Dor (mitologija)

Dor (starogrčki: Δῶρος) bio je, u grčkoj mitologiji, sin Helena i eponimni utemeljitelj Dorana,[1] unuk Deukaliona i Pire, brat Eola i Ksuta.[2]

Mitologija

Svaki od trojice Helenovih sinova utemeljio je po jedno od glavnih grčkih plemena: Eol je bio predak Eoljana, Dor je bio predak Dorana, a Ksut Ahejaca (preko Ksutovog sina Aheja i Jonjana (preko Ksutovog posvojenog sina Jona, koji je zapravo bio rođeni sin Apolonov), uz Greka, sina Helenove sestre Pandore. Prema Pseudo-Apolodorovoj Biblioteci, "Dor je zaprimio zemlju preko Peloponeza i naseljenike je po sebi nazvao Doranima".[1] Prema Strabonu, Dor je prvo živeo na Parnasu, a zatim u Ftiji, u Tesaliji, odakle je svoj narod preveo u oblast oko planina Olimpa i Ose.[3] Kad su Kadmejci proterali Dorane, oni su se naselili u oblast Pinda, odakle su potom prešli u Driopidu i konačno se naselili na Peloponezu.[4]

Dora je ubio argivski kralj Apis kad je pokušao da osvoji Peloponez. Prema Karlu Kerenyiju, Dorani su se sećali toga da je Herakle pomogao njihovom "najstarijem kralju", Egimiju, "za čije se vladavine još nisu bili preselili na Peloponez".[5] Kerenyijev izvor za ovu tvrdnju nalazi se u Pseudo-Apolodorovoj Biblioteci.[6]

Prema drugom predanju, Dor je bio sin Apolona i Ftije te brat Laodoka i Polipeta.[2] Sa svojom braćom ugostio je Endimionovog sina Etola, a ovaj ih je sve poubijao i preuzeo vlast nad njihovom zemljom, koju je nazvao Etolijom.[7]

Dorova deca bili su Egimije, Tektam i Iftima.[8]

Tumačenje

Eponimni lik "Dora" predstavlja kasniju invenciju: svaka plemenska grupa poseduje etiološke mitove koji treba da objasne poreklo i naziv te grupe. Najstariji mitovi tiču se zapravo eponima proširenih porodica, koje su poštovane u arhajskim kultovima sve do rimskog razdoblja.[9] Ime jednog muškarca, Doreja (Dōrieus), pojavljuje se na tablicama pisanim linearom B koje su pronađene u Pilu,[10] koji su takođe bili zauzeli Dorani. Nije poznato je li taj oblik imao i etničko značenje "Doranin". Moderna etimologija ime Dorana ne povezuje s mitskim likom "Dora".

Reference

  1. ↑ 1,0 1,1 Prema Pseudo-Apolodorovoj Biblioteci, I, 7, 3, Dor je bio sin Helena i nimfe Orseide. Fragment 9 hesiodskog Kataloga žena navodi da su "od Helena potekli ratoborni kralj Dor, Ksut i Eol što konjima se raduje". Prema drugoj verziji koja se spominje u Biblioteci, Dor je bio sin Apolona i Ftije, pa se u tom kontekstu smatrao ocem Ksantipe. Prema trećoj verziji, Dor je bio sin Ksuta i Kreuse te je i u tom kontekstu poticao od Helena.
  2. ↑ 2,0 2,1 Srejović & Cermanović-Kuzmanović 1989, s.v. Dor
  3. ↑ Strabon, Geografija, VIII, 7, 1.
  4. ↑ Herodot, Istorija, I, 56, 3.
  5. ↑ Kerenyi 1978, str. 184
  6. ↑ Pseudo-Apolodor Biblioteka, II, 7, 7.
  7. ↑ Pseudo-Apolodor Biblioteka, II, 7, 6.
  8. ↑ Carlos Parada, Genealogical Guide to Greek Mythology, 1997, Greek Mythology Link: Dictionary; Damasen to Dracius.
  9. ↑ Walter Burkert, Greek Religion posvećuje poglavlje VI.1.2 "klanovskim i porodičnim misterijama".
  10. ↑ Na pilskoj tablici Fn867 to je ime zabeleženo u dativskom obliku: do-ri-je-we, *Dōriēwei, gde se radi o imenici konsonantske deklinacije s osnovom koja se završava na -w. Pretpostavljeni oblik množine, koji nije zabeležen, glasio bi *Dōriēwes i dao bi oblik Dōrieis gubitkom konsonanta -w- i kontrakcijom vokala, no na ovoj tablici, koja se bavi pohranom žita u jednom hramu, radi se jednostavno o ličnom imenu nekog čoveka.

Literatura

  • Kerenyi, Karl (1978). The Heroes of the Greeks. Thames & Hudson. 
  • Srejović, Dragoslav; Cermanović-Kuzmanović, Aleksandrina (1989). Rečnik grčke i rimske mitologije. Beograd: Srpska književna zadruga. 

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