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約翰·沃諾克

約翰·沃諾克
2008年的沃諾克
出生John Edward Warnock
(1940-10-06)1940年10月6日
 美國猶他州鹽湖城
逝世2023年8月19日(2023歲—08—19)(82歲)
 美國加利福尼亞州洛斯阿爾托斯
母校猶他大學 (理學學士理學碩士)
知名于Adobe
PostScript
可攜式文件格式 (PDF)

約翰·愛德華·沃諾克(英語:John Edward Warnock,1940年10月6日—2023年8月19日),是一位美國電腦科學家,與查爾斯·格施克共同創立Adobe。2000年,他辭去執行長的職務,但沃諾克仍與格施克共同擔任董事會主席。沃諾克率先開發圖形、出版、Web和電子文檔的技術,徹底改變出版和視覺通信領域。

早年生活和教育

沃諾克出生於1940年10月6日,在猶他州鹽湖城長大[1]。儘管沃諾克在1958年從奧林匹斯高中畢業時九年級數學不及格,但他後來在猶他大學獲得了數學和哲學理學學士學位、電氣工程(計算機科學)哲學博士學位,以及榮譽科學學位[2]。在猶他大學期間,他是Beta Theta Pi兄弟會Gamma Beta分會的成員[3]。此外,他還被授予美國電影學院的榮譽學位。他與平面設計師妻子Marva M. Warnock定居在舊金山灣區。Marva曾是加利福尼亞州帕羅奧圖Marsh Design的前合夥人兼平面設計師,以創建標誌性的Adobe徽標而聞名,同時也是非營利組織的設計師[4]。他們育有三名子女[5]

職業生涯

沃諾克最早的出版物和他的碩士論文的主題是他於1964年證明的解決行有限矩陣的雅各布森根根式定理[6],該定理最初由美國數學家納森·雅各布森於1956年提出[7]

在1969年的博士論文中,沃諾克發明了用於計算機圖形學中隱藏表面確定的沃諾克算法[8]。這個算法的工作原理是通過遞歸地細分場景,直到獲得易於計算的區域,從而解決了渲染複雜圖像的問題。如果場景足夠簡單,就直接進行渲染;否則,就將場景分成較小的部分並重複過程[9]。由於這項工作,沃諾克得到了他所謂的「猶他大學歷史上最短的博士論文」的稱號[10]。這個解決隱藏表面問題的沃諾克算法使得計算機能夠渲染實體對象,而當時大多數計算機的圖像渲染只是簡單的線條圖。該算法於1970年出現在《科學美國人》雜誌封面,並附有伊凡·蘇澤蘭的文章[11]

1976年,當沃諾克在位於鹽湖城的計算機圖形公司Evans & Sutherland工作時,他開始了PostScript語言的概念[12]。然後,1978年,他在施樂帕羅奧多研究中心查爾斯·格施克一起工作[13][14]。由於無法説服施樂高層將InterPress語言商業化,用以在任意一台計算機上控制列印操作,最終,他們在1982年創辦了Adobe[15]。在新公司中,他們重新開發了類似的技術,即PostScript,並於1985年推出蘋果的LaserWriter印表機中首次得到應用[16]

1986年底,沃諾克發明了Adobe Illustrator,這是一種用於計算機繪圖的程序,使用線條和貝茲曲線來渲染圖像。最初,他開發這個軟件是為了自動執行他妻子Marva(一位平面設計師)常常要處理的手動任務。這個軟件於1987年初發布[17]

1991年春天,沃諾克概述了一個名為“Camelot”的系統,該系統後來演化成為可攜式文件格式(PDF)文件的格式。Camelot的目標是“有效地從任何應用程序中捕獲文檔,將這些文檔的電子版本發送到任何地方,並在任何設備上查看和打印這些文檔[保留原文]”。在他的文件設想中:

進一步想像一下,如果IPS(Interchange PostScript)查看器還配備了文本搜索功能。在這種情況下,用戶可以找到包含特定單詞或短語的所有文檔,然後在文檔內的上下文中查看該單詞或短語。整個圖書館的資料可以以電子形式進行存檔......[18]

Adobe流行的字體之一被命名為沃諾克,以紀念其創始人[19]

Adobe的PostScript技術使得從計算機打印文本和圖像變得更加容易,徹底改變了20世紀80年代的媒體和出版業[20]

該創始人擁有七項專利[21][22]。除了Adobe Systems之外,他還曾在ebrary、奈特·里德報業、MongoNet、網景Salon Media Group等公司擔任董事會成員。他還曾擔任聖何塞創新科技博物館的主席[22][22]。他還曾是美國電影學會和聖丹斯學院的董事會成員。

他的愛好包括攝影、滑雪網頁程式設計、繪畫、徒步旅行,管理稀有科學書籍以及美洲原住民歷史物品[23]

逝世

2023年8月19日,年屆82歲的沃諾克因胰腺癌在加利福尼亞州洛斯阿爾托斯去世[24][25][1]

參考文獻

  1. ^ 1.0 1.1 Rosenwald, Michael S. John Warnock, Adobe CEO who led desktop publishing revolution, dies at 82. Washington Post. 22 August 2023 [24 August 2023]. 
  2. ^ Lerner, Evan. Remembering John Warnock. The John and Marcia Price College of Engineering at the University of Utah. August 21, 2023 [August 22, 2023]. (原始内容存档于2023-08-22). 
  3. ^ Famous Betas - Gamma Theta Chapter. www.wsubeta.org. [August 22, 2023]. (原始内容存档于2023-08-22). 
  4. ^ Finding Solutions: John and Marva Warnock Supporting Moran Research to Cure Blinding Diseases. Moran Eye Center News (University of Utah Health). March 6, 2019 [August 24, 2023]. (原始内容存档于2023-12-03). 
  5. ^ Harrington, Jim. Adobe co-founder John Warnock, a giant in the tech world, dies at 82. The Mercury News. August 20, 2023 [August 22, 2023]. (原始内容存档于2023-08-29). 
  6. ^ Sexauer NE and; Warnock, J. E. The Radical of the Row-Finite Matrices over an Arbitrary Ring. Transactions of the American Mathematical Society (American Mathematical Society). 1969, 139: 281–295. JSTOR 1995321. doi:10.1090/s0002-9947-1969-0238889-9可免费查阅. 
  7. ^ Jacobson, Nathan, Structure of rings, American Mathematical Society, Colloquium Publications, vol. 37, 190 Hope Street, Providence, R. I.: American Mathematical Society: 200, 1956, MR 0081264 .
  8. ^ Warnock, John. A hidden surface algorithm for computer generated halftone pictures (PDF) (学位论文). University of Utah. 1969. The algorithm was Warnock's doctoral thesis. , 32 pages
  9. ^ Daintith, John; Wright, Edmund. Oxford Dictionary of Computing. Oxford University Press. 2009. ISBN 978-0-19-923400-4. , 608 pages
  10. ^ Jason Matthew Smith. The Innovator: University of Utah alum and Adobe pioneer John Warnock recollects his path to a publishing revolution. (PDF). Continuum The Magazine of the University of Utah (University of Utah). Spring 2013 [November 28, 2014]. (原始内容 (PDF)存档于June 1, 2013). 
  11. ^ Ivan E. Sutherland. Computer Displays. Scientific American. June 1, 1970 [August 11, 2023]. (原始内容存档于2023-08-12). 
  12. ^ Perry, Tekla S. Inventing Postscript, the Tech That Took the Pain out of Printing. IEEE Spectrum. May 1, 1988 [August 23, 2023]. (原始内容存档于2023-08-25). 
  13. ^ Charles Geschke and John Warnock | Lemelson. lemelson.mit.edu. [August 22, 2023]. (原始内容存档于2023-08-22). 
  14. ^ Proven, Liam. RIP: Computer graphics pioneer John Warnock dies at 82. www.theregister.com. August 21, 2023 [August 22, 2023]. (原始内容存档于2023-08-24) (英语). 
  15. ^ John Warnock, who helped invent the PDF, dies at 82 - CBS News. CBS News. August 21, 2023 [August 22, 2023]. (原始内容存档于2023-09-09). 
  16. ^ Kan, Michael. John Warnock, Adobe Co-Founder Who Helped Invent the PDF, Dies at 82. PCMag Middle East. August 21, 2023 [August 22, 2023]. (原始内容存档于2023-08-27) (en-ae). 
  17. ^ Anubhav Rohatgi. Adobe Explains It All: Adobe Illustrator. Adobe Corporate Communications. March 23, 2015 [August 11, 2023]. (原始内容存档于2023-08-12). 
  18. ^ Warnock, John. The Camelot Project (PDF). PlanetPDF. 1991. (原始内容 (PDF)存档于March 4, 2009). This document describes the base technology and ideas behind the project named "Camelot." This project's goal is to solve a fundamental problem [...] there is no universal way to communicate and view ... printed information electronically. 
  19. ^ Warnock | Adobe Fonts. fonts.adobe.com. [August 22, 2023]. (原始内容存档于2023-08-22). 
  20. ^ Diaz, Jesus. The legendary John Warnock forever changed the way we communicate. Fast Company. August 21, 2023 [August 22, 2023]. (原始内容存档于2023-08-22). 
  21. ^ Lovos, Milagros. John Warnock. IEEE Computer Society. 4 April 2018 [August 22, 2023]. (原始内容存档于2023-08-21). 
  22. ^ 22.0 22.1 22.2 Biancuzzi, Federico; Warden, Shane. Masterminds of Programming: Conversations with the Creators of Major Programming Languages. O'Reilly Media. 28 March 2009: 456 [August 22, 2023]. ISBN 978-0-596-51517-1. (原始内容存档于2023-08-25) (英语). 
  23. ^ Nagy C, et al. Warnock J and Warnock M , 编. The Splendid Heritage:perspectives on American Indian art. Salt Lake City: University of Utah Press. 2009: 223. ISBN 978-0874809602. OCLC 294998662. 
  24. ^ 存档副本. [2023-08-25]. (原始内容存档于2023-08-24). 
  25. ^ Adobe Co-Founder Dr. John Warnock Passes at 82. Business Wire. August 20, 2023 [August 22, 2023]. (原始内容存档于2023-08-22) (英语). 

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