Ortak Nükleer Araştırma Enstitüsü

Dubna'daki Ortak Nükleer Araştırma Enstitüsü'nün genel merkezi

Ortak Nükleer Araştırma Enstitüsü (Rusça: Объединённый институт ядерных исследований, ОИЯИ), Rusya'nın Moskova Oblastı'nda, Moskova'nın 120 km kuzeyindeki Dubna kentinde bulunan uluslararası nükleer bilimler araştırma merkezidir. Ermenistan, Azerbaycan, Belarus ve Kazakistan dahil 18 üye ülkeden gelen 5.500 personeli ve 1.000 doktora sahibi dahil olmak üzere toplam 1.200 araştırmacısı bulunmaktadır.

Enstitü'nün, her biri kendi alanında 8 uzman laboratuvarları vardır: kuramsal fizik, yüksek enerji fiziği (parçacık fiziği), ağır iyon fiziği, yoğun madde fiziği, nükleer reaksiyonlar, nötron fiziği ve bilgi teknolojisi. Buna ek olarak, radyasyon ve radyo biyolojik araştırmaları ve diğer ad hoc fizik deneyleri gerçekleştiren bir bölüm vardır.

Ana araştırma araçları arasında bir adet nüklotron süper iletken parçacık hızlandırıcı (parçacık enerji: 7 GeV), üç adet izokronik siklotron (120, 145, 650 MeV), bir adet fazotron (680 MeV) ve bir adet sinkrofazotron (4 GeV) bulunmaktadır. Ayrıca, nötron demetleri alan bir adet nötron hızlı nabız reaktörü (1500MW nabız) ve ilgili 19 adet cihaz da bulunmaktadır.

Kurumsal yapısı

Enstitü'nün Flerov Nükleer Reaksiyon Laboratuvarı başkanı Eduard Kozulin, ağır atom kütlesinin aşırı hassas analizinin deneye hazırlılığını kontrol ediyor.

Enstitü'de 8 laboratuvar ve 1 Üniversite Merkezi bulunaktadır:

  • Bogoliubov Kuramsal Fizik Laboratuvarı (BLTP)
  • Veksler ve Baldin Yüksek Enerji Laboratuvarı (VBLHE)
  • Parçacık Fiziği Laboratuvarı (LPP)
  • Dzhelepov Nükleer Sorunlar Laboratuvarı (DLNP)
  • Flerov Nükleer Reaksiyon Laboratuvarı (FLNR)
  • Frank Nötron Fiziği Laboratuvarı (FLNP)
  • Bilgi Teknolojileri Laboratuvarı (LIT)
  • Radyasyon Biyolojisi Laboratuvarı (LRB)
  • Üniversite Merkezi (UC)

Deneysel fizik atölye çalışmaları da Enstitü'nün parçasıdır.

Araştırma alanları

Enstitü'nün temel araştırma alanları şunlardır:

Buluşlar

Enstitü'de keşfedilen 40'tan fazla önemli buluştan bazıları:

  • 1959 – mezo atomlarda ışınımsız geçişler
  • 1960 – antisigma-eksi hiperon
  • 1963 – element 102
  • 1972 – hücrelerin radyasyon sonrası rejenerasyonu
  • 1973 – kuark sayma kuralı
  • 1975 – yavaş nötron sınırlama fenomeni
  • 1988 – döteryum içinde müonik moleküllerin rezonans oluşumunda düzenliliği
  • 1999-2005 – elementler 114, 116, 118, 115 ve 113
  • 2006 – element 112'nin kimyasal tanımlaması
  • 2010 – element 117'nin başarılı sentezi[1]

Enstitü'de keşfedilen elementler şunlardır: rutherfordiyum (1964), nobelyum (1966), dubniyum (1968), seaborgiyum (1974), bohriyum (1976), flerovyum (istikrar adası, 1999), livermoryum (2001), ununtriyum (2004), ununpentiyum (2004), ununoktiyum (2006), ununseptiyum (2010).

Yöneticileri

Kaynakça

  1. ^ Glanz, James (6 Nisan 2010). "Scientists Discover Heavy New Element 13 Mayıs 2014 tarihinde Wayback Machine sitesinde arşivlendi.". The New York Times. En son 30 Nisan 2013 tarihinde erişildi. (İngilizce)

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