Podochileae

Como ler uma infocaixa de taxonomiaPodochileae
Eria lasiopetala
Eria lasiopetala
Classificação científica
Domínio: Eukaryota
Reino: Plantae
Divisão: Magnoliophyta
Classe: Liliopsida
Ordem: Asparagales
Família: Orchidaceae
Subfamília: Epidendroideae
Tribo: Podochileae
Distribuição geográfica

Subtribos

Eriinae
Thelasinae

Sinónimos

Thelaseae

Podochileae é uma tribo de plantas da família das orquídeas (Orchidaceae) que pertence a subfamília Epidendroideae no grupo das "Epidendroideas superiores" [1]. São plantas verdes, geralmente com pseudobulbos e folhas articuladas; raízes com velame; flores cuja coluna apresenta prolongamento podiforme, sem margens alargadas no ápice nem estipe. Está dividida em duas subtribos, incluindo 28 gêneros [2] e cerca de 1350 espécies [3].

Algumas das espécies desta tribo estão entre as preferidas dos colecionadores de orquídeas pois Podochileae inclui gêneros tão populares como Eria, Ceratostylis e Callostylis, Cryptochilus, Bryobium, e Pinalia, todos compostos por espécies de tamanho médio e fáceis de cultivar. Não há espécies nativas do Brasil [4] apesar de muitas serem comuns em cultivo.

Distribuição

São gêneros nativos do Sudeste Asiático, Índia e Sri-Lanka, norte da Austrália e Nova Zelandia, com um único gênero, Stolzia, na África tropical [3].

Histórico

Esta tribo foi proposta por Ernst Hugo Heinrich Pfitzer em 1887 sendo Podochilus seu gênero tipo [5]. Em 1981, Brieger notou que as flores de muitos gêneros de Podochileae apresentam viscídio portanto esta subtribo deveria estar apartada da subtribo Epidendreae de Epidendroideae [6]. Dressler, em 1981, pensava incluir Podochileae em Epidendreae [1] mas em 1993 mudou de ideia e restabeleceu-a como subtribo autônoma [7].

Descrição

São plantas verdes epífitas, rupícolas or raramente terrestres, apresentando raízes com velame e rizoma; geralmente apresentando pseudobulbos com folhas em seu ápice ou sem pseudobulbos, com folhas ao longo do caule, articuladas ou não, dísticas; inflorescências laterais com brácteas florais; flores normalmente discretas, com sépalas laterais fundidas perto do pé da coluna formando um mento, e pétalas livres menores que as sépalas, de coluna carnosa, com ou sem pé proeminente, normalmente sem asas [2].

Filogenia

As relações filogenéticas dentro da subfamília Epidendroideae são complicadas para a tribo Podochileae. Fixadas com parcimônia e modelo baseado em dados de análises individuais da sequência de DNA, não se obtiveram resultados conclusivos sobre seu exato posicionamento dentre os clados de Epidendroideae [2]. Sabe-se porém que não estão próximas de Dendrobiinae ou Vandeae como se pensava duas décadas atrás [7].

Subtribos

A classificação das subtribos e gêneros apresentados segue a taxonomia publicada recentemente em Genera Orchidacearum.

Subtribo Eriinae Bentham

Plantas de flores com polínias ovoides presas a caudículo comum.[2]. Está dividida em 24 gêneros [2] e cerca de 1150 espécies [3].

Subtribo Thelasinae Pfitzer

Plantas de flores com polínias em regra achatadas lateralmente, ou com outros formatos não ovoides, as quais não se encontram presas a caudículo comum.[2]. Está dividida em 4 gêneros [2] e cerca de 200 espécies [3].

Ver também

Referências

  1. a b Dressler, Robert L. (1981). The Orchids: Natural History and Classification. Harvard University Press. ISBN 0-674-87525-7.
  2. a b c d e f g Pridgeon, A.M., Cribb, P.J., Chase, M.A. & Rasmussen, F. eds. (2006). Genera Orchidacearum 4 - Epidendroideae (Part 1). Oxford Univ. Press. ISBN 978 0 19 850712 3.
  3. a b c d R. Govaerts, D. Holland Baptista, M.A. Campacci, P.Cribb (K.) (2008). World Checklist of Orchidaceae. The Board of Trustees of the Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew. «Published on the Internet» (em inglês) .
  4. Pabst, G.F.J.; Dungs, F. (1975). Orchidaceae brasiliensis, vol. 2. Hildeshein: Kurt Schmersow. ISBN 3 87105 0107
  5. Pfitzer, Ernst H. H. (1887). Entwurf einer naturlichen Anordnung der Orchideen 101.
  6. Brieger, F.G. (1981). Dendrobiinae. Die Orchideen pp. 636-752 (Berlin).
  7. a b Dressler, Robert L. (1993). Phylogeny and classification of the orchid family. Dioscorides Press, Portland, OR.

Ligações externas

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