler
5,345
70.18%
2,268
29.78%
1
0.01%
2
0.03%
3,077
40.40%
7,616
Calhoun
4,485
58.90%
3,123
41.01%
4
0.05%
3
0.04%
1,362
17.89%
7,615
Carroll
4,648
39.66%
7,064
60.27%
6
0.05%
3
0.03%
-2,416
-20.61%
11,721
Cass
6,290
67.24%
3,059
32.70%
5
0.05%
0
0.00%
3,231
34.54%
9,354
Cedar
5,217
61.92%
3,203
38.02%
5
0.06%
0
0.00%
2,014
23.90%
8,425
Cerro Gordo
12,830
56.05%
10,044
43.88%
15
0.07%
0
0.00%
2,786
12.17%
22,889
Cherokee
4,791
59.10%
3,309
40.82%
5
0.06%
1
0.01%
1,482
18.28%
8,106
Chickasaw
3,822
48.45%
4,063
51.50%
4
0.05%
0
0.00%
-241
-3.05%
7,889
Clarke
2,631
57.82%
1,906
41.89%
12
0.26%
1
0.02%
725
15.93%
4,550
Clay
5,165
60.03%
3,437
39.95%
2
0.02%
0
0.00%
1,728
20.08%
8,604
Clayton
6,441
58.25%
4,612
41.71%
4
0.04%
0
0.00%
1,829
16.54%
11,057
Clinton
13,797
56.71%
10,508
43.19%
11
0.05%
14
0.06%
3,289
13.52%
24,330
Crawford
4,791
56.25%
3,720
43.67%
3
0.04%
4
0.05%
1,071
12.58%
8,518
Dallas
6,566
53.93%
5,597
45.97%
11
0.09%
2
0.02%
969
7.96%
12,176
Davis
2,641
53.36%
2,303
46.53%
4
0.08%
1
0.02%
338
6.83%
4,949
Decatur
3,039
55.69%
2,411
44.18%
7
0.13%
0
0.00%
628
11.51%
5,457
Delaware
5,015
57.62%
3,688
42.38%
0
0.00%
0
0.00%
1,327
15.24%
8,703
Des Moines
10,678
51.86%
9,872
47.94%
36
0.17%
5
0.02%
806
3.92%
20,591
Dickinson
3,575
56.99%
2,696
42.98%
2
0.03%
0
0.00%
879
14.01%
6,273
Dubuque
12,740
36.64%
22,007
63.30%
10
0.03%
9
0.03%
-9,267
-26.66%
34,766
Emmet
4,284
62.51%
2,563
37.40%
3
0.04%
3
0.04%
1,721
25.11%
6,853
Fayette
8,330
61.20%
5,256
38.62%
21
0.15%
4
0.03%
3,074
22.58%
13,611
Floyd
5,774
59.24%
3,970
40.73%
1
0.01%
1
0.01%
1,804
18.51%
9,746
Franklin
4,514
64.52%
2,476
35.39%
3
0.04%
3
0.04%
2,038
29.13%
6,996
Fremont
3,027
56.73%
2,307
43.23%
2
0.04%
0
0.00%
720
13.50%
5,336
Greene
4,063
58.43%
2,879
41.40%
7
0.10%
5
0.07%
1,184
17.03%
6,954
Grundy
4,989
69.62%
2,174
30.34%
3
0.04%
0
0.00%
2,815
39.28%
7,166
Guthrie
4,046
58.22%
2,896
41.68%
6
0.09%
1
0.01%
1,150
16.54%
6,949
Hamilton
5,265
57.39%
3,905
42.57%
4
0.04%
0
0.00%
1,360
14.82%
9,174
Hancock
4,179
60.24%
2,757
39.74%
1
0.01%
0
0.00%
1,422
20.50%
6,937
Hardin
6,438
62.32%
3,888
37.64%
2
0.02%
2
0.02%
2,550
24.68%
10,330
Harrison
4,940
57.70%
3,613
42.20%
8
0.09%
1
0.01%
1,327
15.50%
8,562
Henry
5,531
66.03%
2,839
33.89%
7
0.08%
0
0.00%
2,692
32.14%
8,377
Howard
3,378
49.79%
3,406
50.21%
0
0.00%
0
0.00%
-28
-0.42%
6,784
Humboldt
3,537
56.66%
2,706
43.34%
0
0.00%
0
0.00%
831
13.32%
6,243
Ida
3,290
62.77%
1,949
37.19%
2
0.04%
0
0.00%
1,341
25.58%
5,241
Iowa
4,944
63.47%
2,828
36.30%
12
0.15%
6
0.08%
2,116
27.17%
7,790
Jackson
5,084
53.89%
4,345
46.06%
4
0.04%
1
0.01%
739
7.83%
9,434
Jasper
9,332
56.27%
7,242
43.67%
8
0.05%
3
0.02%
2,090
12.60%
16,585
Jefferson
4,942
64.00%
2,780
36.00%
0
0.00%
0
0.00%
2,162
28.00%
7,722
Johnson
10,927
50.80%
10,563
49.11%
15
0.07%
3
0.01%
364
1.69%
21,508
Jones
5,541
58.52%
3,924
41.44%
3
0.03%
1
0.01%
1,617
17.08%
9,469
Keokuk
4,697
57.88%
3,408
42.00%
10
0.12%
0
0.00%
1,289
15.88%
8,115
Kossuth
6,278
51.95%
5,806
48.05%
0
0.00%
0
0.00%
472
3.90%
12,084
Lee
10,765
52.00%
9,936
48.00%
0
0.00%
0
0.00%
829
4.00%
20,701
Linn
34,200
55.30%
27,614
44.65%
17
0.03%
8
0.01%
6,586
10.65%
61,839
Louisa
3,036
60.67%
1,966
39.29%
2
0.04%
0
0.00%
1,070
21.38%
5,004
Lucas
3,512
59.88%
2,344
39.97%
9
0.15%
0
0.00%
1,168
19.91%
5,865
Lyon
4,917
73.65%
1,752
26.24%
4
0.06%
3
0.04%
3,165
47.41%
6,676
Madison
3,804
58.26%
2,722
41.69%
2
0.03%
1
0.02%
1,082
16.57%
6,529
Mahaska
7,129
65.40%
3,746
34.36%
18
0.17%
8
0.07%
3,383
31.04%
10,901
Marion
7,444
61.99%
4,547
37.87%
15
0.12%
2
0.02%
2,897
24.12%
12,008
Marshall
10,265
60.23%
6,761
39.67%
13
0.08%
3
0.02%
3,504
20.56%
17,042
Mills
3,436
65.37%
1,820
34.63%
0
0.00%
0
0.00%
1,616
30.74%
5,256
Mitchell
3,915
57.59%
2,873
42.26%
9
0.13%
1
0.01%
1,042
15.33%
6,798
Monona
3,863
54.64%
3,207
45.36%
0
0.00%
0
0.00%
656
9.28%
7,070
Monroe
2,922
54.20%
2,459
45.61%
8
0.15%
2
0.04%
463
8.59%
5,391
Montgomery
4,974
65.19%
2,655
34.80%
1
0.01%
0
0.00%
2,319
30.39%
7,630
Muscatine
8,555
58.21%
6,135
41.74%
3
0.02%
5
0.03%
2,420
16.47%
14,698
O'Brien
6,509
68.66%
2,967
31.30%
4
0.04%
0
0.00%
3,542
37.36%
9,480
Osceola
2,965
62.00%
1,814
37.93%
3
0.06%
0
0.00%
1,151
24.07%
4,782
Page
7,089
69.69%
3,075
30.23%
6
0.06%
2
0.02%
4,014
39.46%
10,172
Palo Alto
3,551
48.99%
3,695
50.97%
1
0.01%
2
0.03%
-144
-1.98%
7,249
Plymouth
6,432
57.93%
4,671
42.07%
0
0.00%
0
0.00%
1,761
15.86%
11,103
Pocahontas
3,445
50.23%
3,408
49.69%
5
0.07%
1
0.01%
37
0.54%
6,859
Polk
64,077
53.74%
55,091
46.20%
37
0.03%
29
0.02%
8,986
7.54%
119,234
Pottawattamie
19,223
57.79%
14,025
42.17%
8
0.02%
5
0.02%
5,198
15.62%
33,261
Poweshiek
5,232
58.76%
3,671
41.23%
1
0.01%
0
0.00%
1,561
17.53%
8,904
Ringgold
2,538
58.74%
1,781
41.22%
1
0.02%
1
0.02%
757
17.52%
4,321
Sac
4,850
61.36%
3,054
38.64%
0
0.00%
0
0.00%
1,796
22.72%
7,904
Scott
27,617
54.50%
23,004
45.40%
34
0.07%
16
0.03%
4,613
9.10%
50,671
Shelby
4,210
55.08%
3,427
44.83%
5
0.07%
2
0.03%
783
10.25%
7,644
Sioux
10,284
79.51%
2,643
20.43%
5
0.04%
2
0.02%
7,641
59.08%
12,934
Story
13,708
65.26%
7,281
34.66%
10
0.05%
5
0.02%
6,427
30.60%
21,004
Tama
5,535
52.78%
4,950
47.21%
1
0.01%
0
0.00%
585
5.57%
10,486
Taylor
3,452
61.85%
2,126
38.09%
3
0.05%
0
0.00%
1,326
23.76%
5,581
Union
4,417
61.85%
2,720
38.08%
3
0.04%
2
0.03%
1,697
23.77%
7,142
Van Buren
3,129
63.94%
1,760
35.96%
3
0.06%
2
0.04%
1,369
27.98%
4,894
Wapello
11,036
49.79%
11,116
50.15%
8
0.04%
7
0.03%
-80
-0.36%
22,167
Warren
6,013
59.25%
4,136
40.75%
0
0.00%
0
0.00%
1,877
18.50%
10,149
Washington
5,861
64.48%
3,222
35.45%
5
0.06%
1
0.01%
2,639
29.03%
9,089
Wayne
3,401
59.51%
2,307
40.37%
5
0.09%
2
0.03%
1,094
19.14%
5,715
Webster
10,741
50.11%
10,680
49.83%
12
0.06%
2
0.01%
61
0.28%
21,435
Winnebago
4,082
62.33%
2,463
37.61%
4
0.06%
0
0.00%
1,619
24.72%
6,549
Winneshiek
5,737
54.48%
4,786
45.45%
5
0.05%
2
0.02%
951
9.03%
10,530
Woodbury
26,832
55.05%
21,906
44.94%
4
0.01%
2
0.00%
4,926
10.11%
48,744
Worth
2,740
54.28%
2,303
45.62%
5
0.10%
0
0.00%
437
8.66%
5,048
Wright
5,386
56.34%
4,159
43.50%
15
0.16%
0
0.00%
1,227
12.84%
9,560
Totals
722,381
56.71%
550,565
43.22%
634
0.05%
230
0.02%
171,816
13.49%
1,273,810
Counties that flipped from Republican to Democratic
See also
References
^ "United States Presidential election of 1960 - Encyclopædia Britannica" . Retrieved June 6, 2017 .
^ "1960 Election for the Forty-Fourth Term (1961-65)" . Retrieved June 6, 2017 .
^ "1960 Presidential General Election Results – Iowa" . Retrieved June 6, 2017 .
^ "The American Presidency Project – Election of 1960" . Retrieved June 6, 2017 .
^ Sullivan, Robert David; ‘How the Red and Blue Map Evolved Over the Past Century’ ; America Magazine in The National Catholic Review ; June 29, 2016
^ a b c d e f g h i j k l Oliphant, Thomas; Wilkie, Curtis (2017). The road to Camelot: Inside JFK's Five-Year Campaign . Simon & Schuster.
^ "IA US President Race, November 08, 1960" . Our Campaigns.