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Aveyron
Aveyron
Department
	Notre-Dame cathedral, Rodez
	Flag Coat of arms
	Location of Aveyron in France
	Coordinates: 44°15′N 02°42′E / 44.250°N 2.700°E
Country	France
Region	Occitanie
Département	4 March 1790
Prefecture	Rodez
Subprefectures	Millau, Villefranche-de-Rouergue
Government
• President	Jean-Claude Luche
Area
• Total	8,735.1 km2 (3,372.6 sq mi)
Population (2014)
• Total	278,644
• Rank	78th
• Density	32/km2 (83/sq mi)
Demonym	Aveyronnais
Time zone	UTC+1 (CET)
• Summer (DST)	UTC+2 (CEST)
ISO 3166 code	FR-12
Arrondissements	3
Cantons	23
Communes	286
Website	http://aveyron.fr/

Aveyron (Occitan: Avairon) is a French department found in the northeast of the Occitanie region of southern France and named after the Aveyron river. Its prefecture is Rodez.

History

Aveyron is one of the 83 French departments made during the French revolution, on 4 March 1790. It was created with most of the territory of the old province of Rouergue; in fact, the present flag of the department was the flag of Rouergue.

The first known historical inhabitants of the region were the Rutenii tribe but, before them, the area was inhabited by people that built many prehistoric ruins including over 1,000 dolmens - more than any other department in France.

In 1808, the old canton of Saint-Antonin-Noble-Val was transferred from Aveyron to the new department of Tarn-et-Garonne.^[4]^[5]

Geography

Aveyron is part of the Occitanie region, in southern France, and is the 6th French department in area with 8,735.1 km² (3,373 sq mi).^[2]

The department borders with 7 other departments:^[5]

Auvergne-Rhône-Alpes
- Cantal
Occitanie
- Hérault
- Gard
- Lozère
- Tarn
- Tarn-et-Garonne
- Lot

Aveyron is in the southern half of the central plateau (Massif Central) of France. The mountainous areas (the Aubrac mountains, Palanges Levezou and Lacaune) cover little more than a third of the territory, with the highest point in Signal de Mailhe-Biau (the northwest peak, 42°40′17″N 03°04′19″E / 42.67139°N 3.07194°E / 42.67139; 3.07194 (Signal de Mailhe-Biau)) that is 1,463 m (4,800 ft) high^[6] and is in the region called Cazalets; the remaining two thirds are occupied by hills and plateaus (Ségala, Viadène, Lagast and Grands Causses), with a few valleys.

The territory is crossed, among others, by the rivers Lot and Tarn, both tributaries of the Garonne river. The Aveyron river, which gives its name to the department, is a tributary of the Tarn river.

The main rivers of Aveyron are the Lot in the north, the Aveyron in the centre and the Tarn in the south, all tributaries of the Garonne. They flow from east to west, following the general slope of the department, and divide it into four zones.

Climate

The climate of the Aveyron is subtropical with dry-summer, Csb (Mediterranean Climate) in the Köppen climate classification.

The average temperature for the year in Millau is 10.9 °C (51.6 °F). The warmest month, on average, is July with an average temperature of 19.9 °C (67.8 °F). The coolest month on average is January, with an average temperature of 3.2 °C (37.8 °F).

The average amount of precipitation for the year in Millau is 731.5 mm (28.8 in). The month with the most precipitation on average is September with 78.7 mm (3.1 in) of precipitation. The month with the least precipitation on average is July with an average of 40.6 mm (1.6 in).^[7]

Administration

Aveyron is part of the region of Occitanie. The department is managed by the Departamental Council of the Aveyron in Rodez.

Administrative divisions

There are 3 arrondissements (districts), 23 cantons and 286 communes (municipalities) in Aveyron.

INSEE code	Arrondissement	Capital	Population^[8] (2014)	Area^[9] (km²)	Density (Inh./km²)	Communes
121	Millau	Millau	70,995	3,467.3	20.5	97
122	Rodez	Rodez	143,841	3,974.4	36.2	127
123	Villefranche-de-Rouergue	Villefranche-de-Rouergue	63,808	1,293.4	49.3	62

Millau city hall
Rodez market
Pont des Consuls, Villefranche-de-Rouergue

The following is a list of the 23 cantons of the Aveyron department (with their INSEE codes), in France, following the French canton reorganisation which came into effect in March 2015:^[10]

Demographics

The inhabitants of Aveyron are known, in French, as Aveyronnais (women: Aveyronnaises).^[11]

Aveyron has a population, in 2014, of 278,644,^[3] for a population density of 31.9 inhabitants/km². The arrondissement of Rodez, with 143,841 inhabitants, is by far the largest. The other two, Millau and Villefranche-de-Rouergue, have respectively 70,995 and 63,808 inhabitants.^[8]

The city with more people living in it is the capital, Rodez (24,088). The subprefectures of Millau and Villefranche-de-Rouergue have, respectively, 22,064 and 11,822 inhabitants.^[8]

Evolution of the population in Aude

The 10 most important cities in the department are:

City	Population^[8] (2014)	Arrondissement
Rodez	24,088	Rodez
Millau	22,064	Millau
Onet-le-Château	11,837	Rodez
Villefranche-de-Rouergue	11,822	Villefranche-de-Rouergue
Saint-Affrique	8,260	Millau
Luc-la-Primaube	5,898	Rodez
Decazeville	5,686	Villefranche-de-Rouergue
Capdenac-Gare	4,558	Villefranche-de-Rouergue
Espalion	4,460	Rodez
Sévérac d'Aveyron	4,134	Millau