Procaină

Procaină
Denumiri
Nume IUPAC2-(dietilamino)etil4-aminobenzoat
Identificare
Număr CAS59-46-1
PubChem4914[1]  Modificați la Wikidata
DrugBankDB00721  Modificați la Wikidata
ChemSpider4745[2]  Modificați la Wikidata
UNII4Z8Y51M438[3]  Modificați la Wikidata
KEGGC07375[4]  Modificați la Wikidata
ChEMBLCHEMBL569[5]  Modificați la Wikidata
Cod ATCC05AD05[6]  Modificați la Wikidata
SMILES
CCN(CC)CCOC(=O)C1=CC=C(C=C1)N[1]  Modificați la Wikidata
InChI
InChI=InChI=1S/C13H20N2O2/c1-3-15(4-2)9-10-17-13(16)11-5-7-12(14)8-6-11/h5-8H,3-4,9-10,14H2,1-2H3[1]  Modificați la Wikidata
Date chimice
FormulăC13H20N2O2
Masă molară236,313 g/mol
Modifică date / text Consultați documentația formatului

Procaina (denumită și novocaină) este un anestezic local din categoria esterilor, utilizat la început în stomatologie. Este utilizată în asociere cu o penicilină (uneori sub denumirea de novocilină)[7] pentru a reduce durerea datorată administrării la nivel intramuscular.[8] Efectul se instalează lent iar durata sa de acțiune este scurtă.[9]

Istoric

Pentru prima oară este sintetizată în anul 1905 de chimistul german din Hamburg Alfred Einhorn (1856-1917), numele de novocaină provine din latină novus - nou; cain - cocaină.

Utilizare

Procaina este folosită rar în anestezia locală, locul ei fiind luat de lidocaină care este mult mai eficientă. Este mai nou descoperit faptul că procaina inhibă enzima DNA-metilaza putând fi utilizată ca supresor tumoral în fenomenele paragenetice tumorale. Inaintea descoperirii procainei cocaina era folosită ca anestezic local, procaina nu are efectul euforizant al cocainei.

Metabolizare

Metabolizarea procainei în organism se produce sub acțiunea enzimei pseudocolinesterază, care desface procaina în acid paraaminobenzoic (PABA) și bietil-amino-acetanol, acidul paraaminobenzoic este răspunzător de reacțiile alergice apărute la pacienți.

Note

  1. ^ a b c d e f g h i j „Procaină”, procaine (în engleză), PubChem, accesat în  
  2. ^ a b Procaine (în engleză), ChemSpider, accesat în  
  3. ^ a b procaine (în engleză), Global Substance Registration System, accesat în  
  4. ^ a b procaine (în engleză), ChEBI, accesat în  
  5. ^ a b PROCAINE (în engleză), ChEMBL, accesat în  
  6. ^ a b Procaine (în engleză), DrugBank,  
  7. ^ „Novocilină” la DEX online
  8. ^ „Procaine penicillin”. The American Society of Health-System Pharmacists. Accesat în . 
  9. ^ „Procaine”. DrugBank - Canadian Institutes of Health Research. Accesat în . 


v • d • m
Anestezice locale (ATC N01B)
Amide
Esteri ai
(după acid)
Benzocaină  • Cloroprocaină  • Procaină (novocaină)  • Tetracaină#

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