Фригана

Фригана на востоке Крита

Фрига́на (греч. φρύγανα от др.-греч. φρύγανον — хворост) — тип растительности, представляющий собой заросли низкорослых, часто подушковидных ксероморфных кустарников и полукустарников с участием трав[1], среди которых много эфемеров, распространённый в Восточном Средиземноморье и на Ближнем Востоке. Аналогична гариге Южной Франции и маквису Испании. Сообщества фриганы — плотно сомкнутые низкие, часто подушковидные, заросли. Характерны растения, содержащие большое количество эфирных масел (яснотковые (губоцветные), ладанниковые, рутовые, виды полыни); некоторые ядовитые (виды молочая) и колючие (астровые (сложноцветные), виды астрагала и другие). К фригане близка растительность «нагорных ксерофитов» Кавказа (главным образом в Дагестане и Армении) и Средней Азии (Копет-Даг и другие)[2].

Примечания

  1. ↑ Балканский полуостров / Крубер А. // Большая советская энциклопедия. — М. : Советская энциклопедия, 1926—1947. — Стб. 510—513. — (Большая советская энциклопедия : [в 66 т.] /  ; 1926—1947, т. IV).
  2. ↑ Фригана // Франкфурт — Чага. — М. : Советская энциклопедия, 1978. — (Большая советская энциклопедия : [в 30 т.] / гл. ред. А. М. Прохоров ; 1969—1978, т. 28).

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