Richard Lewontin

Richard Lewontin
Richard Lewontin
Nascimento 29 de março de 1929
Nova Iorque
Morte 4 de julho de 2021 (92 anos)
Cambridge
Residência Brattleboro
Nacionalidade estadunidense
Cidadania Estados Unidos
Alma mater Universidade Columbia
Ocupação matemático, biólogo, geneticista, professor universitário
Distinções Prêmio Sewall Wright (1994), Prêmio Crafoord (2015)
Empregador(a) Universidade Harvard, Universidade de Rochester, Universidade de Chicago, Santa Fe Institute, Universidade Estadual da Carolina do Norte
Orientador(a)(es/s) Theodosius Dobzhansky
Instituições Universidade Harvard
Campo(s) biologia evolutiva, genética, crítica social
Obras destacadas Molecules and Minds: Essays on Biology and the Social Order

Richard Charles "Dick" Lewontin (Nova Iorque, 29 de março de 19294 de julho de 2021) foi um matemático, biólogo evolucionista, professor de Zoologia na Universidade de Harvard e um dos dos principais geneticistas do mundo. Lewontin é uma das principais vozes que combatem o racismo científico.[1] Ajudou a desenvolver as bases matemáticas da biologia populacional e teoria evolutiva. Foi pioneiro na noção de se usar técnicas de biologia molecular, tal como a eletroforese em gel para aplicar em questões relacionadas com a variação genética.

Num par de artigos escritos em conjunto com John Lee Hubby na revista Genetics, Lewontin ajudou a montar o cenário da disciplina moderna de evolução molecular.

Em 1979, junto com Stephen Jay Gould introduziu o termo "spandrel", na teoria evolutiva. Este termo significa uma característica biológica evoluída que aparece como resultado de modificações numa outra característica.

Lewontin opõe-se ao determinismo genético, especialmente como expresso alegadamente por pesquisadores na Genética do Comportamento.

Demonstrou a existência dos polimorfismos bioquímicos e junto com sua equipe iniciou o debate entre a evolução neutra e evolução adaptativa.

Referências

  1. «Richard Lewontin». Biblioteca Nacional da Alemanha (em alemão). Consultado em 10 de maio de 2020 

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