Белоголовая мохуа

Белоголовая мохуа
Научная классификация
Домен:
Эукариоты
Царство:
Животные
Подцарство:
Эуметазои
Без ранга:
Двусторонне-симметричные
Без ранга:
Вторичноротые
Тип:
Хордовые
Подтип:
Позвоночные
Инфратип:
Челюстноротые
Надкласс:
Четвероногие
Клада:
Амниоты
Клада:
Завропсиды
Класс:
Птицы
Подкласс:
Веерохвостые птицы
Инфракласс:
Новонёбные
Клада:
Neoaves
Клада:
Passerea
Клада:
Telluraves
Клада:
Australaves
Клада:
Eufalconimorphae
Клада:
Psittacopasserae
Отряд:
Воробьинообразные
Подотряд:
Певчие воробьиные
Инфраотряд:
Corvida
Надсемейство:
Corvoidea
Семейство:
Мохуа
Род:
Мохуа
Вид:
Белоголовая мохуа
Международное научное название
Mohoua albicilla (Lesson, 1830)
Охранный статус
Виды под наименьшей угрозой
Вызывающие наименьшие опасения
IUCN 3.1 Least Concern: 22705394

Белоголовая мохуа[1] (лат. Mohoua albicilla) — маленькая насекомоядная птица из семейства Mohouidae. Эндемик Новой Зеландии.

Описание

Белоголовая мохуа длиной 15 см. Вес самцов составляет 18,5 г, самок — 14,5 г.[2] Верхняя часть тела, крылья и хвост самца светло-коричневые, голова и нижняя часть белые, голова почти чисто белая — отсюда название. Самки и молодые птицы имеют схожую окраску, но затылок и макушка коричневого цвета[2][3]. Клюв и глаза чёрные, ноги сине-чёрного цвета. Белоголовая мохуа часто при опасности образует небольшие стаи из нескольких семейных групп.

Распространение

Белоголовая мохуа — эндемичный для Северного и нескольких близлежащих островов Новой Зеландии, среди которых Литтл-Барриер, где это самая частая лесная птица[4], Грейт-Барриер и Капити, вид[5].

Питание

Белоголовая мохуа питается преимущественно живущими на деревьях мелкими животными — пауками, бабочками, гусеницами и жуками[2], которых она собирает на пнях, листьях и ветках в кроне деревьев. Редко птиц можно увидеть на лесной подстилке[3][5]. Своё питание птицы дополняют плодами растений, таких как Melicytus ramiflorus и Myrsine. Как и желтоголовые мохуа они часто висят на ветвях вниз головой.

Размножение

Белоголовая мохуа строит своё гнездо на высоте от 1 до 15 м над землёй в кроне деревьев или расположенных глубже небольших деревьях и кустах[2]. В кладке от 2 до 4 яиц. Высиживание длится примерно 18 дней. Птенцов кормят оба родителя. Птенцы становятся самостоятельными через 16—19 дней[3]. В ноябре и декабре длиннохвостый коэль (Eudynamys taitensis) часто является гнездовым паразитом птиц. Он выбрасывает яйца из гнезда и откладывает в него единственное яйцо[6][7].

Примечания

  1. ↑ Бёме Р. Л., Флинт В. Е. Пятиязычный словарь названий животных. Птицы. Латинский, русский, английский, немецкий, французский / Под общ. ред. акад. В. Е. Соколова. — М.: Русский язык, РУССО, 1994. — С. 349. — 2030 экз. — ISBN 5-200-00643-0.
  2. ↑ 1 2 3 4 Barrie Heather and Hugh Robertson, «The Field Guide to the Birds of New Zealand» (revised edition), Viking 2005
  3. ↑ 1 2 3 R.A Falla, R.B. Sibson and E.G. Turbott, « The new guide to the Birds of New Zealand», Collins, 1979
  4. ↑ Gill,B.J. and G. Maclean, Ian, «Morphometrics of the whitehead Mohoua albicilla on Little Barrier Island, New Zealand», New Zealand Journal of Zoology, 1986, Band 13: S. 267—271
  5. ↑ 1 2 Chloe Talbot Kelly,« Collins handguide to the Birds of New Zealand», Collins, 1982
  6. ↑ F. C. Kinsky, C. J. R. Robertson, illustrated by Janet Marshall, « Handbook of common birds of New Zealand», Reed Methuen, 1987
  7. ↑ Andrew Crowe, illustrated by David Gunson, «Which New Zealand bird?», Penguin, 2001

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