Melaleuca

Melaleuca
Biyolojik sınıflandırma
Âlem: Plantae
Bölüm: Magnoliophyta
(Kaplı tohumlular)
Sınıf: Magnoliopsida
(İki çenekliler)
Takım: Myrtales
Familya: Myrtaceae
Alt familya: Myrtoideae
Oymak: Melaleuceae
Cins: Melaleuca
L. nom. cons.
Çay ağacı (Melaleuca leucadendra)

Melaleuca ya da Hint defnesi,[a] mersingiller (Myrtaceae) familyasından bir bitki cinsi

Avustralya'da yetişir. Avustralya yerlileri bu ağacın yapraklarından elde edilen yağı, esansı çeşitli hastalıklarda kullanmışlar ve hâlâ da kullanmaktadırlar. Hint defnesinin çeşitleri vardır. Hint defnesi yağı daha ziyade Melaleuca alternifolia cinsinden elde edilir.

Hint defnesi, bitkinin İngilizcedeki karşılığından gelen çay sözcüğüyle ve çayla karıştırılmamalıdır. İngilizcedeki Tea Tree sözcüğü, Kaptan James Cook'a dayanır. Gemideki tayfalar, yaprakları kaynatıp çay yerine kullanmışlardır.

Melaleuca alternifolia'ın yapılan kimyasal araştırmasında şunlar bulunmuştur:

  • % 31 Terpinen-4-ol
  • % 3,5 Alphaterpineol
  • % 16,4 P-Zymen
  • % 1,8: 9,1 Cineol

Damıtma yoluyla elde edilen bu yağ, antiseptik etkisinden dolayı bazı hastalıklarda kullanılır. Çay ağacı yağı ile soğuk algınlığı sebebiyle ortaya çıkan nezle, grip gibi rahatsızlıklarda buhar banyosu yapılarak rahatsızlığın hızlıca vücuttan atılması sağlanabilmektedir. İltihap giderici özelliği ile de ağız içinde oluşan yaraların veya diş çevresinde oluşan iltihapların tedavi edilmesinde de etkin rol oynamaktadır.

Notlar

  1. ^ Aynı zamanda bazı türleri de Hint defnesi olarak adlandırılır.

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