Número E

 Nota: Este artigo é sobre os códigos aditivos alimentares. Para constante, veja e (constante matemática).

Os números E são códigos de referência para aditivos alimentares e podem ser encontrados nas etiquetas de embalagens de produtos alimentares na União Europeia.[1] O esquema de numeração segue o Sistema Internacional de Numeração (International Numbering System, também conhecido pelo acrónimo INS[2]) conforme determinado pelo comité do Codex Alimentarius. Apenas uma parte dos aditivos INS se encontram aprovados para uso na União Europeia, daí o uso do prefixo 'E'. A codificação também pode ser encontrada em países fora da União Europeia, como por exemplo a Austrália.

A adição de aditivos constantes da lista de números E a produtos alimentares é há muitos anos causa de preocupação devido aos seus possíveis efeitos na saúde dos consumidores. Acredita-se que muitos destes aditivos possam estar relacionados com várias patologias como por exemplo: alergias, problemas neurológicos, problemas gastro-intestinais, cancro, doenças cardiovasculares e artrite. Mais recentemente uma outra causa de preocupação surgiu a partir da possibilidade de muitos destes aditivos terem origem geneticamente modificada. Alguns destes aditivos podem ser considerados inapropriados em dietas específicas como halal, kosher e vegetariana.

Classificação segundo intervalos numéricos

100-199

Corantes

100-109 – amarelos
110-119 – laranjas
120-129 – vermelhos
130-139 – azuis e violetas
140-149 – verdes
150-159 – castanhos e pretos
160-199 – outras

200-299

Conservantes

200-209 – sorbatos
210-219 – benzoatos
220-229 – sulfitos
230-239 – fenóis e formatos (metanoatos)
240-259 – nitratos
260-269 – acetatos (etanoatos)
270-279 – lactatos
280-289 – propionatos (propanoatos)
290-299 – outros

300-399

Antioxidantes e Reguladores de acidez

300-309 – ascorbatos (vitamina C)
310-319 – galatos e eritorbatos
320-329 – lactatos
330-339 – citratos e tartaratos
340-349 – fosfatos
350-359 – malatos e adipatos
360-369 – succinatos e fumaratos
370-399 – outros

400-499

Espessantes, estabilizadores gelificantes e emulsionantes

400-409 – alginatos
410-419 – gomas naturais
420-429 – outros agentes naturais
430-439 – compostos de polioxietileno
440-449 – emulsionantes naturais
450-459 – fosfatos
460-469 – compostos de celulose
470-489 – compostos de ácidos gordoss e seus compostos
490-499 – outros

500-599

Reguladores de pH e antiaglomerantes

500-509 – ácidos e bases minerais
510-519 – cloretos e sulfatos
520-529 – sulfatos e hidróxidos
530-549 – compostos de metais alcalinos
550-559 – silicatos
570-579 – estearatos e gluconatos
580-599 – outros

600-699

Intensificadores de sabor

620-629 – glutamatos
630-639 – inosinatos
640-649 – outros

900-999

Vários

900-909 – ceras
910-919 – agentes de revestimento e brilho sintéticos
920-929 – melhorantes
930-949 – gases de embalagem
950-969 – Edulcorantes
990-999 – Agentes de espuma

1100-1599

Químicos adicionais

Produtos químicos recentes que não se encaixam no sistema de classificação existente.

NB: Nem todos os exemplos de uma classe pertencem ao mesmo intervalo numérico. Adicionalmente, muitos produtos, particularmente no intervalo E400-499, têm várias aplicações.

Ver também

Notas

  1. ↑ informações sobre alimentos e segurança alimentar, de acordo com as norma da UE, no site Food-Info.net
  2. ↑ Sistema numérico elaborado pelo Codex Committee on Food Additives and Contaminants (CCFAC) para identificação de contaminantes e aditivos alimentares ao invés de utilizar o próprio nome do aditivo.

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