Móng guốc

Móng guốc của một con hươu

Móng guốc (tiếng Anh: Hoof) là bộ phận đầu ngón chân của một động vật móng guốc (thú móng guốc) được bảo bọc bởi một lớp phủ keratin dày và cứng chắc như lớp sừng, móng guốc có cấu tạo bao bọc gồm vỏ, đế, cạnh và kẽ móng có chức năng nâng đỡ trọng lực cho con vật. Móng guốc lý tưởng có trục móng guốc song song, thành móng dày, độ sâu đế vừa đủ, đế gót vững chắc và vòng tăng trưởng có kích thước bằng nhau. Hầu hết động vật móng guốc trên mặt đất sử dụng các đầu ngón chân của chúng, thường là móng, để duy trì toàn bộ trọng lượng cơ thể của chúng trong khi di chuyển, và cũng chỉ những đốt cuối của ngón chân có guốc mới chạm đất (diện tích tiếp xúc với đất hẹp).

Các động vật đeo guốc này thường được chia làm hai bộ lớn là Bộ guốc chẵn (Artiodactyls) là các động vật móng guốc chẵn có nghĩa là những loài này có số chẵn trên mỗi đầu ngón chân hay còn gọi là móng chẻ (Cloven hoof), các loài động vật nhai lại guốc chẵn là nhóm lớn nhất, ví dụ như hươu, bò rừng, gia súc, dê và cừu. Bộ guốc lẻ (Perissodactyls) là các loài thú đeo guốc đi trên một số ngón chân số lẻ ví dụ như ngựa, tê giác và heo vòi. Lạc đà cũng có ngón chân giống như móng guốc với đến chân cứng chắc nhưng thực tế chúng không có móng guốc.

Tham khảo

  • Keller, Anna; Clauss, Marcus; Muggli, Evelyne; Nuss, Karl (2009-07-15). "Even-toed but uneven in length: the digits of artiodactyls" (PDF). Zoology. 112 (4): 270–278. doi:10.1016/j.zool.2008.11.001. PMID 19386479.
  • Holbrook, Luke T. (1999-09-01). "The Phylogeny and Classification of Tapiromorph Perissodactyls (Mammalia)". Cladistics. 15 (3): 331–350. doi:10.1111/j.1096-0031.1999.tb00270.x. ISSN 1096-0031.
  • Sánchez-Villagra, Marcelo R. (22 December 2012). "Why are There Fewer Marsupials than Placentals? On the Relevance of Geography and Physiology to Evolutionary Patterns of Mammalian Diversity and Disparity" (PDF). Journal of Mammalian Evolution. 20 (4): 279–290. doi:10.1007/s10914-012-9220-3.
  • O'Grady, Stephen E. (2008). "Basic Farriery for the Performance Horse". Veterinary Clinics of North America: Equine Practice. 24 (1): 203–218. doi:10.1016/j.cveq.2007.12.002. PMID 18314044.
  • O'Grady, Stephen E. (2008). "Basic Farriery for the Performance Horse". Veterinary Clinics of North America: Equine Practice. 24 (1): 203–218. doi:10.1016/j.cveq.2007.12.002. PMID 18314044.
  • Goulet, Catherine; Olive, Julien; Rossier, Yves; Beauchamp, Guy (2015-11-01). "RADIOGRAPHIC AND ANATOMIC CHARACTERISTICS OF DORSAL HOOF WALL LAYERS IN NONlAMINITIC HORSES". Veterinary Radiology & Ultrasound. 56 (6): 589–594. doi:10.1111/vru.12280. ISSN 1740-8261. PMID 26226838.
  • Douglas, Janet E.; Thomason, Jeffrey J. (2000). "Shape, Orientation and Spacing of the Primary Epidermal Laminae in the Hooves of Neonatal and Adult Horses (Equus caballus)". Cells Tissues Organs. 166 (3): 304–318. doi:10.1159/000016744. PMID 10765026.
  • A Beast the Color of Winter: The Mountain Goat Observed. U of Nebraska Press. 1 February 2002. p. 52. ISBN 978-0-8032-6421-2.
  • Aoki, Yasuhiro (2006). "Changes in walking parameters of milking cows after hoof trimming|(Aoki, Y. et al., 2006)". Animal Science Journal. 77: 103–109. doi:10.1111/j.1740-0929.2006.00326.x. Lameness, behind infertility and mastitis, is the biggest cause of economic loss to a dairy farmer (Weaver, A., 2006). Many farmers and veterinarians have used a phase that distinguished that if the animal has bad hooves then it is of no use, the most common version of this phrase is used with equines, "No hoof no horse."
  • Weaver, A. D. (1985-01-01). "Lameness in cattle—Investigational and diagnostic check lists". British Veterinary Journal. 141 (1): 27–33. doi:10.1016/0007-1935(85)90123-X. PMID 3995246.
  • "Common hoof problems: Horse: University of Minnesota Extension". www.extension.umn.edu. Retrieved 2016-11-30.
  • M. E. Robertson-Mackay (1980). "A head and hooves burial beneath a round barrow, with other Neolithic and Bronze Age sites on Hemp Knoll, near Avebury, Wiltshire". Proceedings of the Prehistoric Society.

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