Anonim şirket

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Anonim şirket (AŞ) ya da anonim ortaklık (AO); sermayesi ortak tarafından taahhüt edilmiş ve paylara bölünmüş olan, tüzel kişiliği haiz, borçlarından dolayı kendi mal varlığıyla sorumlu bulunan şirkettir.

Her pay sahibi, hisseleri (sahiplik belgeleri) ile kanıtlanan orantılı olarak şirket hissesine sahiptir.[1] Pay sahipleri, şirketin varlığının devamına herhangi bir etkide bulunmaksızın paylarını başkalarına devredebilmektedir.[2]

Günümüz şirketler hukukunda, bir anonim şirketin varlığı genellikle kuruluş (hissedarlardan ayrı bir tüzel kişiliğe sahip olma) ve sınırlı sorumluluk (hissedarlar şirketin borçlarından yalnızca yatırdıkları paranın değeri kadar sorumludur) ile eşanlamlıdır. şirkette). Bu nedenle, anonim şirketler genellikle anonim şirket veya limited şirket olarak bilinir.

Bazı yargı bölgeleri, anonim şirketlerin sınırlı sorumluluk olmaksızın tescil edilmesine hâlâ olanak sağlamaktadır. Birleşik Krallık'ta ve onun şirketler hukuku modelini benimseyen diğer ülkelerde, bunlar sınırsız şirketler olarak bilinirler. Amerika Birleşik Devletleri'nde, basitçe anonim şirketler olarak bilinirler. Anonim şirket, tüzel bir kişidir; onu oluşturan kişilerden ayrı bir hukuki varlığa sahiptir. Dava açabilir ve aleyhine açılabilir. Kanunla kurulmuş, ticari amaçla kurulmuş ve çok sayıda üyeden oluşmaktadır. Her üyenin hisseleri, diğer üyelerin rızası olmaksızın alınabilir, satılabilir ve devredilebilir. Sermayesi, büyük teşebbüslere uygun, devredilebilir paylara bölünmüştür.

Kaynakça

  1. ^ The Law of Private Companies. 2nd. 2002. s. 26. ISBN 1-85475-265-0. 
  2. ^ West's Encyclopedia of American Law, Vol. 1. 2. Detroit: Thomson/Gale. 2005. s. 117. ISBN 9780787663742. 

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