Programa de Integração Nacional

O Programa de Integração Nacional (PIN) foi um programa de cunho geopolítico criado pelo Governo Emílio Médici por meio do Decreto-Lei Nº1106, de 16 de julho de 1970, assinado pelo Presidente Médici.[1] A proposta era baseada na utilização de mão de obra nordestina liberada pelas grandes secas de 1969 e 1970 e na noção de vazios demográficos amazônicos. São cunhados aqui os lemas "integrar para não entregar" e "terra sem homens para homens sem terras".

Para Otávio Velho, com o PIN “o governo foi capaz de mobilizar o sentimento nacionalista, neutralizando a esquerda nacionalista ao mesmo tempo em que permanecia basicamente cosmopolita no seu caráter, já que inclusive essa colonização da Amazônia implicaria numa maciça participação estrangeira”.[2]

O PIN prevê que dez quilômetros em cada lado das estradas a ser construídas deveriam ser utilizadas para a colonização por cerca de 500 mil pessoas, ou seja, uma meta de assentar cem mil famílias. A rodovia Transamazônica foi a principal via escolhida para a colonização.[3] Conforme o então Ministro do Interior, Costa Cavalcante, citado por Ianni,[4] a Transamazônica corta o território de vinte e nove grupos indígenas dos quais, tomando-se a classificação por níveis de contato com a sociedade envolvente, utilizada na época: onze são grupos isolados, nove de contato intermitente e nove considerados integrados.

Stephen Baines (1991) descreve que quando Médici anuncia o PIN, o órgão indigenista é nele envolvido. No mesmo ano é firmado um convênio entre a FUNAI e a SUDAM para garantir a pacificação de quase trinta grupos indígenas.[5]

Ver também

Referências

  1. ↑ BRASIL. Decreto-Lei Nº 1.106, de 16 de junho de 1970. Cria o Programa de Integração Nacional, altera a legislação do impôsto de renda das pessoas jurídicas na parte referente a incentivos fiscais e dá outras providências. Brasília, 1970. Acesso em 21 mar. 2014.
  2. ↑ VELHO, Otávio (1976). Capitalismo autoritário e campesinato 1 ed. Rio de Janeiro: Zahar 
  3. ↑ VALVERDE, Orlando e FREITAS, Tácito (1982). O problema florestal da Amazônia brasileira 1 ed. Petrópolis: Vozes 
  4. ↑ IANNI, Octávio (1979). Ditadura e agricultura. o desenvolvimento do capitalismo na Amazônia 1964-1968 1 ed. Rio de Janeiro: Civilização Brasileira 
  5. ↑ BAINES, Stephen (1991). “É a FUNAI que sabe”. a frente de atração Waimiri-Atroari 1 ed. Belém - Pará: CNPq/MPEG 

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