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脑源性神经营养因子
脑源性神经营养因子
	PDB rendering based on 1bnd.
有效结构
PDB	直系同源检索：PDBe, RCSB
PDB查询代码列表
	1B8M, 1BND
标识
代号	BDNF; MGC34632
扩展标识	遗传学：113505 鼠基因：88145 同源基因：7245 GeneCards: BDNF Gene
基因本体论描述
分子功能	· protein binding; · growth factor activity;
细胞成分	· extracellular region; · cytoplasmic membrane-bounded vesicle;
生物过程	· ureteric bud development; · anti-apoptosis; · nervous system development; · negative regulation of neuroblast proliferation; · axon guidance; · axon target recognition; · learning or memory; · feeding behavior; · neuron recognition; · glutamate secretion; · dendrite development; · regulation of metabolic process; · nerve development; · mechanoreceptor differentiation; · response to drug; · fear response; · negative regulation of neuron apoptosis; · positive regulation of neuron differentiation; · regulation of retinal cell programmed cell death; · regulation of synaptic plasticity; · inner ear development;
	Sources: Amigo / QuickGO
RNA表达模式
	更多表达数据
直系同源体
物种	人类
Entrez	627
Ensembl	ENSG00000176697
UniProt	P23560
mRNA序列	NM_001143805.1
蛋白序列	NP_001137277.1
基因位置	Chr 11:; 27.68 – 27.74 Mb
PubMed查询	[1]
	查; 论; 编;

脑源性神经营养因子（brain-derived neurotrophic factor，BDNF，abrineurin^[1]）是人脑中的一种蛋白质，由脑源性神经营养因子基因生成。脑源性神经营养因子是神经营养因子中的一种，这种因子存在于人的神经系统中。

BDNF是大腦中含量最豐富的蛋白質，在腦部可以促進神經元 (神經細胞) 的生長，也促進大腦神經細胞突觸的成形。簡單來說，就是大腦非常需要的營養蛋白質。研究顯示，在大腦中掌管記憶的海馬迴中含有特別豐富的 BDNF ，對於突觸的生長以及長期記憶也非常重要。已經有許多國際研究顯示，缺乏 BDNF 將可能造成一些認知障礙，例如阿茲海默症，此為常見的退化性失智症之一。

另外，若長期處於壓力大或憂鬱的狀態，也可能會抑制大腦 BDNF 的分泌，影響記憶及認知功能，甚至於導致自律神經失調或海馬迴萎縮等更嚴重的問題。

註釋

^ Girotra P, Behl T, Sehgal A, Singh S, Bungau S. Investigation of the Molecular Role of Brain-Derived Neurotrophic Factor in Alzheimer's Disease. J Mol Neurosci. 2022 Feb;72(2):173-186. doi: 10.1007/s12031-021-01824-8. Epub 2021 Aug 23. PMID 34424488.

延伸閱讀

Fawzi MH, Kira IA, Fawzi MM, Mohamed HE, Fawzi MM. Trauma profile in Egyptian adolescents with first-episode schizophrenia: relation to psychopathology and plasma brain-derived neurotrophic factor. J. Nerv. Ment. Dis. January 2013, 201 (1): 23–9. PMID 23274291. doi:10.1097/NMD.0b013e31827ab268.
Vaynman S, Gomez-Pinilla F. Revenge of the "sit": how lifestyle impacts neuronal and cognitive health through molecular systems that interface energy metabolism with neuronal plasticity. J. Neurosci. Res. September 2006, 84 (4): 699–715. PMID 16862541. doi:10.1002/jnr.20979.
van Praag H, Christie BR, Sejnowski TJ, Gage FH. Running enhances neurogenesis, learning, and long-term potentiation in mice. Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A. November 1999, 96 (23): 13427–31. PMC 23964 . PMID 10557337.
Gómez-Pinilla F, Ying Z, Roy RR, Molteni R, Edgerton VR. Voluntary exercise induces a BDNF-mediated mechanism that promotes neuroplasticity. J. Neurophysiol. November 2002, 88 (5): 2187–95. PMID 12424260. doi:10.1152/jn.00152.2002.

Meerwijk, Esther L., Judith M. Ford, and Sandra J. Weiss. Brain regions associated with psychological pain: implications for a neural network and its relationship to physical pain. Brain imaging and behavior. 2013, 7 (1): 1–14. PMID 12424260. doi:10.1007/s11682-012-9179-y.

外部連結

Cotman CW, Berchtold NC. BDNF and Alzheimer's Disease—What's the Connection?. Alzforum: Live Discussions. Alzheimer Research Forum. 2004-01-28 [2008-08-21]. （原始内容存档于2008-10-11）.
Patten-Hitt E. Brain-Derived Neurotrophic Factor (BDNF). Sciencexpress. The HDLighthouse, Huntingtons Disease: Information and Community. 2001-06-14 [2008-08-21]. （原始内容存档于2008-07-25）.
Highfield R. Brain scans 'could reveal mental strength'. Science. Telegraph.co.uk. 2007-10-18 [2008-08-21]. （原始内容存档于2008-05-31）. Low BDNF activity promotes resilience

Template:Nerve growth factor family

[1] Girotra P, Behl T, Sehgal A, Singh S, Bungau S. Investigation of the Molecular Role of Brain-Derived Neurotrophic Factor in Alzheimer's Disease. J Mol Neurosci. 2022 Feb;72(2):173-186. doi: 10.1007/s12031-021-01824-8. Epub 2021 Aug 23. PMID 34424488.

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