Siklohekzan

Siklohekzan
Cyclohexane
Cyclohexane
3D structure of a cyclohexane molecule
3D structure of a cyclohexane molecule
Skeletal formula of cyclohexane in its chair conformation
Skeletal formula of cyclohexane in its chair conformation
Ball-and-stick model of cyclohexane in its chair conformation
Ball-and-stick model of cyclohexane in its chair conformation
Adlandırmalar
Siklohekzan[1]
Hekzanaften (eski)[2]
Tanımlayıcılar
3D model (JSmol)
3DMet
1900225
ChEBI
ChEMBL
ChemSpider
DrugBank
ECHA InfoCard 100.003.461 Bunu Vikiveri'de düzenleyin
1662
KEGG
RTECS numarası
  • GU6300000
UNII
UN numarası 1145
  • InChI=1S/C6H12/c1-2-4-6-5-3-1/h1-6H2 
    Key: XDTMQSROBMDMFD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 
  • InChI=1/C6H12/c1-2-4-6-5-3-1/h1-6H2
    Key: XDTMQSROBMDMFD-UHFFFAOYAZ
  • C1CCCCC1
Özellikler
Kimyasal formül C6H12
Molekül kütlesi 84,16 g mol−1
Görünüm Renksiz sıvı
Koku Benzin benzeri
Yoğunluk 0,7739 g/mL (sıvı); 0,996 g/mL (katı)
Erime noktası 647 °C (1.197 °F; 920 K)
Kaynama noktası 8.074 °C (14.565 °F; 8.347 K)
Çözünürlük (su içinde) Çözünmez
Çözünürlük Eter, alkol ve asetonda çözünür
Buhar basıncı 78 mmHg (20 °C)[3]
−68.13·10−6 cm3/mol
Kırınım dizimi (nD) 1,42662
Akmazlık 1.02 cP (17 °C)
Tehlikeler
GHS etiketleme sistemi:
Piktogramlar GHS02: Alevlenir GHS08: Sağlığa zararlı GHS07: Zararlı GHS09: Çevreye zararlı
İşaret sözcüğü Danger
Tehlike ifadeleri H225, H304, H315, H336
Önlem ifadeleri P210, P233, P240, P241, P242, P243, P261, P264, P271, P273, P280, P301+P310, P302+P352, P303+P361+P353, P304+P340, P312, P321, P331, P332+P313, P362, P370+P378, P391, P403+P233, P403+P235, P405, P501
NFPA 704
(yangın karosu)
NFPA 704 four-colored diamondSağlık 1: Maruziyet tahrişe neden olabilir, ancak yalnızca hafif kalıcı hasar oluşturur. Örnek: TerebentinYanıcılık 3: Hemen hemen tüm ortam sıcaklık koşullarında tutuşabilen sıvılar ve katılar. Alevlenme noktası 23 ila 38 °C arasındadır (73 ila 100 °F). Örnek: BenzinKararsızlık 0: Genellikle yangın maruziyeti koşullarında dahi normalde kararlıdır ve su ile reaksiyona girmez. Örnek: Sıvı azotÖzel tehlikeler (beyaz): kod yok
1
3
0
Parlama noktası -20 °C (-4 °F; 253 K)
245 °C (473 °F; 518 K)
Patlama sınırları 1.3–8%[3]
Öldürücü doz veya konsantrasyon (LD, LC):
LD50 (medyan doz)
12705 mg/kg (sıçan, oral)
813 mg/kg (fare, oral)[4]
17,142 ppm (fare, 2 h)
26,600 ppm (tavşan, 1 h)[4]
NIOSH ABD maruz kalma limitleri:
PEL (izin verilen) TWA 300 ppm (1050 mg/m3)[3]
REL (tavsiye edilen) TWA 300 ppm (1050 mg/m3)[3]
IDLH (anında tehlike) 1300 ppm[3]
Termokimya
Standart formasyon entalpisi fH298)
−156 kJ/mol
Standart yanma entalpisi cH298)
−3920 kJ/mol
Benzeyen bileşikler
Benzeyen sikloalkanlar
Siklopentan
Sikloheptan
Benzeyen bileşikler
Siklohekzen
Benzen
Aksi belirtilmediği sürece madde verileri, Standart sıcaklık ve basınç koşullarında belirtilir (25 °C [77 °F], 100 kPa).
Bilgi kutusu kaynakları
Sikloheksanın top çubuk modeli

Siklohekzan; molekül formülü C6H12 olan, bir tane halka bulunduran sikloalkanlara dâhil olan bir bileşiktir. Siklohekzan renksiz, yanıcı bir sıvıdır. Çeşitli yollardan eldesi mümkündür. Siklohekzanın erime sıcaklığı 6,47 °C, kaynama sıcaklığı ise 80,74 °C'dir.

Üretim

Endüstriyel ölçekte siklohekzan, benzenin Raney nikeli katalizörü varlığında hidrojenlenmesiyle üretilir.[5]

Kaynakça

  1. ^ "Front Matter". Nomenclature of Organic Chemistry : IUPAC Recommendations and Preferred Names 2013 (Blue Book). Cambridge: The Royal Society of Chemistry. 2014. ss. P001-P004. doi:10.1039/9781849733069-FP001. ISBN 978-0-85404-182-4. 
  2. ^ "Hexanaphthene". dictionary.com. 12 Şubat 2018 tarihinde kaynağından arşivlendi. 
  3. ^ a b c d e NIOSH Pocket Guide to Chemical Hazards. "#0163". National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health (NIOSH). 
  4. ^ a b "Cyclohexane". Immediately Dangerous to Life or Health Concentrations (IDLH). Ulusal İş Sağlığı ve Güvenliği Enstitüsü (NIOSH). 
  5. ^ Fred Fan Zhang; Thomas van Rijnman; Ji Soo Kim; Allen Cheng (2008). "On Present Methods of Hydrogenation of Aromatic Compounds, 1945 to Present Day". Lunds Tekniska Högskola. 

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