"For his new Electrical Experiments: – as an encouragement to him for the readiness he has always shown in obliging the Society with his discoveries and improvements in this part of Natural Knowledge"
"For his invention of an Engine for driving the Piles to make a Foundation for the Bridge to be erected at Westminster, the Model whereof had been shown to the Society"
"On account of his curious Experiments for showing the resistance of the Air, and his rules for establishing his doctrine thereon for the motion of Projectiles"
"On account of a very curious Book lately published by him, and intiyled, A Natural History of Birds, &c. – containing the Figures elegantly drawn, and illuminated in their proper colours, of 209 different Birds, and about 20 very rare Quadrupeds, Serpents, Fishes, and Insects."
"On account of his communicating to the Society, and exhibiting before them, his curious method of making Artificial Magnets without the use of Natural ones"
"For the many Experiments made by him on Platina, which tend to the discovery of the sophistication of gold: – which he would have entirely completed, but was obliged to put a stop to his further enquiries for want of materials"
"On account of his very curious and useful invention of making Thermometers, showing respectively the greatest degrees of heat and cold which have happened at any time during the absence of the observer"
"On account of his curious Experiments concerning Water-wheels and Wind-mill Sails, communicated to the Society. For his experimental enquiry concerning the powers of water and wind in the moving of Mills"
"For his very ingenious and elegant Experiments in the Air Pump and Condensing Engine, to prove the Compressibility of Water, and some other Fluids" “因他在空气泵和冷凝机方面进行了非常巧妙和优雅的实验，证明了水和一些其他流体的压缩性”
"For his Experiments and Observations on the agreement between the specific gravities of the several Metals, and their colours when united to glass, as well as those of their other preparations."
"For his Paper, giving an account of the method he had taken to preserve the health of the crew of H.M. Ship the Resolution, during her late voyage round the world. Whose communication to the Society was of such importance to the public"
"For the Communication of his Discovery of a new and singular Star; a discovery which does him particular honour, as, in all probability, this star has been for many years, perhaps ages, within the bounds of astronomic vision, and yet till now, eluded the most diligent researches of other observers"
"For his Mathematical Communications to the Society. For his Paper On the Summation of Series, whose general term is a determinate function of z the distance from the first term of the series"
"For his three Papers, – On the Ovaria, On the identity of the dog, wolf, and jackall species, and On the anatomy of Whales, printed in the Philosophical Transactions for 1787"
"For his various inventions and improvements in the construction of the Instruments for the Trigonometrical measurements carried on by the late Major General Roy, and by Lieut. Col. Williams and his associates"
"For his Paper on the construction and analysis of geometrical propositions determining the positions assumed by homogeneal bodies which float freely, and at rest; and also determining the Stability of Ships and other floating bodies"
"For his improved Solution of a problem in Physical Astronomy, &c. printed in the Philosophical Transactions for the year 1798; and his other Mathematical Papers"
"For his Papers – on the effects which take place from the destruction of the Membrana Tympani of the Ear; with an account of an operation for the removal of a particular species of Deafness"
"For his Papers printed in the Philosophical Transactions. On the influence of the Brain on the action of the Heart, and the generation of Animal Heat; and on the different modes in which death is brought on by certain Vegetable Poisons"
"For his Communications concerning the Alcohol contained in Fermented Liquors and other Papers, printed in the Philosophical Transactions" “因为他在《自然科学会报》上发表的关于发酵酒中酒精含量的通讯”
"For the Discovery of the Magnetic Properties of substances not containing Iron. For the Discovery of the power of various bodies, principally metallic, to receive magnetic impressions, in the same, though in a more evanescent manner than malleable Iron, and in an infinitely less intense degree. "
"For his Papers, On the principle of the construction of the Achromatic Eye-pieces of Telescopes, – On the Spherical Aberration of the Eye-pieces of Telescopes, and for other Papers on Optical Subjects in the Transactions of the Cambridge Philosophical Society"
"For his discovery of Magneto-Electricity as detailed in his Experimental Researches in Electricity, published in the Philosophical Transactions for the present year."
"For his systematic application of the doctrine of definite proportions to the analysis of mineral bodies, as contained in his Nouveau Systeme de Mineralogie, and in other of his works."
"For his discoveries relating to the structure of the liver, as detailed in his paper communicated to the Royal Society, and published in the Philosophical Transactions for 1833."
"For his various memoirs on the subject of electricity, published in the Memoires deacademie Royale des Sciences de lInstitut de France, and particularly for those on the production of crystals of metallic sulphurets and of sulphur, by the long-continued action of electricity of very low tension, and published in the tenth volume of those Memoires. "
"For his researches into the laws of electric currents contained in various memoirs published in Schweiggers Journal, Poggendorffs Annalen and in a separate work entitled Die galvanische Kette mathematisch bearbeitet"
"For his late valuable researches in organic chemistry, particularly those contained in a series of memoirs on chemical types and the doctrine of substitution, and also for his elaborate investigations of the atomic weights of carbon, oxygen, hydrogen, nitrogen and other elements"
"For his physiological researches on the development of animal & vegetable textures, published in his work entitled Mikroskopische Untersuchungen uber die Uebereinstimmung in der Struktur u. dem Wachsthun der Thiese u. Bflanzen"
"For his investigations relative to the disturbances of Uranus by which he proved the existence and predicted the place of the new Planet; the Council considering such prediction confirmed as it was by the immediate discovery of the Planet to be one of the proudest triumphs of modern analysis applied to the Newtonian Theory of Gravitation"
"For his work entitled Results of Astronomical Observations made during the years 1834, 1835, 1836, 1837 and 1838, at the Cape of Good Hope; being a completion of a telescopic survey of the whole surface of the visible heavens, commenced in 1825"
"For the eminent services he has rendered to geological science during many years of active observation in several parts of Europe; and especially for the establishment of that classification of the older Palaeozoic deposits designated the Silurian System, as set forth in the two works entitled The Silurian System founded on Geological Researches in England, and The Geology of Russia in Europe and the Ural Mountains"
"For his important contributions to different branches of physiology and comparative anatomy, and particularly for his researches on the embryology of the Echinodermata, contained in a series of memoirs published in the Transactions of the Royal Academy of Sciences of Berlin"
"For his eminent researches in palaeontology and other branches of science, and particularly for his great works the Poissons Fossiles, and his Poissons du Vieux Gres Rouge dEcosse"
"For three memoirs of the diffusion of liquids, published in the Philosophical Transactions for 1850 and 1851; for a memoir on osmotic force in the Philosophical Transactions for 1854; and particularly for a paper on liquid diffusion applied to analysis, including a distinction of compounds into colloids & crystalloids published in the Philosophical Transactions for 1861"
"For his original observations and discoveries in the geology of the Palaeozoic Series of rocks, and more especially for his determination of the characters of the Devonian System, by observations of the order of superposition of the Killas rocks & their fossils in Devonshire" 因其在古生代岩石系地质学方面的原始观察和发现，尤其是通过观察德文郡基拉斯岩石及其化石的叠加顺序，确定了泥盆纪系统的特征
"For the second volume of his Relation des Experiences pour determiner les lois et les donnees physiques necessaries au calcul des machines a feu, including his elaborate investigations on the specific heat of gases and vapours, and various papers on the elastic force of vapours"
"For his researches on the mechanics of heat; including essays on: – 1. The force of inorganic nature. 2. Organic motion in connection with nutrition. 3. Fever. 4. Celestial dynamics. 5. The mechanical equivalent of heat"
"For his numerous contributions to the science of chemistry, and more especially for his researches on the products of the decomposition of cyanogens by ammonia; on the derivatives of uric acid; on the benzoyl series; on boron, silicon, & their compounds; and on meteoric stones"
"For his biological, geological, and mineralogical investigations, carried on through half a century, and for the valuable works in which his conclusions and discoveries have been published"
"For his discovery of the organic ammonias, the glycols, and other investigations which have exercised considerable influence on the progress of chemistry"
"For (1) his discovery of the law of the universal dissipation of energy; (2) his researches and eminent services in physics, both experimental & mathematical, especially in the theory of electricity and thermodynamics"
"For his investigations on the morphology and histology of vertebrate and invertebrate animals, and for his services to biological science in general during many past years"
"In recognition of his important work in embryology, comparative anatomy, and physiology, and especially for his eminence as a histologist" 以表彰他在胚胎学、比较解剖学和生理学方面的重要工作，尤其是他作为组织学家的卓越贡献
"In recognition of the value of his physiological and pathological researches in regard to their influence on the modern practice of surgery" 为他的生理学和病理学研究对现代手术实践所造成的影响
"For his eminent geological services, & especially for the original researches & conclusions published in his great work 'Das Antlitz der Erde'" 为他在地质学上的贡献，特别是总结發表在《地球的面貌》中杰出的原创工作
"For his long-continued researches in spectroscopic chemistry, on electrical & mechanical phenomena in highly-rarefied gases, on radio-active phenomena, and other subjects" 为其长期从事光谱化学、稀有气体的电学和力学现象、放射性现象和其他学科的研究
"On the ground of the great value of his numerous contributions to natural history, and of the part he took in working out the theory of the origin of species by natural selection" 为其在自然史领域的许多有巨大价值的贡献，及其在物种起源的自然选择理论中的工作
"For the valuable work he has done in physiology and histology and the position he now occupies as a leader in these sciences" 因他在生理学和组织学方面所做的宝贵工作，以及他在这些科学领域的领导地位
"For his distinguished work on the solar magnetic phenomena and for his eminence as a scientific engineer, especially in connexion with Mount Wilson Observatory" 以其在太阳磁学现象方面上的杰出工作，以及作为一名科学工程师，在建立威尔逊山天文台上的贡献
"In recognition of his discoveries in human physiology and of their application to medicine, mining, diving and engineering" 以表彰他在人体生理学方面的发现及其在医学、采矿、潜水和工程上的应用
"In recognition of his pioneer work in Crete, particularly his contributions to the history and civilization of its Minoan age" 感谢他在克里特岛的先驱工作，特别是他对米诺斯文明和历史的贡献
"In recognition of his important contributions to physiology and pharmacology, particularly in relation to the nervous and neuro-muscular systems" 以表彰他在生理学和药理学方面的重要贡献，特别是在神经和神经-肌肉系统方面
"For his establishment of the modern science of genetics which had revolutionized our understanding, not only of heredity, but of the mechanism and nature of evolution" 因其创立了现代的遗传学，这不仅彻底改变了我们对遗传的理解，而且也改变了我们对进化机制和本质的理解
"For his pioneer work on the electron theory of magnetism, his fundamental contributions to discharge of electricity in gases, and his important work in many branches of theoretical physics" 因为他在磁性电子理论方面的开创性工作，他对气体放电的基本贡献，以及他在理论物理学的许多分支中的重要工作
"For his research work of outstanding originality and brilliance which has influenced the whole field of organic chemistry" 因其研究工作具有突出的独创性和才智，影响了整个有机化学领域
"For his many contributions to aerodynamics, hydrodynamics, and the structure of metals, which have had a profound influence on the advance of physical science and its applications"
"For his distinguished work on the chemistry of radioactive elements and especially for his development of the radioactive tracer techniques in the investigation of biological processes"
"In recognition of his numerous and distinguished contributions to developing the theory and application of statistics for making quantitative a vast field of biology"
"In recognition of his distinguished contributions to many branches of analysis, including Tauberian theory, the Riemann zeta function, and non-linear differential equations"
"In recognition of his distinguished researches in the field of chemical kinetics, including the study of biological reaction mechanisms, and of his outstanding contributions to natural philosophy"
"In recognition of his discovery of the mechanism of excitation and impulse conduction in nerve, and his outstanding leadership in the development of neurophysiology"
"In recognition of his distinguished contributions to knowledge of the fundamental processes involved in transmission across the neuromuscular junction"
"In recognition of her outstanding work on the structures of complex molecules, particularly Penicillin, vitamin B12 and insulin" “以表彰她在复杂分子结构上的出色工作，特别是青霉素、维生素B12与胰岛素”
"In recognition of his distinguished work on the chemical structure of proteins and his studies on the sequences of nucleic acids" “以表彰其在蛋白质化学结构以及核苷酸测序上的杰出工作”
"In recognition of his masterly contributions to the synthesis of complex natural products and his discovery of the importance of orbital symmetry" “以表彰他在人工合成复杂天然产物上的巨大贡献以及对轨道对称的重要性的发现”
"In recognition of his distinguished contributions to molecular biology through his own studies of the structure and biological activity of haemoglobin and his leadership in the development of the subject" “以表彰他在血红蛋白结构和生物学活性研究上做出的杰出贡献，以及他在分子生物学的学科发展中的领导作用”
"In recognition of his distinguished contributions to a wide range of problems in structural and synthetic organic chemistry and , in particular, his introduction of conformational analysis into stereochemistry" “以表彰他在结构和合成有机化学的诸多问题上的杰出贡献，特别是他将构象分析引入立体化学”
"In recognition of his distinguished contribution to biology in his formulation and development of the chemiosmotic theory of energy transduction" “以表彰他建立和发展了化學滲透理论对生物中的能量转换的认识的杰出贡献”
"In recognition of his distinguished research on the stereochemically-controlled synthesis and biosynthesis of biologically important molecules" “以表彰他在化学合成的立体可控性和重要生物分子的生物合成上的杰出研究”
"In recognition of his elucidation of the structure of immunoglobulins and of the reactions involved in activating the complement system of proteins" “以表彰他阐明了免疫球蛋白的结构和蛋白补体系统的激活反应”
"In recognition of his distinguished work on theoretical physics, including stellar structure, theory of radiation, hydrodynamic stability and relativity" “以表彰他在理论物理方面的杰出工作，包括恒星结构、辐射理论、流体动力稳定性和相对论”
"In recognition of his outstanding contributions to our understanding of complex biological structures and the methods used for determining them" “以表彰他对阐明复杂生物结构的杰出贡献及用以定义这些结构的方法”
"In recognition of his fundamental contributions to a very wide range of theoretical physics, and signal advances in proposing the probable existence of nuclear chain reactions in fissile materials" “以表彰他在理論物理學廣泛領域的基礎貢獻，以及對於提議易裂變材料會發生核子連鎖反應的可能性這標誌性進展”
"In recognition of his pioneering contributions to the understanding of the nature and mechanism of the main pathway of electron transport in photosynthesis" “以表彰他在理解光合作用的电子传递主要途径的性质和机理上的开创性贡献”
"In recognition of his fundamental contributions to a wide range of topics in geometry, topology, analysis and theoretical physics" “以表彰他在几何学、拓扑学、分析和理论物理学等多个领域的基础贡献”
"In recognition of his outstanding contributions to immunology, in particular to the discovery of monoclonal antibodies and to the understanding of the role of somatic mutations in the maturation of the immune response" “以表彰他在免疫学上的杰出贡献，特别是单克隆抗体的发现以及对体细胞突变在免疫反应成熟中起的作用的理解”
"In recognition of his work on the symmetries of the laws of nature, and especially the unification of the electromagnetic and weak forces" “以表彰他在自然对称之律特别是弱相互作用与电磁相互作用的统一理论上的贡献”
"In recognition of his many contributions to molecular genetics and developmental biology, and his recent role in the Human Genome mapping project" “以表彰其在分子生物与发育生物学的上的许多贡献，及其近期在人类基因组计划中的角色”
"In recognition of his contributions to fundamental understanding of fast photochemical and photophysical processes and their role in chemistry and biology" “以表彰他对快速光化学和光物理学进程的基础解释及其在化学和生物学中的应用”
"In recognition of his tireless pursuit of DNA, from the elucidation of its structure to the social and medical implications of the sequencing of the human genome" “以表彰他对DNA的不倦寻求，从阐明其结构直到人类基因组测序对社会和医学所产生的影响”
"In recognition of his fundamental contribution to the theory of crystal morphology, in particular to the source of dislocations and their consequences in interfaces and crystal growth; to fundamental understanding of liquid crystals and the concept of disclination; and to the extension of crystallinity concepts to aperiodic crystals. He has also contributed through a variety of remarkable insights into a great number of physical problems"
"In recognition of his contribution to animal virology with special emphasis on the pox and myxomatosis viruses and their relationship with the host in causing disease"
"In recognition of his contribution to the understanding of mechanical properties of materials and related topics through his pioneering studies on crystal plasticity, dislocation impurity interactions, fracture and irradiation effects"
"In recognition of his pioneering work on the structure of muscle and on the molecular mechanisms of muscle contraction, providing solutions to one of the great problems in physiology" “以表彰他在肌肉结构和肌肉收缩的分子机制方面的开创性工作，为生理学中的一个重大问题提供了解决方案”
"In recognition of his profound contributions to many fields within fluid mechanics including important aspects of the interaction of sound and fluid flow and numerous other contributions which have had practical applications in aircraft engine design. He is noted also for his ground-breaking work on both external bio-fluid-dynamics – analysis of mechanisms of swimming and flying – and internal bio-fluid-dynamics, including flow in the cardiovascular system and the airways, and cochlear mechanics and other aspects of hearing" “以表彰他在流体力学的许多领域做出的深刻贡献，包括声音和流体流动相互作用的重要方面，以及在飞机发动机设计中具有实际应用的许多其他贡献。他还以其在外部生物流体动力学（游泳和飞行机制分析）和内部生物流体动力学（包括心血管系统和气道中的流动）以及耳蜗力学和听力的其他方面的开创性工作而闻名”
"In recognition of his seminal contributions to evolutionary biology, including his experimental work on sexual selection, his important contributions to our understanding of ageing, his introduction of game theoretical methods for the analysis of complex evolutionary scenarios and his research into molecular evolution, both through his classic work on genetic hitchhiking, and with his more recent, ongoing work on bacterial population growth" “以表彰他在进化生物学的开创性贡献，包括他对性选择理论的试验性工作，他在我们了解老化上的重要贡献，他引入博弈论方法来对复杂进化场景进行分析和他对分子进化的研究以及他对遗传搭车（英语：genetic hitchhiking）的经典之作并他近来对细菌数量生长的工作”
"In recognition of his pioneering work in elucidating the detailed biosynthetic pathways to all the major families of plant alkaloids. His approach, which stands as a paradigm for future biosynthetic studies on complex molecules, combines isolation work, structure determination, synthesis, isotopic labelling and spectroscopy, especially advanced NMR, as well as genetics and molecular biology. This spectacular research revealed the entire pathway to vitamin B12"
"For his work on the immunological function of the thymus and of T cells, which has revolutionised the science of immunology. Professor Millers work is paving the way for designing new methods to improve resistance to infections, producing new vaccines, enhancing graft survival, dealing with autoimmunity and even persuading the immune system to reject cancer cells"
"For his development of computational methods in quantum chemistry. His work transformed density functional theory into a powerful theoretical tool for chemistry, chemical physics and biology"
"For his unique range of groundbreaking discoveries in the fields of cell and developmental biology. He pioneered the concept that specialised cells are genetically equivalent and that they differ only in the genes they express not the genes they contain, a concept fundamental to modern biology"
"in recognition of his seminal contributions to understanding the fundamental dynamics of carbon chain molecules, leading to the detection of these species (polyynes) in the interstellar medium by radioastronomy, and thence to the genesis of a new era in carbon science"
"for his seminal studies of interactions within and among biological populations that have reshaped our understanding of how species, communities and entire ecosystems respond to natural or human created disturbance."
"for his beautiful and original insights into many areas of mathematics and mathematical physics. Sir Roger has made outstanding contributions to general relativity theory and cosmology, most notably for his work on black holes and the Big Bang."
"For his numerous scientific contributions and, in particular, for initiating research on two‐dimensional atomic crystals and their artificial heterostructures."
"For his fundamental contribution to particle physics with his theory explaining the origin of mass in elementary particles, confirmed by the experiments at the Large Hadron Collider."
"In recognition of his fundamental and revolutionary contributions to the development of electron microscopy of biological materials, enabling their atomic structures to be deduced."
"In recognition of his exceptional contributions to the science and technology of materials, including his discovery that led to rechargeable lithium batteries."
"He has developed and applied the methods of protein engineering to provide descriptions of protein folding pathways at atomic resolution, revolutionising our understanding of these processes."
^ 143.0143.1Two medals were awarded to celebrate the Society's 350th anniversary: Recent award winners 2010. The Royal Society. [2010-10-06]. （原始内容存档于2013-06-30）
^存档副本. The Royal Society. [2012-09-06]. （原始内容存档于2013-11-13）.
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