小卡哈爾體RNA

小卡哈爾體RNA
小卡哈爾體RNA1的次級結構
识别符
代号 SCARNA1
Rfam RF00553
其他数据
RNA类型 snoRNA、scaRNA
域 動物

小卡哈爾體RNA（Small Cajal body-specific RNA，簡稱scaRNA）是動物細胞核卡哈爾體中的一類H/ACA匣（H/ACA box）snoRNA[1]，卡哈爾體為細胞組裝核小核糖核蛋白（snRNP）的位置。ScaRNA可在卡哈爾體中參與U1剪接體RNA（英语：U1 spliceosomal RNA）、U2剪接體RNA（英语：U2 spliceosomal RNA）、U4剪接體RNA（英语：U4 spliceosomal RNA）、U5剪接體RNA（英语：U5 spliceosomal RNA）和U12次要剪接體RNA（英语：U12 minor spliceosomal RNA）等剪接體RNA的甲基化（2'-O-甲基化）與假尿苷化修飾，另外果蠅的scaRNA還參與28S rRNA的修飾[2]。最早被發現的小卡哈爾體為U85 RNA，於2011年在人類細胞中發現[3]。

多數snoRNA與scaRNA均位於內含子中，隨其他基因一起轉錄，但有少數scaRNA為RNA聚合酶II獨立轉錄[4]，此類scaRNA中有數個還可被DGCR8和Drosha切割成更小的RNA碎片，這些碎片於核仁中可與其他蛋白組成RNP，可影響snoRNA對rRNA的修飾[5]。

參考文獻

  1. ^ Kiss AM, Jády BE, Bertrand E, Kiss T. Human box H/ACA pseudouridylation guide RNA machinery. Molecular and Cellular Biology. 2004, 24 (13): 5797–5807. PMC 480876 可免费查阅. PMID 15199136. doi:10.1128/MCB.24.13.5797-5807.2004. 
  2. ^ Deryusheva S, Gall JG. Novel small Cajal-body-specific RNAs identified in Drosophila: probing guide RNA function. RNA. 2013, 19 (12): 1802–1814. PMC 3884663 可免费查阅. PMID 24149844. doi:10.1261/rna.042028.113. 
  3. ^ Jády BE, Kiss T. A small nucleolar guide RNA functions both in 2′-O-ribose methylation and pseudouridylation of the U5 spliceosomal RNA. The EMBO Journal. 2001, 20 (3): 541–551. PMC 133463 可免费查阅. PMID 11157760. doi:10.1093/emboj/20.3.541. 
  4. ^ Gérard MA, Myslinski E, Chylak N, Baudrey S, Krol A, Carbon P. The scaRNA2 is produced by an independent transcription unit and its processing is directed by the encoding region.. Nucleic Acids Res. 2010, 38 (2): 370–81. PMC 2811027 可免费查阅. PMID 19906720. doi:10.1093/nar/gkp988. 
  5. ^ McLaurin DM, Logan MK, Lett KE, Hebert MD. Molecular determinants that govern scaRNA processing by Drosha/DGCR8.. Biol Open. 2020, 9 (10). PMC 7648615 可免费查阅. PMID 33037012. doi:10.1242/bio.054619. 

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