Псевдоавтосомна область

Х та Y хромосоми на стадії метафази. Ділянки в псевдоавтосомній області PAR1 мають зелений колір внаслідок застосування флюоресцентної гібридизації in situ. Хромосоми мають червоний колір

Псевдоавтосо́мна або псевдоаутос́омна о́бласть — в геномі багатьох організмів ділянки гомологічних послідовностей нуклеотидів на Y та Х хромосомах; у ссавців вони, відповідно, знаходяться на X-хромосомі і Y-хромосомі та мають назви PAR1 та PAR2[1]. Всі гени, розташовані в цих областях, є у жінок і чоловіків та мають здатність успадкуватися так само як і автосомні гени.

Цитогенетична локалізація

Локалізація PAR1 та PAR2:[2][3]

chrY:10,000-2,781,479 and chrY:56,887,902-57,217,415

chrX:10,000-2,781,479 and chrX:155,701,382-156,030,895

Рекомбінація

Еволюція Mid1 у миші

Еволюція гену Mid1 у Mus musculus пов'язана з його транслокацією до псевдоавтосомної області X-хромосоми. Послідовність гену консервативна в ссавців, за виключенням цього виду мишей. Транслокація призвела до підвищеної частоти рекомбінації у мейозі, збільшенні помилок та їхньої репарації за принципом спрямованої конверсії генів (англ. biased gene conversion).[4]

Ідіограма Y-хромосоми людини

Примітки

  1. ↑ Helena Mangs A, Morris BJ (April 2007). The Human Pseudoautosomal Region (PAR): Origin, Function and Future. Curr. Genomics. 8 (2): 129—36. doi:10.2174/138920207780368141. PMC 2435358. PMID 18660847.
  2. ↑ Human (Homo sapiens) Genome Browser Gateway.
  3. ↑ Human genome overview - Genome Reference Consortium.
  4. ↑ Galtier, Nicolas; Duret, Laurent (2007). Adaptation or biased gene conversion? Extending the null hypothesis of molecular evolution. Trends in Genetics. 23 (6): 273—277. doi:10.1016/j.tig.2007.03.011. ISSN 0168-9525.



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