Consoante velar

Pontos de articulação
Labial
Bilabial
Labiovelar
Labioalveolar
Labiodental
Dentolabial
Bidental
Coronal
Linguolabial
Interdental
Dental
Dentoalveolar
Alveolar
Apical
Laminal
Subapical
Palatoalveolar
Alveolo-palatal
Retroflexa
Dorsal
Palatal
Labial-palatal
Velar
Uvular
Uvular-epiglotal
Radical
Faríngea
Epigloto-faríngea
Epiglotal
Glotal
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Uma consoante velar ou simplesmente uma velar é uma consoante que, em sua pronúncia o obstáculo é formado pela aproximação ou o contato da língua com o palato mole, que por vezes é chamado de véu palatino.[1]

As consoantes velares presentes na língua portuguesa são representadas pelas letras c, g e q como em cão, graveto e queijo, respectivamente.[2]

Alguns processos fonológicos que podem acontecer com as consoantes velares são a palatalização, como na palavra quiabo,[3] e a labialização, como em quatro.[4]

A vibrante velar e o tepe velar não são consoantes possíveis segundo a Associação Fonética Internacional.[5] Na posição velar, a língua tem uma capacidade muito restrita de executar o tipo de movimento associado a consoantes vibrantes ou tepes e o corpo da língua não é livre para se mover rápido o suficiente para produzir esses sons.[6]

Exemplos

IPA Descrição Exemplo
Idioma Ortografia IPA Tradução
ŋ Nasal velar Português manga [ˈmɐ̃ŋɡɐ][7] manga
k Oclusiva velar surda Português cão [ˈkɐ̃w̃][8] cão
ɡ Oclusiva velar sonora Português graveto [ɡɾaˈve.tu][9] graveto
x Fricativa velar surda Alemão Bauch [baʊx][10] abdômen
ɣ Fricativa velar sonora Grego γάτα [ˈɣata][11] gato
ʍ Fricativa labiovelar surda Inglês whine [ˈʍaɪn][12] lamentar-se
ɰ Aproximante velar sonora Coreano uisa [ɰisɐ] médico
ʟ Aproximante lateral velar sonora Wahgi aʟaʟe [aʟaʟe] tonto
w Aproximante labiovelar sonora Inglês we [wi][13] nós
kʼ Ejetiva velar Archi кӀан [kʼan] fundo
ɠ Implosiva velar sonora Sindhi g̈əro/ڳرو [ɠəro] pesado

Bibliografia

Referências

  1. ↑ Hayes 2009, p. 10.
  2. ↑ «Portal da Língua Portuguesa». www.portaldalinguaportuguesa.org. Consultado em 2 de maio de 2023 
  3. ↑ «quiabo (nome masculino) -». www.portaldalinguaportuguesa.org. Consultado em 2 de maio de 2023 
  4. ↑ «quatro (nome masculino) -». www.portaldalinguaportuguesa.org. Consultado em 2 de maio de 2023 
  5. ↑ «Full IPA Chart | International Phonetic Association». www.internationalphoneticassociation.org. Consultado em 2 de maio de 2023 
  6. ↑ «The International Phonetic Alphabet». www.madore.org. Consultado em 2 de maio de 2023 
  7. ↑ «manga (nome feminino) -». www.portaldalinguaportuguesa.org. Consultado em 2 de maio de 2023 
  8. ↑ «cão (nome masculino) -». www.portaldalinguaportuguesa.org. Consultado em 2 de maio de 2023 
  9. ↑ «graveto (nome masculino) -». www.portaldalinguaportuguesa.org. Consultado em 2 de maio de 2023 
  10. ↑ «Bauch – Schreibung, Definition, Bedeutung, Etymologie, Synonyme, Beispiele». DWDS (em alemão). Consultado em 2 de maio de 2023 
  11. ↑ «Λεξικό της κοινής νεοελληνικής». www.greek-language.gr. Consultado em 2 de maio de 2023 
  12. ↑ «whine | Portuguese translation - Cambridge Dictionary». Cambridge Dictionary. Consultado em 2 de maio de 2023 
  13. ↑ «Definition of we | Dictionary.com». www.dictionary.com (em inglês). Consultado em 2 de maio de 2023 
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