Jeannette Rankin

Rankin, 1973

Jeannette Rankin (11 Haziran 1880 - 18 Mayıs 1973), ABD Kongresi'nin ilk kadın üyesi (1917-1919, 1941-1943).

Bir feminist ve pasifist olarak tanınmış, yaşamı boyunca toplumsal konularda ve seçim yasalarında çeşitli reformların yapılması için mücadele etmiştir.

Çeşitli dallarda yükseköğrenim gördükten sonra, 1919'da Washington eyaletinin Seattle kentinde sosyal hizmet görevlisi olarak çalışmaya başladı. Bu dönemde kadınlara oy hakkı mücadelesine katıldı ve Amerika Kadınlara Oy Hakkı Ulusal Derneği'nin yönetiminde görev aldı. 1916'da ABD Temsilciler Meclisi'ne Montana temsilcisi olarak seçilerek ABD Kongresi'nin ilk kadın üyesi oldu. İnançlı bir pasifist olarak ABD'nin dünya politikası dışında kalmasını savundu ve 1917'de Almanya'ya savaş açılmasına karşı oy veren 49 Kongre üyesi arasında yer aldı.

1940'ta, savaş karşıtı bir programla bir kez daha Temsilciler Meclisine seçildi. Pearl Harbor Baskını'ndan (7 Aralık 1941) sonra Japonya'ya savaş açılmasına karşı oy kullanan tek meclis üyesi olarak büyük tepki gördü. Bu olayın yarattığı çalkantılar nedeniyle bir daha Kongre seçimlerine katılmayan Rankin, kadın hareketi içindeki çalışmalarını 1960'ların sonlarına değin sürdürdü ve Georgia'da kadınlar için bir kooperatif çiftlik kurdu. Barış hareketinin etkin bir üyesi olarak kadınlara ABD'nin Vietnam'a müdahalesine karşı çıkanlar için çağrıda bulundu. 15 Ocak 1968'de, 87 yaşındayken, kendilerine Jeannette Rankin Tugayı adını veren 5 bin kadının başında Capitol Hill eteklerine yürüdü ve Vietnam Savaşı'nı yeren bir gösteri yaptı.

Wikimedia Commons'ta Jeannette Rankin ile ilgili ortam dosyaları bulunmaktadır.

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