1914 Ontario general election
1914 Ontario general election
The 1914 Ontario general election was the 14th general election held in the Province of Ontario , Canada. It was held on June 29, 1914, to elect the 111 Members of the 14th Legislative Assembly of Ontario (MLAs).[ 1]
The Ontario Conservative Party , led by Sir James P. Whitney , won a fourth consecutive term in government. Whitney died three months after the election and was succeeded by William Howard Hearst . The Conservatives contested 109 of the 111 ridings, deciding not to have candidates stand in Glengarry (where the Liberal Hugh Munro was acclaimed) and Norfolk North (where the Liberal incumbent Thomas Robert Atkinson was up against a Liberal anti-Temperance candidate).[ 2] However, dissension within the Tory ranks resulted in a significant number of them campaigning as either independent or temperance candidates.[ 2]
The Ontario Liberal Party , led by Newton Rowell , formed the official opposition.
Independent Labour MLA Allan Studholme was re-elected in Hamilton East . He had held the seat since a 1906 by-election .
The campaign was seen to turn more significantly on the matter of Regulation 17 (which limited instruction in French-language Catholic separate schools ), in comparison to temperance issues, and that worked against the Liberals,[ 3] who placed Prohibition of sales in bars and clubs as a main plank in their platform.
Expansion of the Legislative Assembly
Toronto ridings, as constituted in 1914
An Act passed prior to the election expanded the number of members from 106 to 111, and the number of ridings from 103 to 107.[ 5] The following changes were made:
The Patricia Portion acquired in 1912 was divided between Cochrane and Kenora .
Results
Elections to the 14th Parliament of Ontario (1914)[ 1]
Political party
Party leader
MPPs
Votes
Candidates
1911
Dissol.
1914
±
#
%
± (pp)
Conservative
James P. Whitney
109
82
84
2
268,548
54.02%
1.57
Liberal
Newton Rowell
90
22
24
2
186,168
37.45%
1.06
Labour
4
1
1
6,535
1.31%
1.12
Independent-Liberal
2
–
–
1
1
2,236
0.45%
New
Temperance
9
–
–
–
13,064
2.63%
New
Liberal-Temperance
1
–
–
1
1
2,733
0.55%
New
Conservative-Temperance
2
–
–
–
2,222
0.45%
0.02
Prohibitionist
1
–
–
–
1,302
0.26%
New
Liberal–Conservative
1
–
1
Did not campaign
Independent
5
–
–
–
4,837
0.97%
0.07
Socialist
12
–
–
–
4,532
0.91%
0.04
Independent-Conservative
4
–
–
–
4,270
0.86%
0.11
Liberal-Anti-Temperance
1
–
–
–
691
0.14%
New
Vacant
Total
240
106
106
111
497,138
100.00%
Blank and invalid ballots
7,304
Registered voters / turnout
697,935
72.28%
8.02
Seats and popular vote by party
Party
Seats
Votes
Change (pp)
Conservative
-1.57
Liberal
-1.06
Temperance factions
3.86
3.86
Other
-1.23
Synopsis of results
Results by riding - 1914 Ontario general election[ 1]
Riding
Winning party
Turnout[ 6]
Votes
Name[ a 1]
1911
Party
Votes
Share
Margin #
Margin %
Con
Lib
Temp
Lab
Soc
I-Lib
I-Con
LAT
Ind
Total
Addington
Con
Con
1,841
78.27%
1,330
59.70%
71.18%
1,841
–
511
–
–
–
–
–
–
2,352
Algoma
Con
Con
1,959
56.50%
451
13.01%
65.22%
1,959
1,508
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
3,467
Brant North
Con
Lib
1,987
50.62%
49
1.25%
77.56%
1,938
1,987
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
3,925
Brant South
Con
Lib
3,594
52.50%
342
5.00%
73.48%
3,252
3,594
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
6,846
Brockville
Con
Con
1,768
49.08%
466
12.94%
70.40%
1,768
472
1,302
–
60
–
–
–
–
3,602
Bruce North
Lib
Lib
1,736
50.10%
7
0.20%
86.41%
1,729
1,736
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
3,465
Bruce South
Lib
Con
1,820
54.77%
317
9.54%
76.76%
1,820
1,503
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
3,323
Bruce West
Lib
Lib
2,153
58.84%
647
17.68%
72.10%
1,506
2,153
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
3,659
Carleton
Con
Con
1,712
75.92%
1,169
51.84%
46.30%
1,712
543
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
2,255
Cochrane
New
Lib
1,197
41.52%
28
0.97%
35.89%
1,169
1,197
–
–
517
–
–
–
–
2,883
Dufferin
Con
Con
2,094
57.48%
545
14.96%
66.68%
2,094
–
1,549
–
–
–
–
–
–
3,643
Dundas
Con
Con
2,212
58.97%
673
17.94%
75.17%
2,212
1,539
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
3,751
Durham East
Con
Con
1,720
58.82%
516
17.65%
72.61%
1,720
–
1,204
–
–
–
–
–
–
2,924
Durham West
Con
Con
1,647
53.63%
223
7.26%
79.77%
1,647
1,424
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
3,071
Elgin East
Con
Con
2,234
54.01%
332
8.03%
77.18%
2,234
1,902
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
4,136
Elgin West
Con
Con
3,386
55.92%
717
11.84%
69.16%
3,386
2,669
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
6,055
Essex North
Con
Lib
2,431
57.58%
640
15.16%
64.26%
1,791
2,431
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
4,222
Essex South
Con
Lib
2,196
50.38%
33
0.76%
77.88%
2,163
2,196
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
4,359
Fort William
Con
Con
2,385
55.63%
483
11.27%
39.75%
2,385
1,902
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
4,287
Frontenac
Con
Con
1,623
55.45%
319
10.90%
64.24%
1,623
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
1,304
2,927
Glengarry
Lib
Lib
acclaimed
Grenville
Con
Con
2,082
56.42%
474
12.85%
71.28%
2,082
–
–
–
–
–
1,608
–
–
3,690
Grey Centre
Con
Con
2,404
61.47%
897
22.94%
65.52%
2,404
1,507
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
3,911
Grey North
Lib
Con
2,943
56.50%
677
13.00%
68.85%
2,943
2,266
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
5,209
Grey South
Con
Con
2,866
60.78%
1,017
21.57%
69.21%
2,866
1,849
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
4,715
Haldimand
Lib
Con
2,692
53.02%
307
6.05%
81.12%
2,692
2,385
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
5,077
Halton
Con
Con
2,676
53.17%
319
6.34%
74.46%
2,676
2,357
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
5,033
Hamilton East
Lab
Lab
4,496
56.16%
987
12.33%
61.09%
3,509
–
–
4,496
–
–
–
–
–
8,005
Hamilton West
Con
Con
3,361
63.28%
1,411
26.57%
61.36%
3,361
1,950
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
5,311
Hastings East
Con
Con
2,155
63.78%
931
27.55%
67.73%
2,155
1,224
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
3,379
Hastings North
Con
Con
2,247
79.01%
1,650
58.02%
53.77%
2,247
597
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
2,844
Hastings West
Con
Con
2,347
62.67%
949
25.34%
68.31%
2,347
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
1,398
3,745
Huron Centre
Lib
Lib
2,165
53.98%
319
7.95%
77.20%
1,846
2,165
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
4,011
Huron North
Con
Con
2,103
51.59%
130
3.19%
84.14%
2,103
1,973
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
4,076
Huron South
Con
Con
2,159
54.06%
324
8.11%
57.87%
2,159
1,835
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
3,994
Kenora
Con
Con
acclaimed
Kent East
Lib
Lib
2,566
53.90%
371
7.79%
73.65%
2,195
2,566
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
4,761
Kent West
Con
Con
4,017
50.08%
13
0.16%
76.12%
4,017
4,004
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
8,021
Kingston
Con
Con
2,900
66.94%
1,468
33.89%
72.51%
2,900
1,432
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
4,332
Lambton East
Lib
Con
2,154
50.05%
4
0.09%
81.45%
2,154
2,150
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
4,304
Lambton West
Con
Con
3,924
55.71%
804
11.41%
74.43%
3,924
3,120
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
7,044
Lanark North
Con
Con
1,666
51.88%
121
3.77%
77.60%
1,666
1,545
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
3,211
Lanark South
Con
Con
1,860
53.76%
548
15.84%
66.23%
1,860
1,312
–
288
–
–
–
–
–
3,460
Leeds
Con
Con
2,025
55.75%
418
11.51%
69.93%
2,025
1,607
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
3,632
Lennox
Con
Con
1,485
53.59%
199
7.18%
76.40%
1,485
1,286
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
2,771
Lincoln
Con
Lib
2,051
53.68%
281
7.35%
77.56%
1,770
2,051
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
3,821
London
Con
Con
4,350
57.08%
1,496
19.63%
63.27%
4,350
2,854
–
417
–
–
–
–
–
7,621
Manitoulin
Con
Con
1,163
55.38%
226
10.76%
54.14%
1,163
–
937
–
–
–
–
–
–
2,100
Middlesex East
Lib
Con
2,383
54.68%
408
9.36%
71.90%
2,383
1,975
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
4,358
Middlesex North
Con
Lib
1,989
51.56%
120
3.11%
78.43%
1,869
1,989
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
3,858
Middlesex West
Lib
Lib
1,798
62.30%
710
24.60%
75.04%
1,088
1,798
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
2,886
Muskoka
Con
Con
2,056
63.09%
853
26.17%
63.44%
2,056
1,203
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
3,259
Niagara Falls
New
Con
2,444
54.01%
969
21.41%
66.28%
2,444
1,475
–
–
606
–
–
–
–
4,525
Nipissing
Con
Con
1,638
45.46%
58
1.61%
55.72%
1,638
1,580
–
–
–
–
–
–
385
3,603
Norfolk North
Lib
Lib
1,927
73.61%
1,236
47.21%
58.05%
–
1,927
–
–
–
–
–
691
–
2,618
Norfolk South
Con
Con
1,381
53.24%
168
6.48%
74.20%
1,381
–
1,213
–
–
–
–
–
–
2,594
Northumberland East
Con
Con
2,426
57.50%
633
15.00%
71.39%
2,426
1,793
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
4,219
Northumberland West
Lib
Lib
1,609
52.26%
139
4.51%
83.58%
1,470
1,609
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
3,079
Ontario North
Con
Con
1,877
54.14%
287
8.28%
81.56%
1,877
1,590
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
3,467
Ontario South
Lib
Con
2,772
50.47%
52
0.95%
75.19%
2,772
2,720
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
5,492
Ottawa East
Con
Lib
2,843
53.75%
865
16.35%
64.73%
1,978
2,843
–
–
–
468
–
–
–
5,289
Ottawa West
Con
Lib
5,018
50.54%
108
1.09%
57.43%
4,910
5,018
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
9,928
Oxford North
Lib
Lib
3,048
50.94%
113
1.89%
80.84%
2,935
3,048
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
5,983
Oxford South
Lib
Con
2,582
50.01%
1
0.02%
76.78%
2,582
2,581
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
5,163
Parkdale
New
Con
2,981
55.98%
637
11.96%
58.16%
2,981
–
2,344
–
–
–
–
–
–
5,325
Parry Sound
Con
Con
2,770
58.84%
832
17.67%
56.57%
2,770
1,938
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
4,708
Peel
Con
Con
2,855
56.17%
627
12.34%
73.89%
2,855
2,228
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
5,083
Perth North
Con
Con
3,840
55.19%
1,117
16.05%
76.19%
3,840
2,723
–
–
395
–
–
–
–
6,958
Perth South
Con
Con
2,375
52.31%
210
4.63%
81.94%
2,375
2,165
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
4,540
Peterborough East
Con
Con
1,783
57.76%
479
15.52%
69.57%
1,783
1,304
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
3,087
Peterborough West
Con
Lib
2,587
51.69%
169
3.38%
73.48%
2,418
2,587
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
5,005
Port Arthur
Con
Con
2,219
49.45%
789
17.58%
58.80%
2,219
1,430
–
–
–
–
–
–
838
4,487
Prescott
Lib
I-Lib
1,768
43.01%
349
8.49%
68.21%
924
1,419
–
–
–
1,768
–
–
–
4,111
Prince Edward
Con
Lib
1,943
47.76%
97
2.38%
79.31%
1,846
1,943
–
–
–
–
279
–
–
4,068
Rainy River
L-Con
Con
1,196
60.22%
406
20.44%
53.23%
1,196
790
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
1,986
Renfrew North
Con
Con
2,548
57.76%
685
15.53%
76.39%
2,548
1,863
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
4,411
Renfrew South
Con
Con
acclaimed
Riverdale
New
Con
3,299
69.06%
1,962
41.07%
55.73%
3,299
–
1,337
–
141
–
–
–
–
4,777
Russell
Lib
Lib
3,851
73.10%
2,434
46.20%
56.99%
1,417
3,851
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
5,268
St. Catharines
New
Con
2,863
68.22%
1,529
36.43%
60.38%
2,863
–
–
1,334
–
–
–
–
–
4,197
Sault Ste. Marie
Con
Con
2,231
60.92%
800
21.85%
52.73%
2,231
1,431
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
3,662
Simcoe Centre
Con
Con
2,247
53.27%
276
6.54%
73.17%
2,247
1,971
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
4,218
Simcoe East
Con
Con
3,293
57.90%
899
15.81%
67.00%
3,293
2,394
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
5,687
Simcoe South
Con
Con
1,447
66.62%
722
33.24%
59.86%
1,447
725
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
2,172
Simcoe West
Con
Con
2,233
66.05%
1,085
32.09%
64.58%
2,233
–
1,148
–
–
–
–
–
–
3,381
Stormont
Con
Con
2,436
51.46%
138
2.92%
69.88%
2,436
2,298
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
4,734
Sturgeon Falls
Lib
Lib
1,650
75.65%
1,119
51.31%
62.51%
531
1,650
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
2,181
Sudbury
Con
Con
2,047
54.78%
357
9.55%
53.61%
2,047
1,690
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
3,737
Timiskaming
Con
Con
2,838
48.45%
731
12.48%
50.34%
2,838
2,107
–
–
–
–
–
–
912
5,857
Toronto Northeast - A
New
Con
5,956
58.25%
1,687
16.50%
58.97%
5,956
4,269
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
10,225
Toronto Northeast - B
New
Con
5,666
55.86%
1,189
11.72%
58.50%
5,666
4,477
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
10,143
Toronto Northwest - A
New
Con
6,153
61.59%
2,315
23.17%
53.24%
6,153
3,838
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
9,991
Toronto Northwest - B
New
Con
5,974
59.86%
2,512
25.17%
41.57%
5,974
3,462
–
–
544
–
–
–
–
9,980
Toronto Southeast - A
New
Con
4,296
71.85%
2,876
48.10%
53.41%
4,296
1,420
–
–
263
–
–
–
–
5,979
Toronto Southeast - B
New
Con
4,362
73.36%
2,778
46.72%
53.41%
4,362
1,584
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
5,946
Toronto Southwest - A
New
Con
6,127
68.84%
3,696
47.61%
52.45%
6,127
2,431
–
–
342
–
–
–
–
8,900
Toronto Southwest - B
New
Con
6,509
72.32%
4,018
48.15%
52.76%
6,509
2,491
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
9,000
Victoria North
New
Con
1,474
59.36%
465
18.73%
52.67%
1,474
–
1,009
–
–
–
–
–
–
2,483
Victoria South
New
Con
2,232
55.48%
545
13.55%
74.50%
2,232
1,687
–
–
104
–
–
–
–
4,023
Waterloo North
Con
Con
3,787
56.40%
1,454
21.65%
69.35%
3,787
–
2,333
–
595
–
–
–
–
6,715
Waterloo South
Con
Con
3,251
50.73%
856
13.36%
66.55%
3,251
2,395
–
–
762
–
–
–
–
6,408
Welland
Con
Con
2,541
59.90%
840
19.80%
63.89%
2,541
–
1,701
–
–
–
–
–
–
4,242
Wellington East
Lib
Lib
1,946
55.05%
357
10.10%
75.49%
1,589
1,946
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
3,535
Wellington South
Con
L-Tmp
2,733
49.11%
104
1.87%
76.42%
2,629
–
2,733
–
203
–
–
–
–
5,565
Wellington West
Con
Con
1,720
52.20%
145
4.40%
76.80%
1,720
1,575
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
3,295
Wentworth North
Lib
Con
1,586
50.33%
21
0.67%
78.05%
1,586
1,565
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
3,151
Wentworth South
Con
Con
1,704
55.72%
350
11.45%
71.28%
1,704
1,354
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
3,058
Windsor
New
Lib
2,309
42.59%
398
7.34%
59.38%
3,112[ a]
2,309
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
5,421
York East
Con
Con
3,671
56.51%
846
13.02%
58.62%
3,671
2,825
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
6,496
York North
Con
Con
2,826
52.42%
261
4.84%
81.09%
2,826
2,565
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
5,391
York West
Con
Con
acclaimed
^ order is as given in EO reports
= open seat
= turnout is above provincial average
= winning candidate was in previous Legislature
= incumbent had switched allegiance
= previously incumbent in another riding
= not incumbent; was previously elected to the Legislature
= incumbency arose from byelection gain
= incumbency arose from prior election result being overturned by the court
= other incumbents renominated
= joint Conservative candidate
= Prohibition candidate
= joint Liberal candidate
= previously an MP in the House of Commons of Canada
= multiple candidates
Analysis
Party candidates in 2nd place[ 1]
Party in 1st place
Party in 2nd place
Total
Accl
Con
Lib
Lab
Temp
C-Tmp
Ind
I-Con
Proh
LAT
Conservative
3
65
1
9
2
2
1
1
84
Liberal
1
22
1
24
Labour
1
1
Independent Liberal
1
1
Liberal-Temperance
1
1
Total
4
24
66
1
9
2
2
1
1
1
111
Candidates ranked 1st to 4th place, by party[ 1]
Parties
Accl
1st
2nd
3rd
4th
█ Conservative
3
81
24
2
█ Liberal
1
23
66
1
█ Labour
1
1
2
█ Independent Liberal
1
1
█ Liberal-Temperance
1
█ Temperance
9
█ Independent
2
3
█ Conservative-Temperance
2
█ Independent Conservative
1
1
█ Liberal Anti-Temperance
1
█ Prohibitionist
1
█ Socialist
11
1
Resulting composition of the 10th Legislative Assembly of Ontario[ 1]
Source
Party
Con
Lib
Lab
I-Lib
L-Tmp
Total
Seats retained
Incumbents returned
52
9
1
62
Acclamations
3
1
4
Open seats held
6
2
8
Seats changing hands
Incumbents defeated
4
6
1
11
Open seats gained
2
4
6
Byelection gains held
2
2
Incumbent changed allegiance
1
1
2
New seats
New MLAs
6
2
8
Previously incumbent
8
8
Total
84
24
1
1
1
111
Results summary by region
Distribution of seats and popular vote %, by party by region (1914)
Region
Candidates
Seats
Vote share (%)
Con
Lib
Temp
Soc
Ind
Lab
Ind-Con
Ind-Lib
Lib-Anti-T
Total
Con
Lib
Lab
Ind-Lib
L-Temp
Con
Lib
Temp
Lab
Ind
Soc
Ind-Lib
Ind-Con
Lib-Anti-T
Northern Ontario
12
10
1
1
3
–
–
–
–
27
10
2
–
–
–
50.66%
39.96%
2.45%
–
5.58%
1.35%
–
–
–
Ottawa Valley
9
8
–
–
–
1
–
2
–
20
5
3
–
1
–
44.86%
48.49%
–
0.76%
–
–
5.89%
–
–
St Lawrence Valley
6
6
1
1
–
–
1
–
–
15
6
1
–
–
–
56.54%
30.95%
5.48%
–
–
0.25%
–
6.77%
–
Georgian Bay
8
7
1
–
–
–
–
–
–
16
7
1
–
–
–
58.31%
38.11%
3.58%
–
–
–
–
–
–
Central Ontario
15
10
3
1
2
–
1
–
–
32
12
3
–
–
–
57.45%
30.92%
5.45%
–
5.41%
0.21%
–
0.56%
–
Wentworth-Halton-Niagara
9
6
1
1
–
2
–
–
–
19
7
1
1
–
–
54.31%
26.01%
4.11%
14.10%
–
1.47%
–
–
–
Midwestern Ontario
21
18
4
4
–
–
–
–
1
48
14
7
–
–
1
50.49%
39.09%
7.78%
–
–
1.94%
–
–
0.69%
Southwestern Ontario
14
13
–
–
–
1
–
–
–
28
7
6
–
–
–
51.70%
47.67%
–
0.62%
–
–
–
–
–
Peel-York-Ontario
6
5
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
11
6
–
–
–
–
54.00%
46.00%
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
Toronto
10
8
2
4
–
–
–
–
–
24
10
–
–
–
–
63.94%
29.87%
4.59%
–
–
1.61%
–
–
–
Total
110
91
13
12
5
4
2
2
1
240
84
24
1
1
1
54.40%
37.54%
3.89%
1.31%
0.97%
0.91%
0.45%
0.38%
0.14%
MLAs elected by region and riding
Party designations are as follows:
Conservative
Liberal
Labour
Italicized names indicate members returned by acclamation .
Northern Ontario
Ottawa Valley
Saint Lawrence Valley
Georgian Bay
Central Ontario
Wentworth/Halton/Niagara
Midwestern Ontario
Southwestern Ontario
Peel/York/Ontario
Toronto
Reorganization of ridings
The newly created ridings returned the following MLAs:
Seats that changed hands
Elections to the 12th Parliament of Ontario – unaltered seats won/lost by party, 1911–1914
Party
1911
Gain from (loss to)
1914
Con
Lib
Lab
I-Lib
L-Tmp
L-Con
Conservative
71
8
(8)
(1)
1
71
Liberal
20
8
(8)
(1)
19
Labour
1
1
Independent-Liberal[ a 1]
–
1
1
Liberal-Temperance
–
1
1
Liberal–Conservative [ a 2]
1
(1)
–
Total
93
9
(9)
9
(9)
–
–
–
(1)
–
(1)
1
–
93
There were 20 seats that changed allegiance in the election:
Liberal to Conservative
Liberal to Independent-Liberal
Liberal-Conservative to Conservative
Conservative to Liberal
Conservative to Liberal-Temperance
Acclamations
When nominations closed, three candidates were acclaimed.[ 2] A later withdrawal in Kenora enabled the acclamation of Harold Arthur Clement Machin .[ 8]
Forbes Godfrey (York West ) was acclaimed because the Liberal candidate was held to have missed the deadline by one minute.[ 2] In Wellington East , the Liberals opted not to press a similar case against the Conservative candidate, whose nomination papers were filed 90 minutes after the deadline.[ 9]
See also
Notes and references
Notes
^ Joseph Octave Reaume , previously in Essex North , failed to receive his party's nomination for the new riding. He campaigned anyway under the Conservative banner, and received 1,911 votes.
References
Further reading