Adobe Flash

此條目介紹的是多媒體軟體平台。关于應用程式、動畫軟體，请见「Adobe Animate」。关于播放器，请见「Adobe Flash Player」。
Adobe Flash
開發者
  • 哈曼（2021－為企業用戶呈現）
  • Adobe（2005年–2020年）
  • Macromedia（1996年–2005年）
  • FutureWave（1996年）
目標平台跨平台
編輯軟體
執行軟體
格式
程式語言ActionScript
許可協議專有軟體

Adobe Flash（前稱 Macromedia Flash 和 Shockwave Flash；簡稱 Flash），前身為 FutureSplash，是指 Adobe Flash Professional 多媒體設計軟體，也指 Adobe Flash Player。自 Macromedia 公司於2005年12月3日被 Adobe 公司收購後 Flash 納入 Adobe 旗下軟體。2011年11月9日，Adobe 公司宣布停止開發個人電腦平台以外的 Flash Player，轉向專注於開發非專利標示語言 HTML5。目前已走向 HTML 和 APP 雙併行模式，2014年後技術漸趨成熟。

Flash 原為網路上多媒體設計的主流軟體，但在 Adobe 逐漸向 HTML5 靠攏後將其棄用。Flash Player 於2020年12月31日正式结束更新，Adobe 發出通知要求使用者將其停用。[1][2]

歷史

Flash的前身是1993年由FutureWave Software發行的名為SmartSketch的產品。該公司由Charlie Jackson、Jonathan Gay和Michelle Welsh創立。SmartSketch是觸控筆作業系統PenPoint OS的向量繪圖程式[3][4][5][6]。當PenPoint OS在市場上失敗後，SmartSketch被移植到Microsoft Windows和Mac OS上[4][7]。

隨著網際網路的普及，FutureWave意識到了向量式網路動畫工具的潛力，當時這類工具的競爭對手有Macromedia Shockwave技術[3][4]。1995年，FutureWave在SmartSketch的基礎上增加動畫製作功能，並在Macintosh和PC上以FutureSplash Animator的命名發表了此新產品[3][4][8][9]。

FutureWave在1995年向Adobe Systems提出FutureSplash Animator出售邀約，但是被Adobe拒絕了[4]。當時微軟正在開發MSN 2.0，使用了FutureSplash Animator[4]；同樣使用該產品的還有迪士尼公司的Disney Daily Blast訂閱服務[3][4]；福斯廣播公司使用FutureSplash Animator發表了動畫辛普森家庭[4]。

1996年11月，Macromedia收購了FutureWave，並將其FutureSplash Animator命名為Macromedia Flash 1.0。

2005年，隨著Adobe收購了Macromedia公司，包括Flash、Dreamweaver和Fireworks等Macromedia產品線都被納入Adobe旗下。

主要文件格式

文件格式 說明
swf Shockwave Flash的縮寫，有時會被念作「swiff」或「swaif」[10]。這是一個完整的影片檔，無法被編輯。SWF在發佈時可以選擇保護功能，如果沒有選擇，很容易被別人輸入到他的原始檔中使用。然而保護功能依然阻止不了眾多破解軟體的破解，有不少閃客專門以此來學習別人的程式碼和設計方式。
fla Flash的原始檔，只能用Adobe Flash打開編輯。
as ActionScript的缩写，是一種程式語言的簡單文字檔案。FLA檔案能夠直接包含ActionScript，但是也可以把它存成AS檔做為外部連結檔案（如定义ActionScript類別则必须在写在as文件裡，再匯入以加入類別），以方便共同工作和更進階的程式修改。
flv Flash Video的簡稱，FLV串流媒體格式是一種視頻格式，它的出現有效地解決了視頻文件導入Flash後，使導出的SWF文件體積龐大，不能在網路上有效使用等缺點。
exe 匯出Flash的時候的執行檔。如果我們要傳送Flash動畫給別人，要把它存成執行檔。目前支援至Windows 8 。
apk 匯出適用Android平台檔案，可單獨安裝執行；或送至Google Play平台審核，成為可搜尋下載軟件。詳見Adobe AIR。
ipa 匯出適用IOS平台檔案，送至App store平台審核，成為可搜尋下載軟件。詳見Adobe AIR。

参见

参考文献

  1. ^ FLASH & THE FUTURE OF INTERACTIVE CONTENT. Adobe Systems. July 25, 2017 [2018-04-07]. （原始内容存档于2017-09-07）. 
  2. ^ 林妍溱. 今天到期！Adobe發出移除Flash Player通知. iThome. 2020-12-31 [2021-01-04]. （原始内容存档于2021-01-22） （中文（繁體））. 
  3. ^ 3.0 3.1 3.2 3.3 Grandmasters of Flash: An Interview with the Creators of Flash （页面存档备份，存于互联网档案馆）, Cold Hard Flash
  4. ^ 4.0 4.1 4.2 4.3 4.4 4.5 4.6 4.7 MACROMEDIA FLASH BACK （页面存档备份，存于互联网档案馆）, Digital Archaeology
  5. ^ PC Graphics & Video, Volume 6, Issues 1–6 （页面存档备份，存于互联网档案馆）, Advanstar Communications, 1997
  6. ^ Personal Computer Magazine （页面存档备份，存于互联网档案馆）, PC Communications Corporation, 1995
  7. ^ The History of Flash: Back to Graphics. [2021-01-17]. （原始内容存档于2015-01-01）. 
  8. ^ The History of Flash: The Dawn of Web Animation. [2021-01-17]. （原始内容存档于2008-01-25）. 
  9. ^ Grandmasters of Flash: An Interview with the Creators of Flash. ColdHardFlash.com. [February 12, 2008]. （原始内容存档于2018-10-18）. 
  10. ^ SWF File Format Specification. [2022-08-04]. （原始内容存档于2016-03-05）. 

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