鈦酸異丙酯

鈦酸異丙酯

IUPAC名 Titanium isopropoxide
别名	异丙醇钛钛酸四异丙酯
识别
CAS号	546-68-9 ^Y
InChI	1S/4C3H7O.Ti/c41-3(2)4;/h43H,1-2H3;/q4*-1;+4
性质
化学式	C₁₂H₂₈O₄Ti
摩尔质量	284.26 g·mol⁻¹
外观	无色液体
密度	0.937 g/cm³
熔点	18–20 °C
沸点	85 °C/1.5 mm Hg
溶解性（水）	水解生成TiO₂ 可溶于许多有机溶剂
相关物质
其他阳离子	异丙醇铝
若非注明，所有数据均出自标准状态（25 ℃，100 kPa）下。

鈦酸異丙酯（英語：Titanium isopropoxide）是钛的异丙醇盐，化学式为Ti[OCH(CH₃)₂]₄，用于有机合成和材料科学中。

鈦酸異丙酯的结构复杂。晶态时，异丙醇钛为四聚体，分子式为Ti₄(OCH₃)₁₆。^[1]非极性溶剂中不聚合，^[2]为四面体型反磁性分子。

制备

鈦酸異丙酯可由四氯化钛和异丙醇反应制得，副产物为氯化氢：

TiCl₄ + 4 (CH₃)₂CHOH → Ti[OCH(CH₃)₂]₄ + 4 HCl

性质

鈦酸異丙酯水解生成二氧化钛：

Ti{OCH(CH₃)₂}₄ + 2 H₂O → TiO₂ + 4 (CH₃)₂CHOH

该反应是溶胶-凝胶法合成含TiO₂材料的基础。产物的特性由添加剂（如乙酸）、加水的量以及混合速度决定 ^[3]。

鈦酸異丙酯用作Sharpless不对称环氧化反应中的路易斯鹼、Kulinkovich反应制备三元环的催化剂，以及合成前手性硫醚立体选择性氧化时所用的异丙醇钛衍生物催化剂。^[4]

参考资料

^ Wright D. A.; Williams, D. A. “The Crystal and Molecular Structure of Titanium Tetramethoxide” Acta Crystallographica 1968, Volume B24, pages 1107-1114. doi:10.1107/S0567740868003766
^ Bradley, D. C.; Mehrotra, R.; Rothwell, I.; Singh, A. “Alkoxo and Aryloxo Derivatives of Metals” Academic Press, San Diego, 2001. ISBN 0121241408.
^ Hanaor, D.A.H.; Chironi, I.; Karatchevtseva, I.; Triani, G.; Sorrell, C.C. Single and Mixed Phase TiO₂ Powders Prepared by Excess Hydrolysis of Titanium Alkoxide. Advances in Applied Ceramics. 2012, 111 (3): 149–158 [2015-10-25]. doi:10.1179/1743676111Y.0000000059. （原始内容存档于2021-04-24）.
^ S. H. Zhao, O. Samuel, H. B. Kagan “Enantioelective Oxidation of a Sulfide:: (S)-(-)-Methyl p-Tolyl Sulfoxide” Organic Syntheses, Collected Volume 8, p.464 (1993).http://www.orgsyn.org/orgsyn/pdfs/CV8P0464.pdf

钛化合物

钛(II)

有机钛(II)化合物	(C₅H₅)₂Ti(CO)₂

钛(III)

钛(IV)

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