Pyrénées-Orientales was created in 1790 during the French Revolution, when the whole of France was divided into departments, replacing the old provinces. Pyrénées-Orientales was formed by the province of Roussillon and Fenouillèdes (Occitan: Fenolheda), a small piece of territory which had formerly been on the southern edge of Languedoc.
Geography
Pyrénées-Orientales has an area of 4,116 km2 (1,589 sq mi).[2] It has the department of Aude to the north, the Mediterranean Sea to the east, Spain to the south, and Andorra and the department of Ariège to the west.
There are three main rivers in the department: from north to south, Agly, Têt (the largest river of the department) and Tech; the Agly has its source in the Corbières hills, in the southern part of the Aude department. The other two river has their sources in the Pyrenees. The three rivers flow into the easternPlain of Roussillon before they flow into the Mediterranean Sea.
Most of the population and agricultural production are concentrated in the Plain of Roussillon, with only 30% of the area.
The département is managed by the Departamental Council of the Pyrénées-Orientales in Perpignan. The Pyrénées-Orientales is part of the region of Occitanie.
The following is a list of the 17 cantons of the Pyrénées-Orientalesdepartment (with their INSEE codes), following the French canton reorganisation which came into effect in March 2015:[8]
Cantons of the Pyrénées-Orientales 1- Les Aspres, 2- Le Canigou, 3- La Côte sableuse, 4- La Côte salanquaise, 5- La Côte Vermeille, 6- Perpignan-1, 7- Perpignan-2, 8- Perpignan-3, 9- Perpignan-4, 10- Perpignan-5, 11- Perpignan-6, 12- La Plaine d'Illibéris, 13- Les Pyrénées catalanes, 14- Le Ribéral, 15- La Vallée de l'Agly, 16- La Vallée de la Têt, 17- Vallespir-Albères
Demographics
Pyrénées-Orientales has a population, in 2014, of 466,327,[3] for a population density of 113.3 inhabitants/km2. The arrondissement of Perpignan, with 349,959 inhabitants, is by far the largest. The other two, Ceret and Prades, have respectively 73,192 and 43,176 inhabitants.[6]
The only important city is Perpignan with 120,605 people living there in 2012. The subprefectures Céret and Prades have 7,663 and 5,927, respectively.[6]
Evolution of the population in Pyrénées-Orientales
The cities with more than 6,000 inhabitants in the department are:
Albera Massif viewed from Saint-Génis-des-Fontaines
The inhabitants of Pyrénées-Orientales are known, in French, as Pyrénaliens (women: Pyrénaliennes) or Catalans (women: Catalanes).[9]
French is spoken by almost all the population. Minority languages in the region are Catalan and Occitan, which between them are estimated to be spoken by rather more than a quarter of the population and understood by more than 40%.
On 10 December 2007, the Departamental Council of the Pyrénées-Orientales recognized Catalan as a regional language of the department, though French is still the only official language in France, according to the Constitution.[10]
Economy
Pyrénées-Orientales is a wine-growing area and a tourist destination.
The area is famous for its wine with the predominately red grape varieties grown all over the department.
Places of interest
Some places of interest are:
Prades (Catalan: Prada de Conflent) - site of the Catalan Summer University (Universitat Catalana d'Estiu).
Banyuls-sur-Mer (Catalan Banyuls de la Marenda) famous for its wines.
Prats de Molló - important defensive castle of the 17th century facing south to the Pyrenees.
Salses - important defensive castle of the 16th century, on the ancient frontier with Spain.
↑"Département des Pyrénées-Orientales (66)". Géographie administrative et d'étude (in French). Institut national de la statistique et des études économiques - INSEE. Retrieved 8 February 2017.
↑"Département des Pyrénées-Orientales (66)". Comparateur de territoire (in French). Institut national de la statistique et des études économiques - INSEE. Retrieved 6 February 2017.
