Ля

{ \new Staff \with{ \magnifyStaff #3/2 } << \time 2/1 \override Score.TimeSignature #'stencil = ##f { \clef bass a1_A \clef treble a'_A } >> }

Ля (лат. la) в сольмизации (сольфеджио) — мнемоническое обозначение шестой ступени диатонического звукоряда. В буквенной нотации обозначается латинской буквой A[1]. Отстоит на целый тон от соль и на целый тон от си.

Частота звука в первой октаве (равномерно темперированный строй): 440 Гц (см. A440). Стандартная частота камертона.

В стандартном гитарном строе ля первой октавы соответствует первой (самой тонкой) струне, зажатой на пятом ладу. Как правило, является эталонной для настройки гитарного оборудования (в том числе тюнеров).

Происхождение названия

Название ноте дано по первому слогу шестой строчки посвящённого Иоанну Крестителю гимна «Ut queant laxis» — labii reatum («…устен нечистых…») — где каждая последующая строчка исполнялась на тон выше предыдущей. Изобретателем такого мнемонического приёма («гвидонов слог») был Гвидо Аретинский.

Нотные обозначения

Научная нотация Нотация Гельмгольца Октава Частота (Гц) Современная нотация
A−1 A͵͵͵ или ͵͵͵A или AAAA Субсубконтроктава 13.75
{ \new Staff \with { \remove "Time_signature_engraver"} {\clef "bass_15" a,,,,4}}
A0 A͵͵ или ͵͵A или AAA Субконтроктава 27.5
{ \new Staff \with { \remove "Time_signature_engraver"} {\clef "bass_15" a,,,4}}
A1 A͵ или ͵A или AA Контроктава 55
{ \new Staff \with { \remove "Time_signature_engraver"} {\clef "bass_8" a,,4}}
A2 A Большая 110
{ \new Staff \with { \remove "Time_signature_engraver"} {\clef bass a,4}}
A3 a Малая 220
{ \new Staff \with { \remove "Time_signature_engraver"} {\clef bass a4}}
A4 a' Первая 440
{ \new Staff \with { \remove "Time_signature_engraver"} {\clef treble a'4}}
A5 a Вторая 880
{ \new Staff \with { \remove "Time_signature_engraver"} {\clef treble a''4}}
A6 a Третья 1760
{ \new Staff \with { \remove "Time_signature_engraver"} {\clef treble a'''4}}
A7 a' Четвёртая 3520
{ \new Staff \with { \remove "Time_signature_engraver"} {\clef "treble^8" a''''4}}
A8 a Пятая 7040
{ \new Staff \with { \remove "Time_signature_engraver"} {\clef "treble^15" a'''''4}}
A9 a' Шестая 14080
{ \new Staff \with { \remove "Time_signature_engraver"} {\clef "treble^15" a''''''4}}
A10 a'' Седьмая 28160
{ \new Staff \with { \remove "Time_signature_engraver"} {\clef "treble^15" a'''''''4}}

Производные ступени

Ля-диез

Научная нотация Нотация Гельмгольца Октава Частота (Гц) Современная нотация
A−1 A͵͵͵ или ͵͵͵A или AAAA Субсубконтроктава 14.568
{ \new Staff \with { \remove "Time_signature_engraver"} {\clef "bass_15" ais,,,,4}}
A0 A͵͵ или ͵͵A или AAA Субконтроктава 29.135
{ \new Staff \with { \remove "Time_signature_engraver"} {\clef "bass_15" ais,,,4}}
A1 A͵ или ͵A или AA Контроктава 58.27
{ \new Staff \with { \remove "Time_signature_engraver"} {\clef "bass_8" ais,,4}}
A2 A Большая 116.541
{ \new Staff \with { \remove "Time_signature_engraver"} {\clef bass ais,4}}
A3 a Малая 233.082
{ \new Staff \with { \remove "Time_signature_engraver"} {\clef bass ais4}}
A4 a Первая 466.164
{ \new Staff \with { \remove "Time_signature_engraver"} {\clef treble ais'4}}
A5 a′′ Вторая 932.328
{ \new Staff \with { \remove "Time_signature_engraver"} {\clef treble ais''4}}
A6 a′′′ Третья 1864.655
{ \new Staff \with { \remove "Time_signature_engraver"} {\clef treble ais'''4}}
A7 a′′′′ Четвёртая 3729.31
{ \new Staff \with { \remove "Time_signature_engraver"} {\clef "treble^8" ais''''4}}
A8 a′′′′′ Пятая 7458.62
{ \new Staff \with { \remove "Time_signature_engraver"} {\clef "treble^15" ais'''''4}}
A9 a′′′′′′ Шестая 14917.24
{ \new Staff \with { \remove "Time_signature_engraver"} {\clef "treble^15" ais''''''4}}
A10 a′′′′′′′ Седьмая 29834.481
{ \new Staff \with { \remove "Time_signature_engraver"} {\clef "treble^15" ais'''''''4}}

Ля-бемоль

Научная нотация Нотация Гельмгольца Октава Частота (Гц) Современная нотация
A−1 A͵͵͵ или ͵͵͵A или AAAA Субсубконтроктава 12.978
{ \new Staff \with { \remove "Time_signature_engraver"} {\clef "bass_15" as,,,,4}}
A0 A͵͵ или ͵͵A или AAA Субконтроктава 25.957
{ \new Staff \with { \remove "Time_signature_engraver"} {\clef "bass_15" as,,,4}}
A1 A͵ или ͵A или AA Контроктава 51.913
{ \new Staff \with { \remove "Time_signature_engraver"} {\clef "bass_8" as,,4}}
A2 A Большая 103.826
{ \new Staff \with { \remove "Time_signature_engraver"} {\clef bass as,4}}
A3 a Малая 207.652
{ \new Staff \with { \remove "Time_signature_engraver"} {\clef bass as4}}
A4 a Первая 415.305
{ \new Staff \with { \remove "Time_signature_engraver"} {\clef treble as'4}}
A5 a′′ Вторая 830.609
{ \new Staff \with { \remove "Time_signature_engraver"} {\clef treble as''4}}
A6 a′′′ Третья 1661.219
{ \new Staff \with { \remove "Time_signature_engraver"} {\clef treble as'''4}}
A7 a′′′′ Четвёртая 3322.438
{ \new Staff \with { \remove "Time_signature_engraver"} {\clef "treble^8" as''''4}}
A8 a′′′′′ Пятая 6644.875
{ \new Staff \with { \remove "Time_signature_engraver"} {\clef "treble^15" as'''''4}}
A9 a′′′′′′ Шестая 13289.75
{ \new Staff \with { \remove "Time_signature_engraver"} {\clef "treble^15" as''''''4}}
A10 a′′′′′′′ Седьмая 26579.501
{ \new Staff \with { \remove "Time_signature_engraver"} {\clef "treble^15" as'''''''4}}

Примечания

  1. А // Большая советская энциклопедия : в 66 т. (65 т. и 1 доп.) / гл. ред. О. Ю. Шмидт. — М. : Советская энциклопедия, 1926—1947.

Ссылки

  • Соловьёв Н. Ф. Ля // Энциклопедический словарь Брокгауза и Ефрона : в 86 т. (82 т. и 4 доп.). — СПб., 1890—1907.
  • Соловьёв Н. Ф. Ноты // Энциклопедический словарь Брокгауза и Ефрона : в 86 т. (82 т. и 4 доп.). — СПб., 1890—1907.
  • Теория сольфеджио.
  • Таблица музыкальных нот.
  • Music theory online: staffs, clefs & pitch notation (англ.).
Нотные знаки
     C  D  E  F   G  A H (B)
   
    до ре ми фа соль ля си  

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