Deve güreşi

Hindistan'da deve güreşine ait bir minyatür, 1680

Deve güreşi, genellikle Ege (Selçuk, Germencik, Muğla, Denizli), Marmara (Balıkesir, Çanakkale) ve Akdeniz (Burdur, Isparta, Antalya) bölgelerinde düzenlenen ve Yörük kültürüyle ilişkili olan güreşlerdir. Deve güreşleri, açık meydanlarda yapılır. En son deve güreşi sahası Yenipazar'da inşâ edilmiştir.

Deve güreşleri, tek hörgüçlü dişi "yoz" develer ile "buhur" adı verilen çift hörgüçlü erkek develerin çiftleşmesinden meydana gelen ve "Tülü" adı verilen erkek develer arasında yapılır. Bu develer yalnızca güreş için "Savran" denilen deve bakıcıları tarafından yetiştirilir. Güreş develeri tıpkı atlarda olduğu gibi soya dayalı olarak seçilir. Güreşçi olacak Tülüler'in güreşçi develerin kanından olmasına özen gösterilir.

Deve güreşleri Ayak, Orta, Başaltı ve Baş olmak üzere dört boyda yapılır ve galibiyetler; kaçırtarak, bağırtarak veya yıkarak elde edilir. Develer tıpkı diğer güreşlerde olduğu gibi pehlivan olarak adlandırılır ve cazgır tarafından anons edilirler. Deve güreşleri genellikle kış aylarında yapılır. Söz gelimi İzmir, Manisa ve Aydın’daki güreşlerin yapılış tarihleri 7 Aralık ve 15 Mart tarihleri arasındadır.

Türkiye'de geleneksel olarak sürdürülen deve güreşlerinin ilk defa 19. yüzyılda Aydın'ın Germencik ilçesine bağlı Hıdırbeyli köyünde yapıldığı söylenmektedir. Ancak, Münis Armağan’ın "Batı Anadolu Tarihinde İlginç Olaylar" adlı kitabının "Develerin Sonu" bölümünde II. Mahmut döneminde Tire ve civarında deve güreşlerinin yapılmakta olduğu belirtilmektedir.

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