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味觉感受器，类型2，成员31
味觉感受器，类型2，成员31
标识
代号	TAS2R31; T2R31; T2R44; T2R53; TAS2R44
扩展标识	遗传学：612669 鼠基因：2681304 同源基因：89249 IUPHAR: GeneCards: TAS2R31 Gene
基因本体论描述
分子功能	· G-protein coupled receptor activity;
细胞成分	· integral to membrane;
生物过程	· sensory perception of taste;
	Sources: Amigo / QuickGO
直系同源体
物种	人类
Entrez	259290
Ensembl	ENSG00000256436
UniProt	P59538
mRNA序列	NM_176885
蛋白序列	NP_795366
基因位置	Chr 12:; 11.18 – 11.18 Mb
PubMed查询	[1]
	查; 论; 编;

味觉感受器，类型2，成员31，TAS2R31 是一个人类基因组中TAS2R31基因编码的蛋白质，是苦味味觉感受器的一员。^[1]这个苦味感受器已被证明在体外可与糖精起反应。^[2]

TAS2R31和其它几种苦味感受器也在人类呼吸道平滑肌细胞上表达。它们在这些细胞中的活化会导致细胞内钙离子增加，从而触发钾离子通道打开，使细胞膜超极化，平滑肌放松。因此，这些受体的活化会导致支气管扩张。^[3]

该基因的多态性也与甜味剂安赛蜜的苦味感有关。(PMID 23599216)

另见

味觉感受器

参考文献

^ Entrez Gene: TAS2R31 taste receptor, type 2, member 31.
^ Kuhn C, Bufe B, Winnig M, Hofmann T, Frank O, Behrens M, Lewtschenko T, Slack JP, Ward CD, Meyerhof W. Bitter taste receptors for saccharin and acesulfame K. J. Neurosci. November 2004, 24 (45): 10260–5. PMID 15537898. doi:10.1523/JNEUROSCI.1225-04.2004.
^ Deshpande DA, Wang WC, McIlmoyle EL, Robinett KS, Schillinger RM, An SS, Sham JS, Liggett SB. Bitter taste receptors on airway smooth muscle bronchodilate by localized calcium signaling and reverse obstruction. Nat. Med. November 2010, 16 (11): 1299–304. PMC 3066567 . PMID 20972434. doi:10.1038/nm.2237.

延伸阅读

Margolskee RF. Molecular mechanisms of bitter and sweet taste transduction.. J. Biol. Chem. 2002, 277 (1): 1–4. PMID 11696554. doi:10.1074/jbc.R100054200.
Montmayeur JP, Matsunami H. Receptors for bitter and sweet taste.. Curr. Opin. Neurobiol. 2002, 12 (4): 366–71. PMID 12139982. doi:10.1016/S0959-4388(02)00345-8.
Bufe B, Hofmann T, Krautwurst D; et al. The human TAS2R16 receptor mediates bitter taste in response to beta-glucopyranosides.. Nat. Genet. 2002, 32 (3): 397–401. PMID 12379855. doi:10.1038/ng1014.
Strausberg RL, Feingold EA, Grouse LH; et al. Generation and initial analysis of more than 15,000 full-length human and mouse cDNA sequences.. Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A. 2003, 99 (26): 16899–903. PMC 139241 . PMID 12477932. doi:10.1073/pnas.242603899.
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Conte C, Ebeling M, Marcuz A; et al. Identification and characterization of human taste receptor genes belonging to the TAS2R family.. Cytogenet. Genome Res. 2003, 98 (1): 45–53. PMID 12584440. doi:10.1159/000068546.
Pronin AN, Tang H, Connor J, Keung W. Identification of ligands for two human bitter T2R receptors.. Chem. Senses. 2005, 29 (7): 583–93. PMID 15337684. doi:10.1093/chemse/bjh064.
Gerhard DS, Wagner L, Feingold EA; et al. The status, quality, and expansion of the NIH full-length cDNA project: the Mammalian Gene Collection (MGC).. Genome Res. 2004, 14 (10B): 2121–7. PMC 528928 . PMID 15489334. doi:10.1101/gr.2596504.
Fischer A, Gilad Y, Man O, Pääbo S. Evolution of bitter taste receptors in humans and apes.. Mol. Biol. Evol. 2005, 22 (3): 432–6. PMID 15496549. doi:10.1093/molbev/msi027.
Kuhn C, Bufe B, Winnig M; et al. Bitter taste receptors for saccharin and acesulfame K.. J. Neurosci. 2005, 24 (45): 10260–5. PMID 15537898. doi:10.1523/JNEUROSCI.1225-04.2004.