印尼矛尾鱼

印尼矛尾鱼
化石时期:全新世, Ma
科学分类 编辑
界: 动物界 Animalia
门: 脊索动物门 Chordata
纲: 腔棘魚綱 Coelacanthimorpha
目: 腔棘鱼目 Coelacanthiformes
科: 矛尾鱼科 Latimeriidae
属: 矛尾鱼属 Latimeria
种:
印尼矛尾鱼 L. menadoensis
二名法
Latimeria menadoensis
Pouyaud et al, 1999[2]

印尼矛尾魚学名Latimeria menadoensis),又稱蘇拉威西島矛尾魚,是腔棘魚目矛尾魚屬的其中一。1997年,在印尼蘇拉威西島發現了一種奇特的魚,經基因測試發現這個標本在基因上與西印度洋矛尾魚略有差異。後來於2000年被正式描述,是為矛尾魚的另一個物種。分子分析估計兩個物種的分支時間大約在2,500萬年前。

物種已被評定為易危

分佈

主要分佈在蘇拉威西島附近,南沙群島菲律賓群島也有微量分佈。

特征

长度可达2米,重量高达110公斤,比西印度洋矛尾鱼略大。

保护现状

本种并非经济鱼类,也非渔业捞捕对象,其确切种群数量未知,但每5到10年间会有1、2尾鱼误遭捞捕上岸,自有记录以来不超过30次,显示其种群数量稀少,且栖息范围有限,生长与繁殖周期长,又会受深海防鲨网、鱼钩等误捕,因而2003年开始被世界自然保护联盟评定为易危物种[1]

本种在印尼被列为受保护动物,它们栖息所在的布纳肯国家公园海域也禁止使用防鲨网。濒危野生动植物物种国际贸易公约也将本种列入附录一,禁止国际贸易。[1]

参考文献

  1. ^ 1.0 1.1 1.2 Erdmann, M. 2008. Latimeria menadoensis. The IUCN Red List of Threatened Species 2008: e.T135484A4129545. http://dx.doi.org/10.2305/IUCN.UK.2008.RLTS.T135484A4129545.en. Downloaded on 23 December 2018.
  2. ^ Pouyaud, Laurent; Wirjoatmodjo, Soetikno; Rachmatika, Ike; Tjakrawidjaja, Agus; Hadiaty, Renny; Hadie, Wartono. Une nouvelle espèce de cœlacanthe. Preuves génétiques et morphologiques. Comptes Rendus de l'Académie des Sciences - Series III - Sciences de la Vie. 1999-04, 322 (4): 261–267. doi:10.1016/S0764-4469(99)80061-4. 

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