Дхармасутры

Дхармасутры, или дхарма-сутры (санскр. Dharmasūtra), — древнейшие индийские сборники законов, относящиеся ещё к ведийской литературе[1] .

Написаны стихами (чаще используется размер эпического двустишия — шлока[2]) вперемежку с прозой и представляют собой большей частью короткие «правила», выраженные в форме афоризмов и предназначенные для заучивания наизусть. Относятся к VI—V векам до н. э. Большая часть дхармасутр происходят из южной Индии.[1]

Впоследствии, с наступлением нашей эры, из них выработались «своды законов» религиозно-нравственных и правовых предписаний, так называемые «дхармашастры», из которых выделяется сборник, именуемый «Ману-смрити» («Законы Ману»).[1]

Научное изучение дхармасутр в Европе началось лишь во второй половине XIX века (Бюлер, Штенцлер, Йолли), но к началу XX века они почти все были изданы и переведены[1].

Издания на санскрите и переводы на европейские языки

См. также

Примечания

  1. ↑ 1 2 3 4 Дхармасутра // Энциклопедический словарь Брокгауза и Ефрона : в 86 т. (82 т. и 4 доп.). — СПб., 1890—1907.
  2. ↑ Дхармашастра // Энциклопедический словарь Брокгауза и Ефрона : в 86 т. (82 т. и 4 доп.). — СПб., 1890—1907.
  3. ↑ Aloïs Anton Führer (1853—1930) Архивная копия от 2 февраля 2022 на Wayback Machine / Национальная библиотека Франции

Литература

  • Jolly, «Outlines of an History of the Hindu Law» (Калькутта, 1885, стр. 37).

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