Língua korku

Korku
Falado(a) em: Índia
Região: Índia Central , (Madhya Pradesh, Maharashtra)
Total de falantes: 727,133, (73% da etnia Korku) 2011 census [1]
Família: Austro-asiática
 Munda
  Munda setentrional
   Korku
Escrita: estilo Balbodh da Devanagari[2][3]
Códigos de língua
ISO 639-1: --
ISO 639-2: ---
ISO 639-3: kfq
Distribuição das línguas munda na Índia, Korku é a mais à esquerda na Índia Central

Korku é uma língua austro-asiática falada pela tribo Korku do centro da Índia, nos estados de Madhya Pradesh e Maharashtra. Está isolado no meio do povo Gondi, cja língua é dravídico seus parentes mais próximos estão no leste da Índia.

Os Korkus também estão intimamente associados ao povo Nihali, muitos dos quais tradicionalmente moram em bairros especiais das aldeias Korku.[4] O Korku é falado por cerca de 200 mil pessoas , principalmente em quatro distritos do sul de Madhya Pradesh (Khandwa, Harda, Betul, Hoshangabad e três distritos do norte de Maharashtra Rajura e Korpana de Chandrapur, área de Manikgarh pahad perto de Gadchandur no istrito de Chandrapur) (Distritos de Amravati, Buldhana, Akola. O Korku é falado num número cada vez mais decrescente de aldeias e está sendo gradualmente substituído por Hindi. Por essas razões, Korku é classificado como "vulnerável à extinção" pela UNESCO.[5]

Etimologia

O nome Korku vem de Koro-k (- ku é o plural animado), pessoa de 'Koro' , membro da comunidade Korku' (Zide 2008).[6]

Variedades

Zide (2008: 256) lista os seguintes dialetos.

  • Kurku propriamente dito é falado no oeste. A maioria dos dados disponíveis é do subdialeto Melghat. Outros subdialetos incluem os dos distritos de Betul e Hoshangabad. A variedade de Lahi de Hoshangabad é notável por sua perda do número gramatical dual.
  • Muwasi (Mowasi, Mawasi) é falado no leste, em áreas como distrito de Chhindwara do nordeste Maharashtra.

Distribuição

Korku é falado nos seguintes distritos (Zide 2008: 256):

  • Centro-sul Madhya Pradesh
    • East Nimar (distrito de Khandwa)
    • Betul
    • Hoshangabad
    • Chhindwara (falantes de Mawasi)
  • Nordeste [[Maharashtra
    • Amravati (maioria dos falantes em Maharashtra)
    • Buldana
    • Akola

Fonologia

Vogais

Korku tem 6 vogais orais; a, e, i, o, u, ɨ e 2 s nasalizadas; ɪ̃, ʊ̃.[7]

Consoantes

Korku has 22 consonants.

Bilabial Alveolar Retroflexa Palatal Velar Glotal
plana aspirada plana aspirada plana aspirada
Oclusiva surda p t c k ʔ
sonora b d ɟ g
Fricativa s
Nasal m n ŋ
Aproximante l j
Vibrante ɾ ɽ

Gramática

Os substantivos podem ter um dos três gêneros: masculino, feminino ou neutro. Os adjetivos são colocados antes dos substantivos que qualificam..

Escrita

A língua Korku usa o estilo Balbodh do Devanagari, que também é usado para escrever a língua marata.[2]

Situação

O uso da língua Korku foi fortemente influenciado por línguas hegemônicas maiores, especialmente o hindi. Essa influência afeta não apenas a linguagem, mas também os costumes e a cultura tradicionais do povo Korku. Alguns grupos foram mais bem-sucedidos na preservação de seu idioma, especificamente o Potharia Korku (da Montanha Vindhyas).[8]

O censo nacional de 2001 registrou 574.481 pessoas que afirmam falar korku.[9]

Amostra de Texto

चिविच् रान्नी डो चिविच् रान्नी । चोजा सगुन घाले-बा डो चिविच् रान्नी । चिविच् न्नी डो चिविच् रान्नी । ब्यावा सगुन घाले घाले-बा डो चिविच् रान्नी ।

Transliteração

ciwit rānnī ḍo ciwit rānnī. cojā sagun ghāle-bā ḍo ciwit rānnī. ciwit rānnī ḍo ciwit rānnī. byāwā sagun ghāle-bā ḍo ciwit rānnī.

Português

Black Bird está dizendo algo. O que ela está fingindo? Ela está fingindo sobre noivas. [10]

Notas

  1. «Statement 1: Abstract of speakers' strength of languages and mother tongues - 2011». www.censusindia.gov.in. Office of the Registrar General & Census Commissioner, India. Consultado em 7 de julho de 2018 
  2. a b Sebeok, Thomas Albert, ed. (1971). Current Trends in Linguistics. [S.l.]: Walter de Gruyter. p. 425. Cópia arquivada em 7 de dezembro 2014 
  3. Sebeok, Thomas Albert, ed. (1971). Current Trends in Linguistics. [S.l.]: Walter de Gruyter. p. 425. Cópia arquivada em 7 de dezembro de 2014 
  4. nll Nihali
  5. «Korku». UNESCO Atlas of the World's Languages in danger (em inglês). UNESCO. Consultado em 18 de março de 2018 
  6. Cust, R. N. "Grammatical Note and Vocabulary of the Language of the Kor-ku, a Kolarian Tribe in Central India." The Journal of the Royal Asiatic Society of Great Britain and Ireland. no. 2 (1884): 164 - 179. JSTOR 25196986
  7. «PHOIBLE Online -». phoible.org. Consultado em 26 de janeiro de 2019 
  8. Fuchs, Stephen. "Thirty Korku Dancing Songs." Asian Folklore Studies. no. 1 (2000): 109-140. JSTOR 1179030
  9. Sengupta, Papia. "Endangered Languages: Some Concerns." Economic And Political Weekly. no. 32 (2009): 17-19. JSTOR 25663414
  10. Korhu Bharatavani

Bibliografia

  • Zide, Norman. 2008. "Korku". In Anderson, Gregory D.S (ed). The Munda languages, 256-298. Routledge Language Family Series 3.New York: Routledge. ISBN 0-415-32890-X.
  • Nagaraja, K. S. (1999). Korku language: grammar, texts, and vocabulary. Tokyo: Institute for the Study of Languages and Cultures of Asia and Africa, Tokyo University of Foreign Studies.
  • Zide, N. H. (1963). Korku noun morphology. [Chicago: South Asian Languages Program, University of Chicago].
  • Zide, N. H. (1960). Korku verb morphology. [S.l: s.n].

Ligações externas

Read other articles:

Artikel ini sebatang kara, artinya tidak ada artikel lain yang memiliki pranala balik ke halaman ini.Bantulah menambah pranala ke artikel ini dari artikel yang berhubungan atau coba peralatan pencari pranala.Tag ini diberikan pada November 2022. Alfred VohrerAlfred Vohrer (kedua dari kanan)Lahir(1914-12-29)29 Desember 1914Stuttgart, Kekaisaran JermanMeninggal3 Februari 1986(1986-02-03) (umur 71)Munich, Jerman BaratPekerjaanSutradara, pemeranTahun aktif1958–1984 Alfred Vohrer (29 D...

 

Diagram formasi Chakrabyuha. Cakrabyuha (Dewanagari: चक्रव्यूह; ,IAST: Cakravyuha, चक्रव्यूह) atau Padmabyuha (Dewanagari: पद्मव्यूह; ,IAST: Padmavyuha, पद्मव्यूह) adalah salah satu bentuk formasi militer dalam peperangan India Kuno yang disebutkan dalam kitab Mahabharata. Sesuai dengan namanya (Cakra bermakna roda atau lingkaran), formasi ini tersusun dari ribuan prajurit yang membentuk lingkaran besa...

 

Football tournamentUEFA Women's Futsal ChampionshipOrganising bodyUEFAFounded2018RegionEuropeNumber of teamsMaximum of 55 (Qualifiers)4 (Finals)Current champions Spain (3rd title)Most successful team(s) Spain (3 titles)WebsiteOfficial website UEFA Women's Futsal Euro 2023 The UEFA European Women's Futsal Championship[1] is the main futsal competition of the women's national futsal teams governed by UEFA (the Union of European Football Associations). Trophy The tournament...

Экономика Колумбии Валюта колумбийское песо Фискальный год календарный Международныеорганизации ВТО, Тихоокеанский альянс, Андское сообщество Статистика ВВП $331 млрд (номинал, 2018)[1] $744,3 млрд (ППС, 2018)[1] Рост ВВП ▲ 2 % (2016)[2] ВВП на душу населения $6 642 (номинал, ...

 

River or estuary in South America For other uses, see Río de la Plata (disambiguation) and River Plate (disambiguation). Río de la PlataRiver Plate, La Plata RiverNASA photo of the Río de la Plata looking from northwest to southeast. Buenos Aires is visible on the right side near the Paraná River delta. River sediments turn the seawater brown in the vicinity of Montevideo, visible on the left coast.Map of the Río de la Plata basin, showing the Río de la Plata at the mouths of the Paran�...

 

1968 film by Melvin Frank Buona Sera, Mrs. CampbellOriginal posterDirected byMelvin FrankWritten byMelvin FrankDenis NordenSheldon KellerProduced byMelvin FrankStarringGina LollobrigidaPhil SilversPeter LawfordTelly SavalasShelley WintersLee GrantJanet MargolinCinematographyGábor PogányEdited byBill ButlerMusic byRiz OrtolaniDistributed byUnited ArtistsRelease dateDecember 1968Running time108 minutesCountryUnited StatesLanguageEnglishBox office$2.5 million (US/ Canada rentals)[1] Bu...

Questa voce o sezione sull'argomento politica non cita le fonti necessarie o quelle presenti sono insufficienti. Commento: carenza pesante, solo quattro note e un testo in bibliografia; poi lo stile della trattazione è molto più simile ad un saggio che ad una enciclopedia Puoi migliorare questa voce aggiungendo citazioni da fonti attendibili secondo le linee guida sull'uso delle fonti. Segui i suggerimenti del progetto di riferimento. Lenin nel 1916 Il leninismo è una corrente di pen...

 

أدوبي بروميير إليمنتالشعارمعلومات عامةنوع برامج تحرير الفيديو المطورون أدوبي موقع الويب adobe.com… تعديل - تعديل مصدري - تعديل ويكي بيانات أدوبي بروميير إيليمنت (بالإنجليزية: Adobe Premiere Elements)‏ هو برنامج تحرير فيديو . هذه نسخة للمستهلكين من برنامج أدوبي بريمير برو. منافسوها الرئ�...

 

This article needs additional citations for verification. Please help improve this article by adding citations to reliable sources. Unsourced material may be challenged and removed.Find sources: Naval Station Norfolk Chambers Field – news · newspapers · books · scholar · JSTOR (March 2017) (Learn how and when to remove this message) Chambers FieldPart of Naval Station NorfolkNorfolk, Virginia in the United StatesMH-60S Seahawks of HSC-22 prepare f...

2016年美國總統選舉 ← 2012 2016年11月8日 2020 → 538個選舉人團席位獲勝需270票民意調查投票率55.7%[1][2] ▲ 0.8 %   获提名人 唐納·川普 希拉莉·克林頓 政党 共和黨 民主党 家鄉州 紐約州 紐約州 竞选搭档 迈克·彭斯 蒂姆·凱恩 选举人票 304[3][4][註 1] 227[5] 胜出州/省 30 + 緬-2 20 + DC 民選得票 62,984,828[6] 65,853,514[6]...

 

زاوية نقطة الاعتدال تظهر باللون الأخضر. زاوية نقطة الاعتدال أو خط طول العقدة الصاعدة (بالإنجليزية: Longitude of the ascending node)‏ (☊ أو Ω) أحد العناصر المدارية التي تصف مدار جرم سماوي ما في الفضاء.وهو البعد بين العقدة الصاعدة ومبتدأ خط الطول على المستوى المرجعي انظر الصورة.والعقد المد...

 

Used car export association in Taiwan This article is an orphan, as no other articles link to it. Please introduce links to this page from related articles; try the Find link tool for suggestions. (March 2023) Used Car Export Constructing & Research Association of R.O.C. is a nonprofit organization in the auto industry. It established Taiwan's used car export policies and industrial development, and seeks to promote innovations in the automotive export industry. It was founded on December...

Space telescope This article needs additional citations for verification. Please help improve this article by adding citations to reliable sources. Unsourced material may be challenged and removed.Find sources: Midcourse Space Experiment – news · newspapers · books · scholar · JSTOR (January 2015) (Learn how and when to remove this message) Midcourse Space ExperimentMidcourse Space ExperimentNamesMSXOperatorBMDOCOSPAR ID1996-024A SATCAT no.23851Website...

 

1992 single by Shizuka KudoKoe o KikaseteSingle by Shizuka KudoReleasedAugust 21, 1992 (1992-08-21)GenrePopgospel[1]Length6:36LabelPony CanyonSongwriter(s)Gorō MatsuiTsugutoshi GotōProducer(s)Tsugutoshi GotōShizuka Kudo singles chronology Urahara (1992) Koe o Kikasete (1992) Dōkoku (1993) Audio sampleKoe o Kikasetefilehelp Koe o Kikasete (声(こえ)を聴(き)かせて, lit. Let Me Hear Your Voice) is a song recorded by Japanese singer Shizuka Kudo. It was ...

 

Iso Isetta-BMW IsettaDescrizione generaleCostruttore  Iso Autoveicoli Tipo principaleMonovolume Altre versioniCabrioletVanPick-up Produzionedal 1953 al 1962 SerieIso Isetta (1953-1956)BMW Isetta (1955-1962) Altre caratteristicheProgettoErmenegildo Preti StilePierluigi Raggi La Iso Isetta è una microvettura che venne prodotta dalla casa automobilistica italiana Iso di Bresso tra il 1953 e il 1956 e su licenza dalla tedesca BMW tra il 1955 e il 1962.[1][2] La BMW Iset...

Municipality in Galicia, SpainA GuardaMunicipality FlagCoat of armsLocation of A Guarda within GaliciaCoordinates: 41°54′6″N 8°52′31″W / 41.90167°N 8.87528°W / 41.90167; -8.87528CountrySpainAutonomous communityGaliciaProvincePontevedraComarcaO Baixo MiñoParroquias List CamposancosA GuardaSalcidos Government • TypeConcello • MayorAntonio Lomba Baz (PSdeG)Area • Total20.5 km2 (7.9 sq mi)Population (2018...

 

Infantry regiment of the British Army from 1633 to 2006 For other uses, see Royal Scot (disambiguation). Royal Scots (The Royal Regiment)Cap badgeActive1633–2006Country Kingdom of Scotland (1633–1678) Kingdom of England (1678–1707) Kingdom of Great Britain (c.1707–c.1800) Kingdom of Ireland (c. 1775)[1] United Kingdom (1801–2006)Branch British ArmyTypeInfantryRoleLine infantryPart ofScottish DivisionGarrison/HQEdinburghNickname(s)Pontius Pi...

 

Artikel ini tidak memiliki referensi atau sumber tepercaya sehingga isinya tidak bisa dipastikan. Tolong bantu perbaiki artikel ini dengan menambahkan referensi yang layak. Tulisan tanpa sumber dapat dipertanyakan dan dihapus sewaktu-waktu.Cari sumber: Elektronika digital – berita · surat kabar · buku · cendekiawan · JSTOR Hitachi J100 dapat disesuaikan dan sasis penggerak frekuensi dunia AS Elektronika digital adalah sistem elektronika yang menggunaka...

  لمعانٍ أخرى، طالع اتصال (توضيح). اتصالاتمعلومات عامةصنف فرعي من تبادل معلومات يدرسه  القائمة ... دراسات التواصلpragmatic information theory (en) علم التفاعلeducommunication (en) سوسيولوجيا التواصلسيكولوجية الاتصالات البيانات الخارجية متاحة في http://data.europa.eu/euodp/en/data/group/eurovoc_domain_100150 ممثلة بـ ...

 

Genus of plants Sphaeromeria Sphaeromeria compacta, Nevada Scientific classification Kingdom: Plantae Clade: Tracheophytes Clade: Angiosperms Clade: Eudicots Clade: Asterids Order: Asterales Family: Asteraceae Subfamily: Asteroideae Tribe: Anthemideae Genus: SphaeromeriaNutt. Type species Sphaeromeria capitataNutt. Synonyms[1] Vesicarpa Rydb. Sphaeromeria is a genus of flowering plants in the chamomile tribe within the sunflower family.[2] Sphaeromeria is native to the western...