La Matanza (Argentina)

La Matanza
Geografia
País
Província
Sede
Banhado por
Área
323 km2
Altitude
15 m
Coordenadas
Demografia
População
1 841 247 hab. ()
Densidade
5 700,5 hab./km2 ()
Funcionamento
Estatuto
partido (en)
História
Fundação
Identificadores
Website
Mapa

editar - editar código-fonte - editar WikidataDocumentação da predefinição

La Matanza é o mais populoso dos 135 distritos da província de Buenos Aires, Argentina. Faz parte da zona sudoeste da Grande Buenos Aires. É segundo distrito mais povoado do país, superado apenas pela cidade de Buenos Aires. Com 1.837.774 de habitantes, possui uma densidade populacional de 5.440,8 hab/km² de acordo com o censo de 2022.[1] Seu centro administrativo encontra-se no município de San Justo.[2]

Toponímia

Existem seis versões para a origem do nome de La Matanza:[1]

  1. Massacre realizado por Pedro de Mendoza no encontro com índios em 1536.
  2. Massacre realizado por Juan de Garay contra índios entre 1580, e 1583.
  3. Abate de gado na área que hoje é ocupada pelo distrito.
  4. Pela matança de cães selvagens.
  5. Ao transplantar um português durante uma viagem de Vespúcio.
  6. Em homenagem a Juan de Garay, local onde teria sido assassinado.

História

Fundação

Em 1852, iniciou-se a ocupação do distrito pelo estado para ordens políticas e econômicas, e elevado a distrito pelo então governador de Buenos Aires, Pastor Obligado, em 1854. A instalação do distrito ocorreu em inícios de 1856, e no natal daquele ano, ocorreu a fundação de San Justo, hoje centro administrativo de La Matanza.

Um grande crescimento demográfico foi vivenciado a partir de 1930 devido a industrialização local nos anos seguintes. Por causa da crise econômica causada na Argentina na década de 1970, muitas fábricas foram esvaziadas, e as áreas deram lugar a supermercados, e centenas de casas ocupadas por populações em extrema pobreza que se refugiaram nas imediações em decorrência da Ditadura Militar Argentina, e falência dos comércios.

Devido a repressão e ações de milícias, um grande número de pessoas foram presas ou desapareceram do distrito.[3]

Com o passar do tempo, as mudanças temporais alteraram a fisionomia de todo o núcleo urbano de La Matanza. Atualmente, é uma região dinâmica e cultural da grande Buenos Aires, possuindo vários bairros residenciais, centros universitários, hospitais, e empresas da tecnologia.

Municípios

Dentro do distrito de La Matanza, estão inseridos um total de 16 municípios:[4]

Política

A administração local é composta pelo poder executivo municipal. Este órgão legislativo é composto por 24 vereadores, determinado pela razão do distrito ter mais de 200 mil habitantes. Desde 1983 é governado por prefeitos do Partido Justicialista Argentino, um partido peronista de centro esquerda.

Esporte

Selo de 1912 do Club Almirante Brown, sediado em San Justo.[5]

O esporte mais popular entre a população de La Matanza, é o futebol. Outros esportes como basquete, handebol, rúgbi, e vôlei, também possuem grande relevância.

Estão sediados em La Matanza, clubes sul-americanos como Almirante Brown, Deportivo Laferrere, Deportivo Paraguayo, Liniers, Lugano, e Sportivo Italiano.

Referências

  1. ↑ a b «Municipio de La Matanza - Corazon de La Provincia - La Matanza». www.lamatanza.gov.ar. Consultado em 10 de abril de 2023 
  2. ↑ http://www.scba.gov.ar/planificacion/poblacion%20sup%20dens%20x%20partido%202018%20departamental.pdf
  3. ↑ Agostino H., "Tiempos de dictadura en la Matanza", CLM, Secretaria de Cultura, 2010.
  4. ↑ http://www.24con.com/nota/90080-la-matanzatiene-una-nueva-localidad-villa-celina/
  5. ↑ «Almirante Brown: un club de 90 años, pero con un libro de Centenario». www.diariopopular.com.ar (em espanhol). Consultado em 10 de abril de 2023 
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