Gabes

Gabes
قابس
Centar grada i željeznička stanica
Centar grada i željeznička stanica
Centar grada i željeznička stanica
Koordinate: 33°53′N 10°07′E / 33.883°N 10.117°E / 33.883; 10.117
Država  Tunis
Vilajet Gabes
Vlast
 - gradonačelnik Habib Dhaouadi
Visina 1
Stanovništvo (2018.)
 - Grad 130,984[1]
Vremenska zona UTC+1 (UTC)
Poštanski broj 6000
Karta
Gabes na mapi Tunisa
Gabes
Gabes
class=notpageimage|
Pozicija Gabesa u Tunisu

Gabes (arapski: قابس / Gābis) je lučki grad od 130,984 stanovnika[1] na istoku Tunisa u Vilajetu Gabes u kom je administrativni centar.[2]

Geografija

Stadion
Suk

Gabes leži u mediteranskoj oazi uz Gabeski zaljev, na ušću vadi Gabesa, koji izvire 10 km uzvodno i glavni je izvor pitke vode.[2] Od glavnog grada Tunisa udaljen je oko 400 km.

Okolica obuhvaća velik dio polupustinjskog terena južnog i centralnog Tunisa. U njoj leži berbersko naselje Matmata, poznata po maslinama i El Hamma poznato trgovište nomadskih Beni Zida (plemenski savez Banu Hilal).[2]

Historija

Gabes je niknuo kao kartažansko naselje, nakon što je potpao pod rimsku vlast postao je trgovište pod imenom Tacapae. Razaran je od sredine do kraja 7. vijeka u vrijeme Islamske invazije. Oživio je dolaskom Sidi Bulbaba, za kog se držalo da je jedan od najvjernijih sljedbenika proroka Muhameda, pa je kasnije proglašen zaštitnikom grada.[2]

Za osmanske vlasti je počeo nazadovati, ali je blagi prosperitet doživio u vrijeme Francuskog protektorata (1881. - 1955.) kad su izgrađene željeznica, ceste i luka. U to vrijeme postao je i snažni garnizon francuske vojske, protiv eventualne talijanske invazije iz nedaleke Libije.[2]

Za Drugog svjetskog rata njemački Afrički korpus koristio je Gabes kao sjedište svoga štaba, sve do 1943. kad su ga zauzeli Saveznici.[2]

Privreda

Današnji Gabes i dalje je važna oaza i trgovište, a okolica je poznata po voćarstvu, ribarstvu i predionicama i tekstila.[2]

Od industrije ima rafineriju nafte i nekoliko petrohemijskih pogona koji prerađuju naftu i plin iz nalazišta u Gabeskom zaljevu. Pored tog ima i veliku cementaru i tvornicu cigli.[2]

U novije vrijeme grad se razvija i kao skromni turistički resort.[2]

Pobratimski gradovi

Izvori

  1. ↑ 1,0 1,1 „Tunisia, Cities” (engleski). City population. Pristupljeno 3. 11. 2019. 
  2. ↑ 2,0 2,1 2,2 2,3 2,4 2,5 2,6 2,7 2,8 „Gabès, Tunisia” (engleski). Encyclopædia Britannica. Pristupljeno 3. 11. 2019. 

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