Neurite óptica

Neurite óptica
Neurite óptica
Neurite óptica no olho direito
Sinónimos Nevrite óptica
Especialidade oftalmologia, neurologia
Classificação e recursos externos
CID-10 H46
CID-9 377.3
CID-11 210935787
DiseasesDB 9242
MedlinePlus 000741
eMedicine radio/488
MeSH D009902
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Neurite óptica ou neurite retrobulbar é a inflamação do nervo óptico que pode causar uma perda súbita da visão (geralmente unilateral)[1]. Seu quadro clínico costuma se caracterizar pela confluência dos seguintes elementos: (i) sensação de dor na região ocular, agravada no momento da movimentação; (ii) discromatopsia (alteração na percepção e na identificação das cores); e (iii) baixa súbita na acuidadade visual.

Sua identificação é bastante mais comum em adultos jovens, na faixa etária situada entre 20 e 45 anos. Da mesma forma, atinge especialmente as mulheres. Em inúmeras circunstâncias, o aparecimento da neurite óptica, menos do que uma patologia em si, constitui uma primeira manifestação de Esclerose Múltipla.

Também pode estar associada ao uso de Etambutol em crianças menores de 10 anos de idade.

Em síntese, trata-se de um quadro agudo desmielinizante.O nervo óptico é o responsável por levar informação do olho até o cérebro. Sendo associada ou não a doenças sistêmicas, a Neurite óptica é desencadeada por uma reação auto -imune resultando em desmielinização deste nervo, impedindo que a informação seja transmitida de maneira eficaz.

Por último, ressalta-se que o tratamento da neurite óptica é, hoje, objeto controvérsia - ompreendendo-se que em grande parcela dos casos há estabilização equânime do quadro independentemente de qualquer intervenção clínica

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  1. ↑ Petzold, Axel; Fraser, Clare L.; Abegg, Mathias; Alroughani, Raed; Alshowaeir, Daniah; Alvarenga, Regina; Andris, Cécile; Asgari, Nasrin; Barnett, Yael (27 de setembro de 2022). «Diagnosis and classification of optic neuritis». The Lancet Neurology (em inglês) (0). ISSN 1474-4422. PMID 36179757. doi:10.1016/S1474-4422(22)00200-9. Consultado em 26 de outubro de 2022 

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