蓓天翼龍屬

贊貝利蓓天翼龍
化石时期：三疊紀，213 Ma[1]
▼
蓓天翼龍的副模標本（編號MCSNB 3359）
科学分类 编辑
界： 动物界 Animalia
门： 脊索动物门 Chordata
纲： 蜥形纲 Sauropsida
目： †翼龍目 Pterosauria
属： †蓓天翼龙属 Peteinosaurus
种：
†贊貝利蓓天翼龍 P. zambellii
二名法
†Peteinosaurus zambellii
Wild，1978

蓓天翼龍屬（屬名：Peteinosaurus）又名翅龍，是種史前爬行動物，屬於翼龍目。牠們生存於三疊紀的諾利階，約2億2100萬到2億1000萬年前。屬名意為「有翼的蜥蜴」[2][3][4]，而種名zambellii則是紀念貝加莫自然歷史博物館的館長Rocco Zambelli。蓓天翼龍是由德國古生物學家Rupert Wild在1978年所敘述、命名[5]。

目前已在義大利Cene附近發現三個化石：正模標本（編號MCSNB 2886）破碎且非天然狀態；第二個標本是天然狀態的副模標本（編號MCSNB 3359），然而缺乏任何蓓天翼龍的可鑑定特徵，因此可能是個不同的種。[6]蓓天翼龍的副模式標本擁有長尾巴，長度為20公分，並藉由沿者脊椎的骨化肌腱，使得尾巴更為堅挺；這特徵在三疊紀翼龍類中相當普及。如同大部分翼龍類，蓓天翼龍的骨頭輕型但堅固，所以牠們的體重非常輕。蓓天翼龍有三種型態的圓錐狀牙齒。蓓天翼龍被認為是食蟲性動物[6]。蓓天翼龍的第五趾長，缺乏趾爪。其關節允許第五趾彎曲到與其他趾骨不同水平面，其功能仍未明[6]。

演化與分類

腔骨龙和蓓天翼龙在三叠纪晚期环境生活的复原图

蓓天翼龍是已知最古老的翼龍類之一，翼展約60公分，與後來的翼龍類無齒翼龍相比，體型非常小。與其他翼龍類相比，蓓天翼龍的翼展相對較小，只有後肢的兩倍長度[6]。其他翼龍類的翼展是後肢長度的三倍以上[6]。蓓天翼龍的牙齒只有一個尖頭，牙齒無特化，與同屬三疊紀義大利翼龍類的真雙型齒翼龍不同[6]。這些特徵顯示蓓天翼龍是已知最原始的翼龍類[6]。蓓天翼龍可能是雙型齒翼龍的祖先，兩者共組雙型齒翼龍科[6]。

大眾文化

蓓天翼龍出現在英國1999年的電視節目《與恐龍共舞》（Walking with Dinosaurs）的第一集，但出現的時間並不長。蓓天翼龍也出現在2003年的電視節目《海底霸王》（Sea Monsters）。

參考資料

  1. ^ Wellnhofer, Peter (1991). "Summary of Triassic Pterosaurs." The Illustrated Encyclopedia of Pterosaurs. London, UK: Salamander Books Limited. p. 67. ISBN 0-86101-566-5.
  2. ^ Creisler, B. (2003). "Pterosauria Translation and Pronunciation Guide" 互联网档案馆的存檔，存档日期2010-09-20., Dinosauria On-Line.
  3. ^ Australian Broadcasting Corporation (1999). "Walking with Dinosaurs: Dino Fact File: Peteinosaurus" 互联网档案馆的存檔，存档日期2012-11-11..
  4. ^ Zimmerman, H. (2001). Beyond the dinosaurs!: Sky Dragons, Sea Monsters, Mega-Mammals, and Other Prehistoric Beasts. New York: Atheneum Books for Young Readers. Pg. 15. ISBN 0689841132.
  5. ^ Wild, R. (1978). "Die Flugsaurier (Reptilia, Pterosauria) aus der Oberen Trias von Cene bei Bergamo, Italien", Bolletino della Societa Paleontologica Italiana, 17 (2): 176-256.
  6. ^ 6.0 6.1 6.2 6.3 6.4 6.5 6.6 6.7 "Peteinosaurus." In: Cranfield, Ingrid (ed.). The Illustrated Directory of Dinosaurs and Other Prehistoric Creatures. London: Salamander Books, Ltd. Pp. 282-283.
  • Haines, Tim, and Paul Chambers. The Complete Guide to Prehistoric Life. Pg. 72. Canada: Firefly Books Ltd., 2006.

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