綏嬪朴氏

綏嬪朴氏
位號
宮號嘉順宮
出生英祖四十六年(1770年)
婚年正祖十一年(1787年)
婚姻名份
逝世純祖二十二年十二月二十六(1823年2月6日)(53歲)
昌德宮之寶慶堂
谥号顯穆綏嬪→顯穆綏妃
祠廟徽慶園
親屬
父親贈領議政忠獻公朴準源
母親贈貞敬夫人原州元氏
朝鮮正祖李祘
夫之父朝鮮莊祖李愃
夫之母獻敬王后洪氏
夫之元配孝懿王后金氏
夫之側室元嬪洪氏和嬪尹氏宜嬪成氏
純祖李玜
淑善翁主(尚永明尉洪顯周)

嘉順宮顯穆綏嬪朴氏(1770年—1823年2月6日),朝鮮正祖的後宮嬪妃,本貫潘南朴氏,贈領議政忠獻公朴準源之女。

正祖十一年(1787年)因為後宮揀擇成為正一品嬪,封號為綏嬪,宮號為嘉順。當時正祖剛失去愛妃宜嬪成氏與唯一繼承人文孝世子,在王妃金氏和嬪尹氏皆無子的情況下另選後宮延續香火。

正祖的後宮中有生育王子的只有朴氏與宜嬪成氏,本來朝鮮的嫡庶子差別極大,後宮生育的王子能登上王位的少之又少。無奈孝懿王后一生都沒有生育,正祖又極為寵愛宜嬪成氏,便將宜嬪所生之子立為世子。可惜庶長子文孝世子6歲即夭折,隨後綏嬪入宮並生下庶二子李玜,並由孝懿王后收養作為元子,因此正祖將李玜立為世子,就是後來的純祖。綏嬪另在正祖十七年(1793年)生下一女淑善翁主,後來下嫁永明尉洪顯周

由於朝鮮嫡庶有別,再加上肅宗曾經頒下「後宮嬪御不得為王妃」的禁令,因此儘管綏嬪出身兩班貴族,又生下世子,依舊無法撼動向來被認為是「賢妃」的孝懿王后的王妃之位,而且當時純祖出生後立刻被孝懿王后收養,等於就是孝懿王后的兒子了。純祖即位後,由於綏嬪並非正祖的王妃,不能尊封王大妃,因此只能以她的宮號嘉順宮稱之,如同純祖的祖母惠慶宮洪氏,這是因為她們都是國王的生母卻因故不能成為王大妃。《純祖實錄》記載綏嬪與純祖之間的關係良好,純祖也頗孝順生母。純祖二十二年綏嬪於昌德宮寶慶堂過世,享年53歲(虛歲)。死後純祖將母親的牌位供奉在現七宮之一的景祐宮

高宗稱帝後,不僅將正祖孝懿王后分別追封為「正祖宣皇帝」與「孝懿宣皇后」,(因為高宗是過繼給孝明世子為子,所以正祖在輩分上為其曾祖父),更於光武五年(1901年)10月11日(農曆八月二十九)改封綏嬪為顯穆綏妃[1](一般的資料仍習慣稱呼為綏嬪朴氏)。一年後朝臣們以綏妃生育純祖的功勞,請求將綏妃追封為皇后以及祔廟,不過高宗並未同意。

家族

参考文献

  1. ^ 高宗實錄》41卷·三十八年10月11日條:「顯穆綏嬪尊封綏妃,攝上冊印,陳賀頒詔權停也。……」
  • 《朝鮮王朝實錄》页面存档备份,存于互联网档案馆
  • 雲石遺稿·戶曹判書朴公諡狀
  • 雲石遺稿·吏曹判書敦巖朴公諡狀
  • 錦石集·亡子宗翊壙誌
  • 《苍霞卷集之八先府君墓志》
  • 《苍霞卷集之九叔父咸昌府君行状》
  • 《敦岩卷集之八外祖遗安堂元公墓表》
  • 《潘南朴氏世谱》

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