Subretă

Subretă (inițial în franceză soubrette: „servitoare”, „cameristă”) este un rol feminin în teatru vorbit, operă, operetă și comedie muzicală, al unei cântărețe plină de viață. Inițial subreta era o cameristă, fată care deretica prin casă, dar cu timpul denumirea s-a folosit tot mai mult, în final rămânând exclusiv în domeniul teatrului.

Teatru

Începând cu secolul al XVII-lea, rolul subretei de cameristă poate fi găsit pe scena teatrală, în persoana Columbinei din Commedia dell'arte, care a servit de model. Este o persoană plină de viață, răutăcioasă sau amuzantă.

Operă

Ca subiect vocal, subreta se caracterizează printr-o voce ușoară, agilă, jucăuș–tandră, dar și printr-un mare talent actoricesc, mai ales în domeniul comediei.

În contrast cu primadona, este o figură de rang social inferior. Diferența dintre subretă și soprana de coloratură constă în puterea și volumul vocal: sopranele de coloratură au adesea voci mai puternice, mai dominante și mai înalte. Rulourile pentru subrete sunt adesea de servitoare vesele și glumețe. Multe subrete de coloratură se dezvoltă ulterior într-o soprană de coloratură.

Datorită ușurinței, flexibilității, sensibilității, înălțimii și maleabilității plastice, subreta este potrivită și pentru musicaluri, cântece baroc și muzică folk irlandeză. Un bun exemplu în acest sens sunt cântăreții Hayley Westenra sau Sally Oldfield.

Roluri de subretă în opere și operete

Musicaluri

Vezi și

Referințe

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