PROFILPELAJAR.COM

مشاريع مملوكة من قبل الدولة (بالإنجليزية: state-owned enterprise (SOE))‏ أو التي تسمى بعدة تسميات بالإنجليزية، والتي تعني الشركات التي تمولها الحكومة أو السلطات العامة بشكل كلي أو بنصف النسبة المقدرة ب51%.

القطاع الاقتصادي

غالبا ما ينطبق على عمل هذه الشركات الاحتكار التلقائي أو الطبيعي وتقع ضمن اهداف الحكومة الاستراتيجية. التأميم أيضا يساعد على نشؤ الشركات المملوكة للحكومة مثل قناة السويس في مصر

بلجيكا

National Railway Company of Belgium
Infrabel
RTBF
Bpost
Vlaamse Radio- en Televisieomroeporganisatie
Belgacom (53.3%)
Belgischer Rundfunk
Fluxys (2.1%)
SFPI-FPIM
Elia System Operator (5.37%)
Ethias (25%)
Belfius (100%)
Brussels Airport (25%)

الملخص

Government corporations by field and by country
Postal	Railways	الصيدلة	Gambling	Alcohol	الرعاية الصحية	الجامعات	الهواتف	Broadcasting	النفط والغاز	الطاقة	الماء	الطيرات	الطرق
الأرجنتين	mix (Correo Argentino)	Yes (Administración de Infraestructuras Ferroviarias)	mix (LIFSE)	yes (Lotería Nacional)	mix (INV)	mix	mix (public universities)	no	mix (TV Pública Digital, LRA Radio Nacional, Télam)	yes (YPF)	mix (Enarsa, CNEA)	mix	mix (EZE, CRD, BHI, etc.)	mix
أستراليا	Yes (Australia Post) monopoly on postal delivery of letters to 250g	mix (Australian Rail Track Corporation; varies by State)	mix (PBS funding only; no retail competition)	mix (varies by State)	no	mix (Medicare)	mix	mix (NBN Co wholesale only; no retail competition)	mix (ABC, SBS)	no	mix (varies by State)	mix (varies by State)	mix (varies by State)	mix (varies by State)
بلجيكا	Yes (Bpost)	yes (NMBS/SNCB)	no	mix (Nationale Loterij/Lotterie Nationale)	no	mix	mix	mix (Belgacom)	mix (VRT, RTBF, BRF)	no	mix	mix	yes
البرازيل	Yes (Correios)	mix (pt:VALEC, pt:CBTU, Trensurb)	no	yes (Caixa Econômica Federal)	mix (إيثانول only)	mix (SUS)	mix (public universities)	mix (Telebras)	mix (Agência Brasil)	mix (بتروبراز)	mix (Eletrobras)	mix (varies by State)	mix (Infraero)	no
كندا	Yes (Canada Post)	mix (فيا رايل كندا), passenger rail; freight is private.	no	varies by province	varies by province (LCBO, SAQ, SLGA)	yes (Medicare)	95% publicly governed charitable trusts (public universities)	varies by province (Sasktel)	mix (CBC)	private enterprise favored	varies by province (Hydro-Québec, BC Hydro, Hydro One, Manitoba Hydro, Nalcor, SaskPower)	varies by province	publicly governed by local authority in trust; see above	Except 407 ETR
تشيلي	Yes (Correos de Chile)	yes (EFE)	no	mix	no	yes (FONASA)	mix (public universities)	no	mix (TVN)	yes (ENAP)	no	no	mix (SCL, CCP, IPC, etc.)	mix
كولومبيا	Yes (4-72)	no	no	mix (Etesa) ^[ا]	varies by department	Nueva EPS	mix (جامعة كولومبيا الوطنية), plus various local ones	mix (Telefónica Telecom) (Empresas Públicas de Medellín)	mix (Radio Televisión Nacional de Colombia)	mix (Ecopetrol)	(ISA Emgesa)	mix
Czech Republic	Yes (Česká pošta)	yes (České dráhy)	no	no	no	yes (VZP)	mix	no	mix (Česká televize, Český rozhlas)	no	majority-held ČEZ Group
Denmark	Yes (Post Danmark)	mix (Banedanmark, DSB)	no	yes (Danske Spil)	no	mix	mix (قائمة الجامعات في الدنمارك; vast majority of all universities)	mix	mix (DR)	mix (Energinet.dk)	mix (DONG Energy)	municipalities	mix (Københavns Lufthavne)	yes (Helsingørmotorvejen)
فنلندا	De facto (Itella)	de facto (VR)	no	yes (Veikkaus, RAY, Fintoto)	yes (Alko)	mix (بلديات فنلندا)	mix (All universities are state owned, few private ammattikorkeakoulu/yrkeshögskola, which is variously translated as polytechnic or as a University of Applied Sciences)	mix (تلياسونيرا)	mix (YLE)	de facto (Neste)	mix (Fortum)	yes (municipal)	yes (Finavia)	mix (Destia)
فرنسا	Yes (La Poste)	yes (SNCF)	no	mix (Française Des Jeux)	no	mix (CMU)	mix (EPSCP)	mix (أورنج)	mix (تلفزيون فرنسا)	no	mix (كهرباء فرنسا، CEA)	mix	mix	mix
ألمانيا	Mix (Deutsche Post)	mix (DB)	no	no	no	mix (BG)	mix	mix (DTAG)	mix (ARD, ZDF, Deutschlandradio)	no	mix (Stadtwerke Köln)	mix	yes (دولة)	yes (by federal and state governments)
اليونان	De facto (ELTA)	de facto (OSE, TrainOSE)	no	mix (OPAP)	no	mix (ESY)	mix (All institutions titled as Universities are state owned whereas there are numerous private colleges)	mix (OTE)	mix (NERIT)	mix (ELPE)	mix (DEI)	mix
Iceland	De facto (Íslandspóstur)	no railways in Iceland	no	no gambling in Iceland	yes (ÁTVR)	mix	mix	no	mix (RÚV)	no oil industry in Iceland	mix (Landsvirkjun)
India	Yes (India Post)	yes (سكك الحديد الهندية)	mix (IDPL)	no	mix, varies by state (BEVCO, TASMAC)	mix	mix	mix (BSNL)	mix (محطة تلفزيون دوردارشان، إذاعة كل الهند)	mix (ONGC), مؤسسة النفط الهندي	yes	mix	mix (Airports Authority of India)	mix
Indonesia	Yes (Pos Indonesia)	de facto (PT Kereta Api)	mix (Kimia Farma, etc.)	no	no	mix	mix (public universities)	mix (Telkom Indonesia)	mix (TVRI and RRI)	mix (Pertamina and PGN)	yes (Perusahaan Listrik Negara)	mix	mix (Angkasa Pura)	mix (Jasa Marga)
Republic of Ireland	Yes (An Post)	yes (Iarnród Éireann)	no	mix National Lottery, (Prize Bond, HRI, BnaC)	no	mix (Health Service Executive)	mix	no	mix (RTE, Teilifís na Gaeilge)	mix (Ervia)	mix (ESB, BMN),	mix (Irish Water)	mix (Dublin Airport Authority, etc.)	de facto (National Roads Authority)
Israel	Yes (Do'ar Yisrael)	de facto (خطوط السكك الحديدية الإسرائيلية)	no	yes (Mifal HaPayis)	yes	mix	yes	mix	mix (IBA, IETV, صوت إسرائيل etc.)	mix (Oil Refineries)	mix (IEC)	de facto (Mekorot)	yes (IAA)	mix (Netivei Israel)
Italy	De facto (Poste italiane)	mix (FS)	no	yes (AAMS)	no	mix (SSN)	mix	no	mix (RAI)	mix (Eni)	mix (Enel)	mix	mix (AOT, REG, ALL etc.)	mix (ANAS)
Japan	Mix (JapanPost)	mix (JR)	no	yes (JRA etc.)	no	mix (NHI)	mix	mix (NTT)	mix (NHK)	no	no	yes	mix (NRT, مطار طوكيو هانيدا الدولي، ITM, etc.)
Republic of Korea	De facto (Korea Post)	de facto (Korea Railroad Corporation)	no	yes (Kangwon Land Inc.)	no	de facto (NHIS)	mix	de facto (KT Corporation)	mix (KBS, EBS)	de facto (KNOC, KOGAS)	de facto (KEPCO)	de facto (K-WATER)	yes (KAC, ICN)	mix (Korea Expressway Corporation)
Malaysia	Yes (Pos Malaysia)	de facto (KTMB, SSR, Prasarana)	mix	no	no	mix	mix (التعليم في ماليزيا)	mix (Telekom Malaysia)	mix (RTM)	yes (Petronas)	mix (Tenaga Nasional, Sarawak Energy)	mix	mix (Malaysia Airports)	de facto (Malaysian Federal Roads System, Malaysian State Roads system)
Mexico	Mix (Servicio Postal Mexicano)	mix (Ferrocarril Transistmico)	mix (e.g. in public hospitals)	no	no	mix (Mexican Social Security Institute, Institute for Social Security and Services for State Workers)	mix (الجامعة الوطنية المستقلة في المكسيك، National Polytechnic Institute and state universities among others)	no	mix (Once TV México, Notimex, XEIMT-TV)	yes (Pemex)	yes (electricity: CFE)	mix (varies by state/municipality)	mix (Aeropuertos y Servicios Auxiliares, مطار بينيتو خواريز الدولي)	mix (Caminos y Puentes Federales)
Netherlands	No	mix (Nederlandse Spoorwegen),^[ب] passenger rail. Freight is private	no	yes (Holland Casino)	no	mix	mix(Dutch universities) except Nyenrode Business University	no	mix (Netherlands Public Broadcasting)	no	no	yes
New Zealand	Yes (NZ Post)	yes (KiwiRail)	no	yes (New Zealand Lottery Commission)	no	mix (District health boards)	yes	no	mix (TVNZ)	no	mix (Genesis Energy, Meridian Energy, Mighty River Power, Solid Energy, Transpower New Zealand Limited)	yes	mix	yes (State Highway network)
Norway	Yes (Posten Norge)	yes (NSB)	no	yes (Norsk Tipping)	yes (Vinmonopolet)	yes, via state monopoly	mix	mix (تيلينور)	mix (NRK)	mix (ستات أويل، Petoro)	yes (Statkraft, and various municipally owned companies)	mix	mix (Avinor)
Peru	Yes (Serpost)	no	no	no	no	mix (EsSalud)	yes (local ones, including (جامعة سان ماركوس الوطنية)	no	yes (TV Peru)	yes (Petroperú)	mix	yes (only in local water supply and sewage services, including Sedapal)
Philippines	Yes (PhilPost)	yes (PNR)	no	yes (PAGCOR)	no	yes	yes (UP)	no	mix (PTV)	mix (PNOC)	mix (NAPOCOR)	mix
Portugal	no	mix (Comboios de Portugal)	no	no	no	mix	mix	no	mix (Rádio e Televisão de Portugal)	no	no	mix (Águas de Portugal)	no	mix
Russia	Yes (Russian Post)	de facto (Russian Railways)	no	mix (Gosloto, etc.)	no	mix (Mandatory Medical Insurance)	mix	mix (Rostelecom, TransTelekom)	mix (VGTRK, 1TV, TVC, Public Television, Zvezda, RT, صوت روسيا via monopolies Russian Satellite Communications Company and RTRS)	mix (Rosneft, Gazprom Neft via monopoly Transneft)	mix (Inter RAO, Rosenergoatom, RusHydro, غازبروم via monopoly Russian Grids)	mix	mix	de facto (federal highways, Rosavtodor, Avtodor)
Singapore	Yes (SingPost)	mix (SMRT)	mix	yes (Singapore Pools)	mix	mix (SingHealth)	mix (NUS, NTU, SIT, SUTD)	yes (SingTel)	yes (MediaCorp)	yes (SNOC)	mix (Temasek)	mix (PUB)	yes	yes
Spain	Yes (Correos)	mix (FEVE, Renfe Operadora, Adif)	no	mix (Loterías y Apuestas del Estado)	no	mix (Spanish National Health System)	mix (public universities)	mix	mix (EFE, RTVE)	mix (Enagas)	mix (Red Electrica de España)	mix	mix (Aena)	mix
Sweden	De facto (Posten AB)	de facto (SJ, Green Cargo)	mix (أبوتكت)	yes (Svenska Spel)	yes (Systembolaget)	mix	mix (All state-owned except 3 universities Chalmers University of Technology (owned by government,faculty,student union run as a private entity), Stockholm School of Economics (22% from state funds) and Jönköping University Foundation	mix (تلياسونيرا)	mix (SVT)	no	de facto (Vattenfall, Svenska Kraftnät)	mix	mix (Swedavia)	yes (Svevia)
Switzerland	Yes (Swiss Post)	yes (SBB/CFF/FFS)	mix (نوفارتس، هوفمان-لا روش etc.)	no	no	mix	mix	mix (سويسكوم)	mix (SRG SSR)	no	mix	mix	mix
Thailand	Yes (Post)	yes (State Rail)	yes (GPO)	yes (State Lotto)	_{Alcohol Permit}	mix (MOPH)	mix (public universities)	mix (Telecom)	mix (MCOT)	mix (PTT)	yes (EGAT)	yes	yes
Turkey	Yes (PTT)	yes (TCDD)	no	yes (Millî Piyango İdaresi)	no	mix	mix (state universities)	no	mix (TRT)	mix (TPAO)	mix	mix (State Hydraulic Works)	mix
United Arab Emirates	Yes (Emirates Post)	no	mix	no	_{Liquor permit}	mix (GCC, ضمان (شركة تأمين صحي في الامارات))	mix	yes (TRA)	yes (DMI)	mix (ENOC, شركة بترول أبوظبي الوطنية، etc.)	mix (TAQA)	yes	mix
Ukraine	Yes (Ukrposhta)	Yes (Ukrainian Railways)	no	yes	no	mix	mix	no	mix	mix	yes	yes	mix	yes
United Kingdom	Mix (Royal Mail, Post Office Ltd)	mix (Northern Ireland Railways, East Coast) (Network Rail)^[ج]	no	mix (Premium Bond)	no	mix (NHS)	mix (publicly funded universities)	no	mix (BBC, Channel Four, S4C)	no	no	Mix (Scottish Water, Northern Ireland Water)	mix
United States	Yes (USPS)	mix (أمتراك), passenger rail; freight is private	no	mix (State Lotteries)	varies by state (ABC store states)	mix (Medicare, Medicaid, Military Health System)	mix (U.S. military service academies, public universities)	no	mix (CPB, BBG, VOA)	no	mix (TVA)	mix	mix	mix (U.S. Routes, the Interstate)
Uruguay	Yes (Correo Uruguayo)	yes (AFE)	no	mix (Casinos del Estado)	no	mix	mix (UdelaR)	mix (ANTEL)	mix (SODRE)	mix (ANCAP)	mix (UTE)	yes (OSE)	mix
Venezuela	Yes (Ipostel)	yes (IFE)	mix	mix	mix	mix (Mission Barrio Adentro)	mix (SCV, ULA), UIV, etc.	yes (CANTV)	mix (TVes, ANTV, VTV)	yes (PDVSA)	mix (CVG)	yes
Vietnam	Yes (VNPT)	yes (Vietnam Railways)	mix	no gambling in Vietnam	yes	mix	mix (public universities)	mix (VNPT, Viettel)	de facto (VTV, VTC, Voice of Vietnam)	yes (Petrovietnam, Petrolimex)	yes (EVN)	mix	yes (Airports Corporation)
Postal	Railways	Pharmacy	Gambling	Alcohol	Health care	Universities	Telephone	Broadcasting	Oil & Gas	Energy	Water	Airports	Highways

المرجع "Network Rail" المذكور في <references> غير مستخدم في نص الصفحة.
المرجع "Nederlandse Spoorwegen" المذكور في <references> غير مستخدم في نص الصفحة.

المرجع "etesa" المذكور في <references> غير مستخدم في نص الصفحة.

ملاحظات

^ اكتب عنوان المرجع بين علامتي الفتح <ref> والإغلاق </ref> للمرجع etesa
^ اكتب عنوان المرجع بين علامتي الفتح <ref> والإغلاق </ref> للمرجع Nederlandse Spoorwegen
^ اكتب عنوان المرجع بين علامتي الفتح <ref> والإغلاق </ref> للمرجع Network Rail